• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.245-250
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• 2019

Background: This study was designed to evaluate the clinical safety of Bee Venom (BV) pharmacopuncture at craniofacial acupuncture points. Methods: This was a retrospective study of 108 patients diagnosed with peripheral facial paralysis, trigeminal neuralgia, or facial spasm who were admitted to Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital at Gangdong, from April 1st, 2017 to August 30th, 2017. Patients were allocated into either, Group 1 (the non-allergy group of patients who did not have an allergic reaction to BV) or Group 2, the group who had allergic reactions to BV. To evaluate the clinical safety of BV pharmacopuncture after each treatment, several criteria were used to measure any side effects: outcome, Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events scale, Mueller HL scale, treatment decision after adverse reaction, causality, measures performed for patients with adverse reactions, and efficacy assessment. Results: BV pharmacopuncture delivered in 0.1-0.2 mL at a concentration of 1:30,000 at the craniofacial acupuncture points, showed no statistically significant differences in baseline characteristics between non-allergy Group 1 and allergy Group 2. Amongst the 108 patients, 11 reported side effects after BV pharmacopuncture treatment. These adverse events included rash (n = 7), pruritus (n = 5), swelling (n = 1), vesicles (n = 1), erythema (n = 1), and hives (n = 1). All side effects resolved without sequelae. Conclusion: In this study, BV pharmacopuncture delivered at low doses at the craniofacial acupuncture points, resulted in 10% of patients experiencing non serious side effects suggesting that BV pharmacopuncture was clinically well tolerated.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.62-64
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• 2010

Purpose: Lobular capillary hemangioma is a vascular tumor that commonly occurs as a cutaneous lesion. Intravenous pyogenic granuloma is a rare form of lobular capillary hemangioma that usually occurs in the veins of the neck and the upper extremities. Methods: A 41-year-old man presented with 3 months history of nodules on the left temporal area and these lesions were clinically mistaken for a typical lipoma or epidermal cyst, but the nodules appeared unusually vascular with sentinel veins on excision. Results: On the histopathologic examination, the excised tissue was observed as an intraluminal polypoid mass, which was attached to the vein via a fibrovascular stalk and capillaries in a loose edematous fibromyxoid stroma, and so the lesions were confirmed to be intravenous pyogenic granuloma. At 6 months after excision, there has been no recurrence and the patient is asymptomatic. Conclusion: Intravenous pyogenic granuloma is a rare variant of lobular capillary hemangioma. This article describes the surgical and histopathological findings of treating pyrogenic granuloma.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.89-92
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• 2022

Post-traumatic pseudoaneurysms of internal maxillary artery are rare, but may be life-threatening. When arterial damage leads to pseudoaneurysm formation, delayed intractable epistaxis can occur. We report our experience with the diagnosis and management of a ruptured internal maxillary arterial pseudoaneurysm that was discovered preoperatively in a patient with a zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fracture. He presented to the emergency room with epistaxis, which ceased shortly, and sinus hemorrhage was observed with a fracture of the posterior maxillary wall. The patient was scheduled for open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of the ZMC fracture. However, immediately before surgery, uncontrolled epistaxis of unknown origin was observed. Angiography indicated a pseudoaneurysm of the posterior superior alveolar artery. Selective endovascular embolization was performed, and hemostasis was achieved. After radiologic intervention, ORIF was successfully implemented without complications. Our case shows that in patients with a posterior maxillary wall fracture, there is a risk of uncontrolled bleeding in the perioperative period that could be caused by pseudoaneurysms, which should be considered even in the absence of typical symptoms.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.1101-1110
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• 2023

Streptococcus mutans is the primary causative agent of caries, which is one of the most common human diseases. Thus, rapid and early detection of cariogenic bacteria is critical for its prevention. This study investigated the combination of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and microfluid technology to quantitatively detect S. mutans. A low-cost, rapid microfluidic chip using LAMP technology was developed to amplify and detect bacteria at 2.2-2.2 × 10⁶ colony-forming units (CFU)/ml and its detection limits were compared to those of standard polymerase chain reaction. A visualization system was established to quantitatively determine the experimental results, and a functional relationship between the bacterial concentration and quantitative results was established. The detection limit of S. mutans using this microfluidic chip was 2.2 CFU/ml, which was lower than that of the standard approach. After quantification, the experimental results showed a good linear relationship with the concentration of S. mutans, thereby confirming the effectiveness and accuracy of the custom-made integrated LAMP microfluidic system for the detection of S. mutans. The microfluidic system described herein may represent a promising simple detection method for the specific and rapid testing of individuals at risk of caries.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.73-80
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• 2013

It is important to distinguish deformational plagiocephaly from craniosynostosis, the two conditions are different with respect to clinical progression and treatment options. Deformational plagiocephaly is diagnosed based on the patient's medical history and physical examination. Until recently, there has been no standardized method of evaluation. Visual assessment, anthropometric assessment, digital scanning, and radiologic evaluation are mostly commonly used modalities for diagnosis and assessment. Treatment of deformational plagiocephaly requires an understanding of natural progression of the disease. Deformational plagiocephaly should be classified according to its severity before the proper method and time for treatment are determined. Treatment includes repositioning, physiotherapy and remodeling with the use of orthotic devices. In general, repositioning is preferred for patients younger than six months old while treatment with the use of orthotic devices such as helmet is preferred for patients over six months old. Moreover, treatment with the use of orthotic devices is also favored for severe plagiocephaly. There is continuing research on the relation between deformational plagiocephaly and developmental delay.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.117-122
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• 2004

The present study was carried out to establish a short-term teratogenicity study for detecting developmental toxic potential induced by gamma radiation in ICR mice. Pregnant mice were exposed at dose levels of 0, 0.5, 1, 2, or 4 Gy on gestational day 8.5. All dams were subjected to caesarean section on gestational day 10.5 and their embryos were examined for growth, differentiation, and morphological abnormalities. An increase in the number of resorption was found at 4 Gy in a dose-dependent manner. Dose-dependent decreases in the developmental score of yolk sac circulation and olfactory system at above 1 Gy, in the number of somite pairs and developmental score of allantois, optic system, and maxillary process at above 2 Gy, and in the all growth and developmental parameters examined at 4 Gy were found. Various types of morphological abnormalities were seen at dose levels of 0.5 Gy or greater. Characteristic malformations induced by gamma radiation were abnormal axial rotation, hematoma, craniofacial hypoplasia, open neuropore, shortened prosencephalon, kinked somites, irregular somites, swelling, hydropericardium, absent branchial bar, and absent limb bud. Morphological alterations such as hematoma, craniofacial hypoplasia, open neuropore, and kinked somites were noted even in the lowest dose (0.5 Gy). These results indicated that the short-term teratogenicity study established in this study can be a useful tool for not only detecting the developmental toxic potential induced by gamma radiation, but also screening radio-protective agents in ICR mice.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.44-47
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• 2024

Recurrent parotid sialocele is rare and challenging to treat. Treatment options are limited for cases of parotid sialocele that recur despite ductal ligation. This case study presents a patient who underwent wide excision of the right buccal mucosa due to squamous cell carcinoma. During the wide excision, a segment of the parotid duct was excised, and ductal ligation was performed to prevent the occurrence of a sialocele, followed by reconstruction using a folded anterolateral thigh free flap. Twenty-two days after surgery, parotid sialocele occurred despite the initial ductal ligation and subsequent ductal ligation was performed; however, the sialocele recurred. As an alternative therapeutic option, a transdermal scopolamine patch was applied for 3 weeks, with one patch used every 3 days. The results were encouraging, with complete resolution of the sialocele. A transdermal scopolamine offers a noninvasive, convenient method of treating parotid sialocele with minimal side effects. The successful outcome of this case suggests that a transdermal scopolamine can be an effective therapeutic option for recurrent parotid sialocele in conjunction with surgical treatment.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.51-61
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• 2024

Background: The influence of smoking on nonsyndromic clefts has been a topic of research for many years. However, few studies have investigated the effect of smoking on causing clefts in different gene pools. Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted of case-control studies related to smoking. Keywords such as "clefts," "cleft lip," "cleft palate," "orofacial cleft," and "smoking" were used to search the MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Results: In total, 51 articles were reviewed. The RevMan software was utilized for the analysis, and the Mantel-Haenszel method was employed to pool the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals. Although the overall OR, a measure of the association between exposure and outcome, was higher for smokers than for non-smokers, this association was significantly stronger in individuals from Asia and South America (1.73), and lowest in Europe (1.31). Among active and passive smokers in Asia, the OR was approximately 0.93, indicating an equivalent impact from both types of smoking. Conclusion: This analysis indirectly suggests that restriction measures targeting both active and passive smoking are crucial in Asia.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.330-336
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• 2009

Objective: To examine the differences in lateral cephalometric characteristics between patients with dental protrusion and crowding in order to determine what factors affect dental protrusion or crowding while both malocclusion types are caused by large tooth size. Methods: Twenty nine individuals with dental protrusion and 22 individuals with dental crowding were enrolled in this study. All subjects had larger teeth than average and Class I molar relationships. Craniofacial characteristics and hyoid bone positions were determined from lateral cephalograms and compared between the two groups. Results: In the comparisons of craniofacial characteristics, the measurements indicating maxillary length and facial convexity showed greater values in the protrusion group than in the crowding group. Comparisons of hyoid bone positions showed that the hyoid bone was positioned more anteriorly and superiorly in the protrusion group than in the crowding group. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate that some craniofacial characteristics and tongue position may affect the development of dental protrusion or crowding; when an individual has large teeth, dental protrusion or crowding might be determined according to maxillary growth and tongue position.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.460-467
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• 2008

Pierre Robin sequence as a symptom triad of micrognathia, glossoptosis, and cleft palate results in upper airway obstruction and feeding problems. If mild, it is often managed in the prone position. When positional treatment fails, however, surgical intervention such as tongue-lip adhesion, tracheostomy, and mandibular distraction osteogenesis is mandatory to relieve airway obstruction. There has been growing interest in the application of distraction osteogenesis for the management of craniofacial abnormalities. The mandibular distraction osteogenesis to newborns may prevent the airway obstruction, decrease the potential tracheostomy, and reduce the likehood of orthognathic surgery after growth. We experienced an infant with Pierre Robin sequence who showed mandibular hypoplasia, glossoptosis, incomplete cleft palate, intermittent cyanos is, depression of the chest, and respiratory difficulty associated with airway obstruction. We treated the airway obstruction by tongue-lip adhesion at 2 weeks of age, and treated the mandibular retrognathism and depression of the chest byusing internal mandibular distraction osteogenesis at 7 month of age. The mandible moved forwardly, the upper airway space was enlarged, and the antero-posterior distance of the mandible was elongated after the mandibular distraction. Mandibular distraction osteogenesis may be a promising technique to avoid the need of tracheostomy and orthognathic surgery, and to correct airway obstruction in infants with congenital craniofacial malformation.