• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.5-9
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• 2014

Over the past ten years, since the introduction of the side crash test regulation in Europe, much research work has been performed internationally to develop new and modified test procedures to improve the level of occupant protection offered by vehicles in side crash test. This research has been co-ordinated and finally contributed to development of an AE-MDB(Advanced European Moving Deformable Barrier) and WorldSID (Worldwide Side Impact Dummy). EuroNCAP(European New Car Assessment Program) has the plan to conduct AE-MDB side crash test using WorldSID from 2015 by replacing Progressive MDB and EuroSID II. Automobile manufacturers need to respond to these changes closely. This paper is to find dominant control factor and analyze it of WorldSID 50%ile dummy injury through AE-MDB side crash test by predicting best and worst condition. And control factors will be validated within EuroNCAP regulations. This paper is analyzed by DFSS(Design for six sigma) which contains 5 control factors and is evaluated by ANOVA with the data as a result of LS-DYNA analysis correlated with crash pulse from 50 kph AE-MDB side crash test using WorldSID 50%ile dummy.

• Advances in Automotive Engineering
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.61-77
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• 2018

In this study, the effects of sitting position of the driver on the whiplash neck injury have been analyzed experimentally by using hybrid III series 50 percentile male crash test dummy. A testing platform consisting of vehicle ground, driver foot rest, driver seat and a 3-point seatbelt has been prepared. This testing platform and the instrumented crash test dummy are prepared for tests according to the Euro NCAP whiplash testing protocol. The prepared test set-up has been exposed to 3 different acceleration-time loading curves defined in the Euro NCAP whiplash testing protocol by performing sled tests. 9 different sled tests have been performed with the combinations of 3 different seating positions of the crash test dummy and 3 different acceleration-time loading curves. The sensor data obtained from the crash test dummy and high-speed videos taken are analyzed according to the injury assessments criteria defined in the Euro NCAP whiplash testing protocol and the criticality of the whiplash injury is defined. It is seen that the backset distance of the driver head with the headrest and the height difference of the top of the head of the driver with the headrest have a great importance on whiplash injuries.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.49-57
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• 2008

The performance of crash cushion systems is certified through the full scale crash tests by the standard for installation and maintenance guidelines for roadside safety appurtenance. The impact severities of impacting vehicles in collision with crash cushion systems are rated by indices THIV and PHD. Crash test results are considered to study the performance of three crash cushion systems. In case of the frontal impact or the offset frontal impact, the results show that THIV values of three systems are very close to the threshold limit for the occupant protection. Also, the results show that PHD would be improper for the occupant protection performance index. In order to improve the occupant protection performance of crash cushions, ASI needs to be included in the impact severity index.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.231-236
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• 2002

Todays, crash safety requirements of the railway vehicle structures become important design criterion according to the increased driving speed and the lightweight construction. Although the crash analysis using computer simulation can be effectively applied to predict the crash performance of the railway vehicles in the early design stage, the optimized design w.r.t the crash safety could be realized by the crash tests with actual prototype vehicles. However, it is very expensive and time-consuming task to perform the crash test of the railway vehicles. As a measure to cope with the problem, in this paper, the scale modeling technique is suggested and experimentally verified to predict the impact energy absorption characteristics of full scale model of aluminum extrusions sub-structures and the high-speed railway vehicle structure.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.7 no.9
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• pp.203-211
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• 1999

The research committee for automobile repairs (RCAR), an international body of insurance research centers, has adopted the typical low speed crash test based on an average damage level in crash accidents to estimate the damageability , repairability and safety. The characteristics of body acceleration and the probability of injury are investigated based on damaged components, accelerations of body and injured dummy to analyze damageability and the driver's safety under low speed crash environment. It is found from the experimental results that the probability of head and thorax injuries are very low comparing to the injury criteria of FMVSS No.208. Furthermore, it is suggested that the deployment of airbag may not be necessary at RCAR low speed frontal crash test.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.79-83
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• 2006

The present low speed crash regulations and RCAR test for insurance estimate do not tend to reflect car crash occurred on a road. Therefore, car makers are trying to readjust test standard be similar to a real situation. Passenger cars and SUV vehicles on the market will be subject to this study for car to car crash. In addition, we will discuss improvement of test methods for a low speed crash and direction of bumper design by performing this impact analysis.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.60-66
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• 2024

Computer simulation significantly reduces the high costs associated with actual crash tests and is expanding due to its ability to analyze various test results quantitatively that are difficult to measure in real tests. Research on evaluation technologies is limited according to the finite element analysis, which aims to replace structural verification testing. In this study, considerations for virtual crash tests were derived, and the validity of the zero-energy mode (hourglass mode) was analyzed as part of the considerations for validating the results of vehicle crash simulations. The study reflects on the considerations for virtual crash tests and the variation in hourglass coefficient values affects the occurrence of the hourglass mode. As the hourglass coefficient changes, the maximum hourglass energy reaches over 5% of the maximum internal energy, necessitating a conservative review. A comprehensive study of the maximum hourglass energy is required, considering additional analysis results for various models and collision conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.120-126
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• 2018

The traffic accident types are largely classified into vehicle to vehicle accident, vehicle-to-person accident and single-vehicle. Especially, the single-vehicle accident types are severe when the vehicle crashed into road facilities such as bridge, piers, utility poles. The severity of single-vehicle accidents are ten times higher than that of all other accidents types. It is needed to consider to reduce accident severity. This study was conducted to develop crash worthy safety design facility to ensure the vehicle occupant safety. The simulation and the crash tests were conducted for assessment of the safety performance to check the criteria of CC2(Crash Cushion 2) level. THIV(Theoretical Head Impact Velocity) and PHD(Post-impact Head Deceleration) were used to assess occupant impact severity for crashes. The non-redirection collision test conditions for 900 kg and 1,300 kg-head on crash tests, 900 kg-1/4 offset crash tests, 1,300 kg-head on crash test with $15^{\circ}$angle were conducted. The simulation and experiment test result showed that THIV values were below 44 km/h criterion, PHD values were below the 20G. The development non-redirective crash cushion is expected to be used for the fixed object such as bridge piers for assuring occupant safety.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.101-109
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• 2000

Occupant protection in the side impact of a car became one of the most important issues of car crashworthiness due to high injury level in a side impact crash. An accurate simulation of the side impact crash is an essential tool for the reduction of development time and cost for side impact safety system. This paper describes a new test methodology that can accurately generate the crash pulses of a vehicle and a door in a very cost-effective manner, and then evaluates the injury values of the dummy for the various sled pulses. This test methodology is simple and easy to approach because the door velocity is controlled by the hydraulic actuator and brake and the seat velocity is only adjusted by the friction force of the hydraulic brake. The superiority of the proposed test methodology is proven by the evaluation of dummy's injury values according to the change of the pressure of the hydraulic brake and by the application as a tool for the development of side airbag.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.343-349
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• 2013

Crashworthy fuel cells have a great influence on improving the survivability of crews. Since 1960's, the US army has developed a detailed military specification, MIL-DTL-27422, defining the performance requirements for rotorcraft fuel cells. In the qualification tests required by MIL-DTL-27422, the crash impact test should be conducted to verify the crashworthiness of fuel cell. Success of the crash impact test means the improvement of survivability of crews by preventing post-crash fire. But, there is a big risk of failure due to huge external load in the crash impact test. Because the crash impact test itself takes a long-term preparation efforts together with costly fuel cell specimens, the failure of crash impact test can result in serious delay of a entire rotorcraft development. Thus, the numerical simulations of the crash impact test has been required at the early design stage to minimize the possibility of trial-and-error with full-scale fuel cells. Present study performs the numerical simulation using SPH(smoothed particle hydro-dynamic) method supported by a crash simulation software, LS-DYNA. Test condition of MIL-DTL-27422 is reflected on analysis and material data is acquired by specimen test of fuel cell material. As a result, the resulting equivalent stresses of fuel cell itself are calculated and vulnerable areas are also evaluated.