• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.57-62
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• 2014

This paper proposes a new optical recognition method of credit card numbers. Firstly, the proposed method segments numbers from the input image of a credit card. It uses the significant differences of standard deviations between the foreground numbers and the background. Secondly, the method extracts gradient features from the segmented numbers. The gradient features are defined as four directions of grayscale pixels for 16 regions of an input number. Finally, it utilizes an artificial neural network classifier that uses an error back-propagation algorithm. The proposed method is implemented using C language in an embedded Linux system for a high-speed real-time image processing. Experiments were conducted by using real credit card images. The results show that the proposed algorithm is quite successful for most credit cards. However, the method fails in some credit cards with strong background patterns.

• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.23-49
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• 2018

This study aims to consider the subject completion system based on high school credit system in State of California. To achieve research aims, this study analyzed a characteristics of curriculum of credit system in US, subject completion system based on high school credit system in State of California. Based on analysis results, this study search implications for implementing high school credit system in korea. For stable implement of High School Credit System, This study proposed that 'review of relevance of graduation requirement credit', 'effort in Metropolitan and Provincial office of education and School for establishing meaningful subject', 'taking follow-up action in accordance with setting of subject completion standard', 'qualitative improvement of student's subject selection', 'revitalization of career coaching for meaningful subject selection', 'setting of level on connectivity between high school curriculum and university entrance examination', 'a study on the in-depth follow-up about high school curriculum based credit system in foreign country'.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.71-83
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• 2008

Most researches on the corporate credit rating are generally classified into the area of bankruptcy prediction and bond rating. The studies on bankruptcy prediction have focused on improving the performance in binary classification problem, since the criterion variable is categorical, bankrupt or non-bankrupt. The other studies on bond rating have predicted the credit ratings, which was already evaluated by bond rating experts. The financial institute, however, should perform effective loan evaluation and risk management by employing the corporate credit rating model, which is able to determine the credit of corporations. Therefore, in this study we present a medium sized corporate credit rating system by using Artificial Neural Network(ANN) and Analytical Hierarchy Process(AHP). Also, we developed AHP model for credit rating using non-financial information. For the purpose of completed credit rating model, we integrated the ANN and AHP model using both financial information and non-financial information. Finally, the credit ratings of each firm are assigned by the proposed method.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.1569-1574
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• 2005

In this paper, I propose an intelligent credit rating system using a bankruptcy prediction model based on support vector machines (SVMs). SVMs are promising methods because they use a risk function consisting of the empirical error and a regularized term which is derived from the structural risk minimization principle. This study examines the feasibility of applying SVM in Predicting corporate bankruptcies by comparing it with other data mining techniques. In addition. this study presents architecture and prototype of intelligeht credit rating systems based on SVM models.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.762-767
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• 2002

In this paper, We suggest Credit Card and On-line Financial Business Method Using on Wireless Terminal. First, wireless mobile terminal of credit card member is received suity code from dealing verification system of credit card company. Second, a credit card member give security code to member store. Third, the security code is compared with security code of the member in dealing verification system of credit card company.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.797-800
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• 2009

RFID enabled credit cards are becoming increasingly popular as contactless credit cards. We envision a future where RFID credit cards will be used for online shopping. RFID system has tremendous potential to render electronic payments more secure than normal credit cards. The word RFID enabled credit cards may bring in mixed passion, enthusiasm and perhaps even rage! This is partly paranoia and partly reality. The reality is that an intruder can read RFID cards without the user even noticing it. This brings in a zone of discomfort and leads to paranoia. Certain interactivity should exist to bring back this comfort to the user. This paper tries to make an effort in that direction. In this paper we propose mobile phone based architecture for secured electronic payments using RFID credit cards.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.7
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• pp.59-72
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• 2020

This paper examines whether lending structure can lower credit risk by employing econometric techniques of panel data for the Vietnamese banking system at the bank level used by economic sectors from 2011 to 2016. New light is being shed on assessing the impact of each industry's debt outstanding on credit risk. Adopting findings from previous studies, we assess credit risk from two different sources, including loan loss provision and non-performing loan. Moreover, we also focus on observing lending structure in many different aspects, from concentrative levels to the short-term and long-term stability levels of lending structure. The Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimator was applied to analyze the relationship between concentration and banking risks. In general, the results show that lending concentration may decrease credit risk. It is interesting to observe that the Vietnamese commercial bank lending portfolios have, on average, higher levels of diversity across different sectors. In particular, the increase in hotel and restaurant lending contributes to decrease credit risk while the lending portfolios of banks in agriculture, electricity, gas and water increase credit risk. This study suggests the need for further analysis and research about portfolio risks in lending activities for maintaining efficiency and stability in the commercial banking system.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.277-280
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• 2000

Credit evaluation is one of the most important and difficult tasks fur credit card companies, mortgage companies, banks and other financial institutes. Incorrect credit judgement causes huge financial losses. This work describes the use of an evolutionary-fuzzy system capable of classifying suspicious and non-suspicious credit card transactions. The paper starts with the details of the system used in this work. A series of experiments are described, showing that the complete system is capable of attaining good accuracy and intelligibility levels for real data.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.125-135
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• 2000

Many different statistical and artificial intelligent techniques have been applied to improve the predictability of credit rating. Hybrid models and systems have also been developed by effectively combining different modeling processes or combining the outcomes of individual models. In this paper, we introduced the rough set theory and developed a hybrid credit rating system that combines individual outcomes in terms of rough set theory. An experiment was conducted to compare the prediction capability of the system with those of other methods. The proposed system based on rough set method outperformed the others.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.65 no.6
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• pp.923-933
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• 2016

This paper proposes a new method for evaluating Effective Load Carrying Capability(ELCC) and capacity credit(C.C.) of power system including Wind Turbine Generator(WTG) combined with Battery Energy Storage System(BESS). WTG can only generate electricity power when the fuel(wind) is available. Because of fluctuation of wind speed, WTG generates intermittent power. In view point of reliability of power system, intermittent power of WTG is similar with probabilistic characteristics based on power on-off due to mechanical availability of conventional generator. Therefore, high penetration of WTG will occur difficulties in power operation. The high penetration of numerous and large capacity WTG can make risk to power system adequacy, quality and stability. Therefore, the penetration of WTG is limited in the world. In recent, it is expected that BESS installed at wind farms may smooth the wind power fluctuation. This study develops a new method to assess how much is penetration of WTG able to extended when Wind Turbine Generator(WTG) is combined with Battery Energy Storage System(BESS). In this paper, the assessment equation of capacity credit of WTG combined with BESS is formulated newly. The simulation program, is called GNRL_ESS, is developed in this study. This paper demonstrates a various case studies of ELCC and capacity credit(C.C.) of power system containing WTG combined with BESS using model system as similar as Jeju island power system. The case studies demonstrate that not only reasonable BESS capacity for a WTG but also permissible penetration percent of WTG combined with BESS and reasonable WTG capacity for a BESS can be decided.