• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.136-145
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• 2006

The main purpose of the present study was to find the effect of short term creatine loading on repeated bouts of kicking, plasma creatine phosphokinase and anaerobic power in male taekwondo player from high school. Eighteen male were randomly assigned to two groups. They were tested before and after 6 days of placebo($4{\times}5$ glucose d-1, N=9) or Creatine monohydrate loading(consume 0.3g kg-1, N=9). Only creatine loading group were significantly increased of repeated bouts of kicking, plasma creatine phosphokinase and anaerobic power These results suggest that short creatine loading was effective diet protocol in taekwondo player from male high school.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.725-731
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• 2002

Hypoglycemic effects of $H_2O$ fraction of Alisma canaliculatum (Ac) with chromium (Cr) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were investigated. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: normal, diabetic-control, and three diabetic experimental groups. Diabetes mellitus was induced by injection of STZ (45 mg/kg) into tail vein, and $H_2O$ fraction of Ac and Cr were administrated orally to experimental rats for 14 days: Ac group (1,000 mg/kg), Cr-Ac group (Ac 1,000 mg/kg & Cr 100 mg/kg), and Cr group (100 mg/kg). Body weight losses were observed in all groups except the normal group, while the losses in experimental groups were significantly less than in diabetic-control group. The plasma glucose levels were significantly lower in Cr, Ac-Cr, and Ac groups compared to STZ-control group. Plasma cholesterol and TG levels of Ac-Cr group were significantly lower than those of diabetic-control group. Plasma HDL-cholesterol levels of three experimental groups were not significant compared to diabetic-control group, while the level of Cr group decreased more than diabetic-control group. The results suggest that there was no synergistic effect in the treatment of $H_2O$ fraction of Ac in combination with Cr, an indication that $H_2O$ fraction of Ac with Cr might possess some hypoglycemic and hypotriglyceridemic properties in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.191-200
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• 2005

The main purpose of the present study was to find the effect of short term creating loading on repeated bouts of kicking, plasma creating phosphokinase and anaerobic power in male taekwondo player from high school. Sixteen male were randomly assigned to two groups. They were tested before and after 6 days of placebo$(4{\times}5g\;glucose\;d^{-1},\;N=11)$ or Creatine monohydrate loading$(consume\;0.3g\;kg^{-1},\;N=11)$. Repeated bouts of kicking was tested through maximal front kicking continuously for 1 minute and took a rest for 30 seconds, after 30 seconds rest they should have to start kicking again. They repeated it 2 times more(total 3 sets) and the kicking times were measured each sets. Also, body composition, CPK, mean power and peak power were measured before and after experiment. The following results were obtained from this study; 1. The kicking test was significantly increased at 1, 2, 3 sets only in creatine loading group(p<.05, p<.01). 2. Only creatine loading group was significantly increased of plasma creatine phosphokinase(p<.01). 3. Only creatine loading group were significantly increased both of mean power and peak power(p<.05; p<.01). These results suggest that short creatine loading was effective diet protocol in taekwondo player from male high school.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.11 no.1_2
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• pp.49-57
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• 1996

The production of reactive oxygen species on addition of hexavalent chromium (potassium dichromate, $K_2Cr_2O_7$ ) to lung cells in culture was studied using flow cytometer analysis. A Coulter Epics Profile flow cytometer was used to detect the formation of reactive oxygen species after $K_2Cr_2O_7$ was added to A549 cells grown to confluence. The cells were loaded with the dye, 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate, after which cellular esterases removed the acetate groups and the dye was trapped intracellularly. Reactive oxygen species oxidized the dye, with resultant fluorescence. Increased doses of Cr(VI) caused increasing fluorescence (10-fold higher than background at 200 gM). Addition of Cr(III) compounds, as the picolinate or chloride, caused no increased fluorescence. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopic studies indicated that three (as yet unidentified) spectral "signals" of the free radical type were formed on addition of 20, 50, 100 and 200 gM Cr(VI) to the A549 cells in suspension. Two other EPR 'signals" with the characteristics of Cr(V) entities were seen at field values lower than the standard free radical value. radical value.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 1970

1. Sixteen normal healthy subjects free from occult blood in the stool were selected and administered with their $^{51}Cr$ labeled own blood via duodenal tube and the recovery rate of radioactivity in feces and urine was measured. The average fecal recovery rate was 90.7 per cent ($85.7{\sim}97.7%$) of the administered radioactivity, and the average urinary excretion rate was 0.8 per cent ($0.5{\sim}1.5%$) 2. There was a close correlation between the amount of blood administered and the recovery rate from the feces; the more the blood administered, the higher the recovery rate was. It was also found that the administration of the tagged blood in the amount exceeding 15ml was suitable for measuring the radioactivity in the stools. 3. In five normal healthy subjects whose circulating erythrocytes had been tagged with $^{51}Cr$, there was little fecal excretion of radioactivity (average 0.9 ml of blood per day). This excretion is not related to hemorrhage and the main route of excretion of such an negligible radioactivity was postulated as gastric juice and bile. 4. A comparison of the radioactivity in the blood and feces of the patients with $^{51}Cr$ labeled erythrocytes seems to be a valid way of estimating intestinal blood loss.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nutrition Society Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.56-56
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• 2001

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.627-632
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• 1992

The effect of dietary pectin in the upper gastrointestinal transit rate was studied. Rats fed fiber-free diet or 10% pectin diet were offered 51-$CrCl_3,$ a transit marker. The movement of 51-Cr dose through the gastrointestinal tract was measured at intervals from 20 minutes to 6 hours after dosing. pectin significantly increased gastric emptying rate upto 3 hours after dosing. Pectin also increased small intestinal transit rate from 3 hours to 4 hours after dosing. The results suggest that delayed gastric emptying is not likely the important aspect of the mechanism by which pectin could flatten the post-prandial response of serum glucose and insulin.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.164-173
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• 2015

To investigate the effect of lactic acid bacteria on the heavy metal adsorption from internal organs and blood, lactic acid bacteria were isolated from human feces. Some strains resistant to heavy metals were selected by incubation in agar media containing each of chrome and cadmium salts. Among them, a strain named KP-3 was ultimately chosen due to its higher growth rate in selective broth medium containing the heavy metals at the concentration of 0.01%. The strain was identified as Lactobacillus sp. based on its morphological, cultural and physiological characteristics. For evaluating the ability to prevent accumulation of heavy metals by selected Lactobacillus sp. strain in vivo, Sprague Dawley rats were fed with heavy metal salts (cadmium, chrome and lead) with or without cultured whole cells for 7 days. The amounts of heavy metals accumulated in liver, kidney and blood were analyzed. As a result, chrome was accumulated to kidney mostly, and lead was frequently found in liver and kidney. Experimental group (rats fed with lactic acid bacteria) showed less accumulation of heavy metal than control group (rats fed with saline solution). The inhibition rates of heavy metal accumulation were calculated to 41.8% (Cd), 33.4% (Cr) and 44.2% (Pb). Especially, feeding lactic acid bacteria strongly reduced accumulation of cadmium in blood. The results showed that feeding Lactobacillus sp. KP-3 could prevent the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in the living body.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.133-137
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• 1998

Purpose : To investigate renal toxicity of high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG) in children with Kawasaki disease and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Methods : 23 children with Kawasaki disease and 7 children with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura who were treated with high-dose IVIG(2 g/kg) were evaluated for the change of urine output, blood urea nitrogen(BUN), serum creatinine(Scr), creatinine clearance(Ccr), tubular reabsorption of phosphorus(TRP), fractional excretion of sodium(FENa), 24hour urine ${\beta}_2$-microglobulin/creatinine(${\beta}_{2}MG/cr$) ratio and urine microalbumin/creatinine(MA/cr) ratio at post-IVIG 1 and 3 day. Results : There was no significant change of urine output, BUN, Scr, Ccr, TRP, 24hour urine ${\beta}_{2}MG/cr$ and MA/cr ratio after high-dose IVIG treatment. Transient increase of FENa at post-IVIG 1 day was the only significant change. Conclusion : There was no significant renal toxicity of high-dose IVIG in children with Kawasaki disease and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura who had normal renal function.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.151-159
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• 2006

In these days, the importance of sludge treatment is emerging due to the London Convention, so this study was conducted to propose the alternatives for the improved sludge treatment on the organic wastewater and sewage sludge with JAR test and settling column equipped with stirrer. The minimum coagulant dosage to earn the optimum sludge settling efficiency resulted from 200mg/l and each critical sludge settling interface showed no distinct difference when PAC was dosed over 200mg/l. Accordingly, Clarification Rate(CR) with 200mg/l dosage was calculated to CR=(Ho-Ht) / Ho=1-0.4=0.6 because the critical sludge settling height stopped at 0.4. The settling velocity of sludge interface was decreased with the increase of MLSS concentration but rather increased with MLSS concentration over 1,000mg/l. This resulted from positive effect of interacted coagulation for floc formation by transfer to the zone of compressed settling when MLSS concentration increased over 1,000mg/l. The settling velocity of sludge interface showed $28.66{\times}10^{-3}/min$ for average settling velocity of sewage sludge which is 6.7 times higher than $4.25{\times}10^{-3}/min$ for average settling velocity of organic wastewater sludge. The increasing rate of CR for organic wastewater activated sludge was higher than that of settling velocity under 200mg/l of PAC dosage but settling velocity was higher than CR over 200mg/l of PAC dosage. However, in case of sewage sludge, the differential rate of CR was low when PAC dosage was increased but the settling velocity was suddenly increased with over 200mg/l dosage. Therefore coagulation effect was more efficient to MLSS settling velocity rather than SS removal effect in the supernatant.