• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2022

Recently, research to classify human activity using imagery has been actively conducted for the purpose of crime prevention and facility safety in public places and facilities. In order to improve the performance of human activity classification, most studies have applied deep learning based-transfer learning. However, despite the increase in the number of backbone network models that are the basis of deep learning as well as the diversification of architectures, research on finding a backbone network model suitable for the purpose of operation is insufficient due to the atmosphere of using a certain model. Thus, this study applies the transfer learning into recently developed deep learning backborn network models to build an intelligent system that classifies human activity using imagery. For this, 12 types of active and high-contact human activities based on sports, not basic human behaviors, were determined and 7,200 images were collected. After 20 epochs of transfer learning were equally applied to five backbone network models, we quantitatively analyzed them to find the best backbone network model for human activity classification in terms of learning process and resultant performance. As a result, XceptionNet model demonstrated 0.99 and 0.91 in training and validation accuracy, 0.96 and 0.91 in Top 2 accuracy and average precision, 1,566 sec in train process time and 260.4MB in model memory size. It was confirmed that the performance of XceptionNet was higher than that of other models.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.77-89
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• 2020

Nowadays, urban townhouses are being developed in various forms according to the characteristics of different regions in consideration of the trends of the housing market. Misperceiving the needs of consumers or their characteristics as a house for living, however, they often end up becoming products that are not suitable for urban life or degraded on account of reckless regional development. It is so unfortunate that such trial and error keeps being repeated. Urban townhouses are advantageous because there is no such problem as either invasion of privacy or noise from neighbors, and it is possible to have one's own garden and enlarged parking space, obtain quality of grounding, and plan unique interior and exterior design. They are also equipped with the strengths of apartment houses as well, for example, the efficiency of joint control in crime and disaster prevention or security, architecture of diaphragm walls with the separation of gates, or the planning of common space like a central square or park. Therefore, there is a great chance that they can be developed as the types of urban housing. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to establish the basic direction of developing housing products right as space for urban life and maximize the roles of urban townhouses. By understanding their spatial as well as functional elements as a house for living, this author aims to provide a guideline for housing product development to realize urban townhouses that can meet consumer needs.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.199-204
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to broaden the understanding of the Security Services Industry Act, and also to examine the meanings of various phenomena by analyzing the media report big data rather than the researchers' perspective on the Security Services Industry Act. In the research method, this study searched for a keyword 「Security Services Industry Act」 that prescribes the security work as an important subject of crime prevention and maintenance of public order in Korea. The data was searched from 1990 to 2021 the BIG KINDS could provide. Also, for the concrete analysis during the period of data search, it was divided into settlement period(1976~2001), growth period-quantitative(2002~2012), and growth period-qualitative(2013~2021). In the results of this study, the media report perception of the Security Services Industry Act is continuously emphasizing the social roles and importance of private security according to the flow of time. The consequent marketability of private security will play great roles in the protection of people's lives and properties in the combination with various other industries in the future. However, the private security industry that provides public peace service together with the police, could be rising as an element that hinders the development of private security industry because of various social issues caused by legal regulations and illegal problems, so it would be necessary to more strengthen its responsibility and roles accordingly.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.109-142
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• 2005

This study was conducted to suggest the research domains of Criminal Psychology, which is needed to improve the disciplinary identity of the Korean Criminal Psychology. Some major textbooks of Criminal Psychology, Forensic Psychology, Legal Psychology are written by korean and foreign psychologists. Major definitions and research domains of Criminal Psychology was compared and reviewed. For aggregating the criminal psychological researches were studied by korean psychologists, a total of 211 articles and papers, which was published by Korean Psychological Association, 5 Sub-psychological Associations, and Korean Law Psychological Association, were reviewed. Several the major research domains in Criminal Psychology was suggested as follows: General psychological theories, aggression·anger·morality, adolescent delinquency, mind and motivations of criminals, victims, investigation techniques, testimony, assessment·counseling·correction·rehabilitation of criminals, prediction and prevention of crime.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.29-35
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• 2023

CCTV is used for various purposes such as crime prevention, public safety reinforcement, and traffic management. However, as the range and resolution of the camera improve, there is a risk of exposing personal information in the video. Therefore, there is a need for new technologies that can identify individuals while protecting personal information in images. In this paper, we propose histogram-based singular value decomposition for object identification and tracking. The proposed method distinguishes different objects present in the image using color information of the object. For object recognition, YOLO and DeepSORT are used to detect and extract people present in the image. Color values are extracted with a black-and-white histogram using location information of the detected person. Singular value decomposition is used to extract and use only meaningful information among the extracted color values. When using singular value decomposition, the accuracy of object color extraction is increased by using the average of the upper singular value in the result. Color information extracted using singular value decomposition is compared with colors present in other images, and the same person present in different images is detected. Euclidean distance is used for color information comparison, and Top-N is used for accuracy evaluation. As a result of the evaluation, when detecting the same person using a black-and-white histogram and singular value decomposition, it recorded a maximum of 100% to a minimum of 74%.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.13-20
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• 2023

This study conducted a digital forensic analysis of Signal and Telegram, two secure messengers widely used in the Android environment. As mobile messengers currently play an important role in daily life, data management and security within these apps have become very important issues. Signal and Telegram, among others, are secure messengers that are highly reliable among users, and they safely protect users' personal information based on encryption technology. However, much research is still needed on how to analyze these encrypted data. In order to solve these problems, in this study, an in-depth analysis was conducted on the message encryption of Signal and Telegram and the database structure and encryption method in Android devices. In the case of Signal, we were able to successfully decrypt encrypted messages that are difficult to access from the outside due to complex algorithms and confirm the contents. In addition, the database structure of the two messenger apps was analyzed in detail and the information was organized into a folder structure and file format that could be used at any time. It is expected that more accurate and detailed digital forensic analysis will be possible in the future by applying more advanced technology and methodology based on the analyzed information. It is expected that this research will help increase understanding of secure messengers such as Signal and Telegram, which will open up possibilities for use in various aspects such as personal information protection and crime prevention.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.477-496
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between rejection sensitivity and reactive aggression among college students, as well as to determine the mediating effects of self-concept clarity and hostile attribution bias on the relationship between rejection sensitivity and reactive aggression. A self-report questionnaire was conducted online for the purpose of gathering data from university students aged 18 years and older. A total of 250 participants were included in the analysis. SPSS 27.0 was used for data analysis to check the basic statistics of the variables, frequency analysis, reliability analysis, and correlation analysis. In addition, the model fit was checked using Amos 21.0, and the bootstrapping method verified the significance of the indirect effect. The results of this study are as follows. The results of this study are as follows. First, rejection sensitivity positively affects reactive aggression through self-concept clarity. Second, rejection sensitivity increases the hostile attribution bias, leading to an increase in reactive aggression. Third, rejection sensitivity positively influences reactive aggression in an indirect way by sequentially affecting self-concept clarity and hostile attribution bias. These findings have implications as they identify psychological factors that affect reactive aggression in college students. This suggests the importance of utilizing psychological interventions to address reactive aggression associated with social problems, such as crime, and provides a foundation for both treatment and prevention. Finally, implications for further research and limitations of this study are suggested.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.53-62
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• 2016

This paper is shown the new method using LED Light, which the light environment is upgraded the natural LED light in the area of Disaster Prevention and Safety Management (PDSD), which the events of deaths is reduced on the Suicide, the Infectious diseases, the safety accidents, the Traffic Accident, the crime, the fire, the Nature Disaster, and which the health and the environment and the safety is implemented using the value of the color LED Light. Research findings include,during 3 weeks in the November 2016, in the ten residents (average living 28.7 years, age 67.5 years) with depressive symptoms in the northern part of Seoul, according to the request of the user, the PDSD natural light LED lighting was installed in the home bedroom or the living room, expectations for the ability to restore physical and mental stability were high (88%), in the same way, after 1 week and 3 weeks, the physical and mental changes were compared and the results,84% in the first week and 90% in the third week and thereafter, the effect of relieving depression was high. We conclude that patients with depression have a good sleep, an uneasy feeling, a sense of security, a good night's sleep, and a good feeling. The PDSD LED Light is expected to contribute in the various areas, which reduced the suicides, which give increased immunity from infectious diseases, which give a crash to reduce accidents caused by negligence, which improve the safe operation of heavy vehicles in which a traffics accident incidence installed on the highest point, which improve the safety function on the 'safety way home' for the safety of the community, which due to fire gives alleviate the emotional anxiety of firefighters, which improve the environment for long-term control room working during decision making caused by natural disasters.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.38
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• pp.7-32
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• 2014

This study is aimed to analyze problems of police budgetary execution and to suggest better ways for establishing effective budget implementation as well as legitimacy of securing budget in the field of police work. For this purpose, this paper analyzed the annual reports on police budgetary execution, from 2009 to 2012, conducted by National Assembly Budget Office. In result, most parts of the police budgetary execution were not satisfied with the audit standard, and especially in terms of management of budgetary execution, it showed 40% in inappropriateness. In addition, excessive and underestimate appropriation in the police budgetary execution, which happened frequently in other offices, was recorded on the second place. 10% of the amount of budget was executed for ordinance violence. Given results analyzed from each division, Transportation Division occupied 40% of the amount of related problems and all of types in the field did not meet the audit standard, thus it is required to manage budgetary execution effectively. In terms of Public Safety Division, the problem was related to budgetary allocation prior to execution, such as overlap in other works, excessive and underestimate appropriation, and inappropriate business plans. Director General for Planning and Coordination did not meet the standard of law system maintenance, Given the light of the result of analyzing programs, traffic safety and securing communication was the most problematic and support for police administration, crime prevention and protecting the disadvantaged, educating professional police officers, and establishment of policing infrastructure were required to be reformed in sequence. In order to resolve these problems, it is demanded to check budgetary execution and the process in business plans on a regular basis. Additionally, in case of using budget in inappropriate parts, tough penality including reduction of budget in related to the local police should be implemented to increase the importance of budgetary execution. Moreover, because of the fact that a part of problem of budgetary execution was originally caused by the budgetary allocation, it is advised to allocate police budget using the budget proposal of National Finance Act and Ministry of Strategy and Finance.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.137-148
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• 2017

This study analyzed the opinions of residents for desirable urban regeneration and suggested an improvement plan for alley environments. This study conducted a questionnaire survey of the residents living in Alley Garden of Bisan 2,3-dong, Daegu Metropolitan City. In the analysis of the importance and satisfaction of Alley Garden components, items related to a safe, cleanly environment such as 'Lighting facility installation', 'Sewage and waste disposal' and 'CCTV installation' had a high level of importance. It was also found that items improved by the Residential Environment Improvement Project and Alley Garden such as 'Lighting facility installation', 'Quantity of herbaceous flowers' and 'Kinds of herbaceous flowers' had a high level of satisfaction. The IPA results showed that items such as 'Empty house maintenance', 'Rest facilities such as benches and pergolas', 'Space for resident interaction' and 'Public parking lot' had a high level of importance, but had a low level of satisfaction, which suggests that they should be improved by priority. As a result of factor analysis, Alley Garden components were classified into four factors: 'Safety and cleanliness', 'Greenness', 'Exchange and convenience facility' and 'Aesthetics renewal'. Based on this classification, a regression analysis was conducted regarding the effects of the four factors on overall satisfaction. Results showed that all four factors had a significant influence on the overall satisfaction and that 'Aesthetics renewal' and 'Safety and cleanliness', respectively showing levels of significance at 0.274 and 0.235, were highly influential to overall satisfaction. Therefore, it was concluded that spaces for resident interaction and rest facilities should be preferentially installed to improve the environment of alleys. For the improvement of the overall satisfaction of alley environments, it was also concluded that residents should be encouraged to engage in activities such as sculpture installation and mural drawing, along with the introduction of safety bells and crime prevention environment design and the implementation of alley beautification projects.