• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.381.2-381.2
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• 2016

It was known conceptually that ferrofluid or air driven flows induced by waste heat energy could generate electric power in surrounding windings by changing the magnetic flux with time through the colis. In the last decade, a ferrohydrodynamics energy harvesting system based on magnetorheology has been investigated experimentally and numerically. However, it was focused on the movement of air droplets or nanoparticles in the ferrofluid, therefore the electric power generated in the device was not enough to use practically. In this study, we developed the electrical generation concept based on magnetic particle flows for harvesting large amount of electric power and conducted measurements and computations for verifying the concept of electrical generation. In order to obtain a significant amount of electrical energy by using magnetic particle flows, it was critical to control the magnetization direction of magnetic nanoparticles in the fluid by a permanent magnet and to change the magnetic flux with time by air bubbles when the fluid flows in a millimeter-sized channel passed through surrounding windings.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.160-167
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• 2013

Resource allocation based on quantized feedback plays a critical role in wireless mesh networks with a time division multiple access (TDMA) physical layer. In this study, a resource allocation problem was formulated based on quantized feedback for TDMA wireless mesh networks that minimize the total transmission power. Three steps were taken to solve the optimization problem. In the first step, the codebook of the power, rate and equivalent channel quantization threshold was designed. In the second step, the timeslot allocation criterion was deduced using the primal-dual method. In the third step, a resource allocation scheme was developed based on quantized feedback using the stochastic optimization tool. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme not only reduces the total transmission power, but also has the advantage of quantized feedback.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.87-96
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• 2019

Low power issue is one of the most critical problems in the Internet of Things (IoT), which are powered by battery. To solve this problem, various approaches have been presented so far. In this paper, we propose a method to reduce the power consumption by reducing the numbers of accesses into the flash memory consuming a large amount of power for on-chip software execution. Our approach is based on using cooperative logging structure to distribute the sampling overhead in single sensor node to adjacent nodes in case of rare-event applications. The proposed algorithm to identify event occurrence is newly introduced with negative feedback method by observing difference between past data and recent data coming from the sensor. When an event with need of flash access is determined, the proposed approach only allows access to write the sampled data in flash memory. The proposed event detection algorithm (EDA) result in 30% reduction of power consumption compared to the conventional flash write scheme for all cases of event. The sampled data from the sensor is first traced into the random access memory (RAM), and write access to the flash memory is delayed until the page buffer of the on-chip flash memory controller in the micro controller unit (MCU) is full of the numbers of the traced data, thereby reducing the frequency of accessing flash memory. This technique additionally reduces power consumption by 40% compared to flash-write all data. By sharing the sampling information via LoRa channel, the overhead in sampling data is distributed, to reduce the sampling load on each node, so that the 66% reduction of total power consumption is achieved in several IoT edge nodes by removing the sampling operation of duplicated data.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.358-373
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• 1995

중수로용 개량핵 연료집합체인 CANFLEX 핵연료다발의 CANDU-6 원자로 장전시 열수송계통에 대한 유동안정성이 분석되었다. CANFLEX 핵연료다발은 기존의 37개봉 핵연료다발과 원자로출력 및 압력강하 측면에서 거의 일치되며, 이로인해 수력적 거동이 양립하는 반면, CANFLEX핵연료다발은 기존의 37개봉 핵연료다발 보다 임계채널 출력이 증가하며, 반경방향 출력분포의 평탄화로 인해 균일한 엔탈피 분포를 확보할 수 있게 된다. CANFLEX 핵연료다발 및 출구모관들의 상호연결관에 대한 SOPHT 모델을 개발하였으며, 이 모델을 이용하여 CANFLEX 핵연료다발이 장전된 월성 1호기의 유동 안정성 거동이 해석되었다. 해석결과, 열수송계통의 출구모관들의 상호연결관이 없을 경우에는 기존의 37개봉 핵연료다발과 같이 유동이 불안정함을 보였으며, 출구모관들의 상호연결관이 있을 경우에는 정격출력의 $\pm$1% 내에서 안정함을 보였다. 따라서 CANFLEX 핵연료다발의 월성 1호기 장전시 열수송계통의 유동안정성 측면에서는 건전할 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.452-459
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• 2015

Three synchronization issues, i.e., phase, frequency, and symbol time, have to be properly controlled to achieve distributed beamforming gain. In this paper, the impacts of synchronization errors in distributed beamforming are analyzed for both single-carrier and OFDM systems. When the channel is constant over a symbol duration, the performance degradation due to phase offset is the same for both single-carrier and OFDM systems. For symbol timing offset in OFDM systems, high frequency subcarriers are more susceptible as compared to low frequency ones. Frequency offset is critical in OFDM systems since it leads to interference from the other subcarriers as well as power loss in the desired signal.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.672-683
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• 1990

The line code for ISDN subscriber loops is a critical choice in designing U-interface transceiver, since it affects system performance in a crucial way. This paper provides the performance analysis of U-interface transceiver systems employing four different line codes AMI, MMS43, VMDB5, and 2B1Q. The codes are compared using computer simulation studies, and three performance parameters of the four codes such as power spectrum, eye width, and error probability are used for the comparison. The simulation model consists of the encoder, transmit filter (root-raised cosine filter), channel, receive filter, zero-forcing equalizer, sampler, and decoder. The near-end crosstalk and addive white gaussian noise are considered as teh principal impediments.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.4429-4445
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• 2019

As low-power and low-rate WSNs are being widely used for industrial applications, the scheduling of such applications becomes a critical issue to guarantee meeting the stringent requirements of determinism and tight latencies. This paper studies the link scheduling problem for real-time industrial applications in time-slotted channel hopping (TSCH) networks. We propose a heuristic algorithm for centralized link scheduling referred to as path-collision aware least laxity first (PC-LLF) algorithm, which dynamically prioritizes the packets based on the laxity time to the end-to-end deadlines and the amount of collisions that messages might deal with along their designated paths to the destination device. We propose schedulability analysis of real-time applications scheduled under our prioritization approach over TSCH networks, based on the literature on real-time schedulability analysis of multiprocessors and distributed systems. We show that our methodology provides an improved schedulability condition with respect to the existing approaches. Performance evaluation studies quantify to quantify the performance of our proposed approach under a variety of scenarios.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.21-32
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• 2008

Cognitive radio (CR) has been proposed as an effective technology for flexible use of the radio spectrum. The interference between primary users and CR users, however, becomes a critical problem when they are using adjacent frequency channels with different transmission power levels. In this paper, a robust CR orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) architecture, which can effectively suppress interference to nearby primary users and overcome adjacent channel interference (ACI) to the CR user, is proposed. This new approach is characterized by adaptive data repetition for subcarriers under heavy ACI, and adaptive time spreading for subcarriers near the borders of the CR user's spectrum. The data repetition scheme provides extra power gain against the ACI coming from primary users. Time spreading guarantees an acceptable interference level to nearby primary users. By computer simulation, we demonstrate that, under a CR environment, the proposed CR OFDM architecture outperforms conventional OFDM systems in terms of throughput and BER performance.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제61권1호
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• pp.179-185
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• 2012

Since the eco-era is getting closer, the importance of noise reducing in the passenger cars of high-speed train is very important. The active noise control is best choice to reduce low frequency noise because the passive one is too heavy for high speed trains where weight is so critical. Also ANC is able to reduce the ambient noise when the environmental-factor changes. To reduce a three-dimensional closed-space sound field like a car of a high-speed rail is hard to do using single channel ANC control system. We used multi-channel FXLMS algorithm which calculation speed is fast and the secondary path estimation is possible in order to take into account the physical delay in electro acoustic hardware control loudspeaker and power amplifier. Firstly, we have measured interior noise of KTX and estimated noise path in KTX test-bed. However there was some problem related to algorithm divergence and increasing the filter order. We have made a simulation of interior environment of KTX car by using three frequency bands of 120Hz, 280Hz, 360Hz as the most important for KTX ANC system. During this research the interior noise reduction of KTX car was made by using the multi-channel FXLMS algorithm. Reduction performance was evaluated and compared each other for open space section and tunnel section. in-situ experiment for the KTX noise reduction by proposed ANC was performed based on data obtained in simulation and they were compared for open space section and tunnel section as well.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.3-9
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• 2009

AMOLED 디스플레이는 LCD에 비해 넓은 시야각, 빠른 응답 속도, 박막화의 용이성 등의 많은 장점들을 갖고 있으나 불균일한 TFT의 전기적 특성과 전원선의 전압 강하에 의한 휘도 불균일, 잔상 현상 및 수명 등과 같은 많은 문제점들이 있다. 이 중에서 본 논문에서는 구동 TFT 소자의 hysteresis 현상에 의해 발생하는 가역적 잔상 현상을 개선하고자 한다. TFT의 hysteresis 특성을 개선하기 위해 게이트 산화막 증착 전에 표면 처리 조건을 변경하였다. 게이트 산화막 증착 전에 실시한 자외선 및 수소 플라즈마 표면 처리는 게이트 산화막과 다결정 실리콘 박막 사이의 계면 trap 밀도를 $3.11{\times}10^{11}cm^{-2}$로 감소시켰고, hysteresis 레벨을 0.23 V로 줄였으며 출력 전류 변화율을 3.65 %로 감소시켰다. 자외선 및 수소 플라즈마 처리를 행함으로써 AMOLED 디스플레이의 가역적 잔상을 많이 개선할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.