• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.87-97
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• 2022

The excessive settlement and deformation of disintegrated carbonaceous mudstone (DCM) embankments under dynamic loading have long been problems for engineers and technicians. In this work, the characteristics and mechanism of the plastic deformation of DCM under different degrees of compaction, water contents and confining pressures were studied by static triaxial, dynamic triaxial and scanning electron microscopy testing. The research results show that the axial stress increases with increasing confining pressure and degree of compaction and decreases with increasing water content when DCM failure. The axial strain at failure of the DCM decreases with increasing confining pressure and degree of compaction and increases with increasing water content. Under cyclic dynamic stress, the change in the axial stress level of the DCM can be divided into four stages: the stable stage, transition stage, safety reserve stage and unstable stage, respectively. The effects of compaction, water content and confining pressure on the critical axial stress level which means shakedown of the DCM are similar. However, an increase in confining pressure reduces the effects of compaction and water content on the critical axial stress level. The main deformation of DCM is fatigue cracking. Based on the allowable critical axial stress, a method for embankment deformation control was proposed. This method can determine the degree of compaction and fill range of the embankment fill material according to the equilibrium moisture content of the DCM embankment.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.157-162
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• 2005

We report the magnetic-field dependence of the irreversible magnetization of binary superconductor $MgB_2$. For the temperature region of $T\;<\;0.9T_c$, the contribution of the bulk pinning to the magnetization overwhelms that of the surface pinning. This was evident from the fact that the magnetization curves, M(H), were well described by the critical-state model without considering the reversible magnetization and the surface pinning effect. It was also found that the M(H) curves at various temperatures scaled when the field and the magnetization were normalized by the characteristic caling factors H$\ast$(T) and M$\ast$(T), respectively. This feature suggests that the pinning mechanism determining the hysteresis in M(H) is unique below $T\;=\;T_c$.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.42 no.6 s.277
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• pp.437-442
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• 2005

We fabricated BSCCO-2212 (2212) bulk superconductor by melt casting process, and evaluated the dependence of the critical properties on the temperature and cooling .ate of mold and the pouring methods of melt. It was observed that the critical current (Ic) of 2212 was significantly dependent on the pre-heating temperature of the mold. At the pre-heating temperature of $500^{\circ}C$ followed by air cooling condition, Ic of 48 A at 77 K was obtained which was higher than others processed at different temperatures. In addition, the Ic improved to 132 A when tilt casting method was applied. The improved Ic is probably due to the fact that the tilt casting reduced a turbulent flow of the melt during casting causing less porosity and more homogeneous microsructure. Critical temperature was measured to be 87-89 K after the first heat treatment and it improved to 90-91 K when subsequently heat treated at $650^{\circ}C$ in a nitrogen atmosphere. This improvement was considered to be due to an optimization of the oxygen content in the range of 8.16-8.2.

• Nonlinear Functional Analysis and Applications
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.35-45
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• 2024

In this paper, we study the existence and multiplicity of nontrivial solutions for a p-Kirchhoff equation involving critical Sobolev-Hardy exponent by using variational methods and we need to estimate the energy levels.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2014

The Sudanese construction sector is characterized by many small and large projects and high labor intensity, and accounted for 3.2% of the Sudanese country's GDP. The basic problems facing the Sudanese construction projects are the factors that affect on construction project performance. The objectives include identifying the factors affecting the performance of Sudanese construction projects, and to determine the critical factors. The literature review has been done to gather the information about the causes and their factors that affect on the performance of construction projects from the previous researches. The research methodology was conducted to gather the data by questionnaire which was examined to be reliable and valid according to statistical tests. The (34) factors were identified as factors affect on construction projects and the (10) factors were the critical factors which may lead to poor performance of Sudanese construction projects. This study has some conclusions such as the instrument for measuring the critical factors on the performance is reliable and valid, so the project management stage performance is 64.2%.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.41-50
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe what critical care nurses perceived about life-sustaining treatment at end of life. Methods: A qualitative content analysis method was utilized. The unit of analysis was interview text obtained from fifty critical care nurses of a general hospital. Results: Seven categories in two content areas were abstracted. In the negative perception area, the following five categories were abstracted: patients' suffering, dying with damaged dignity, patients' isolation from family members, regret about choosing life-sustaining treatment, and family members' burden. In the positive perception area, the following two categories were abstracted: willingness to sustain life and duty as family members. Conclusions: Nurses have better competencies pertaining to understanding patients' responses and suffering than any other health care professions do. Nurses should play an important role in advocating for patients and their family in the process of end-of-life care decision making.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.94-105
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• 2015

Purpose: The study purpose was to describe critical care nurses' attitudes toward hospice and palliative care and their related factors. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 175 critical care nurses who worked at a general hospital in Seoul participated via self-report survey. The Frommelt Attitude Toward Care of the Dying Scale was used to measure their attitudes, and a palliative care quiz for nursing was used to measure their knowledge about hospice and palliative care. Results: Education level, duration of nursing employment, duration of critical care nursing employment, and knowledge about hospice and palliative care were significantly associated with nurses' attitudes. In the multiple regression analysis, education level, and duration of nursing employment were significant predictors of nurses' attitudes. Conclusion: These findings suggest that education programs to improve nurses' knowledge about hospice and palliative care should be developed. These will help critical care nurses obtain a positive attitude toward hospice and palliative care.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.105-112
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the predictors of job stress in hospital nurses. The predictors of job stress were the subject's general characteristics, communication style, critical thinking disposition and job satisfaction. Methods: 294 nurses who had worked in a hospital participated in this study. The data were analysed with descriptive analysis methods including a t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. Results: The job stress score for nurses was 111.6. There was a statistically significant difference between job stress and marriage status (p<.001), education (p<.001), clinical career (p<.001), position (p<.001), communication style (p<.001), critical thinking disposition (p<.001), and job satisfaction (p<.001). Critical thinking disposition, job satisfaction and clinical career together accounted for 36.88% of the total variation in job stress. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, the development of a nursing intervention program that can lead to an improvement in critical thinking disposition is suggested.

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.74-75
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• 2012

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.524-534
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• 2018

This study assessed the biological and physicochemical hazards involved in establishing a hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) for canned seasoned Broughton's ribbed ark Scapharca broughtonii and examined the critical control points (CCPs) in the field. Following the basic principles of the HACCP system, the hazard-evaluation procedures were enacted during the production of canned seasoned Broughton's ribbed ark after field investigation of a seafood product company in Korea. CCPs were determined using canned seasoned Broughton's ribbed ark with the corresponding control measures. The HACCP system was applied to each step in processing the product. The results indicated that inspection of raw materials, filling, sterilization, and alien substance detection were the most important CCPs. These results can be used to prevent and control food safety problems in the production of canned seasoned Broughton's ribbed ark.