• 패션비즈니스
• /
• 제18권5호
• /
• pp.116-133
• /
• 2014

This study is to research the characteristics of garment which are 'written(or described)' in fashion magazines. With examples particularly of Korea and Japan, this study aims at pointing out the similarities and differences described by modifier in oversea licensed fashion magazine. It is considered to be meaningful to provide fundamental document, which can estimate the aspects of fashion that has global features and localized characteristics. This is a follow-up of a previous study, covering its range of "Vogue Korea" and "VOGUE Japan" research document, and we researched on the materials that have been mentioned most frequently in each country from May to August of 2012. To target analyzing list of top 6 materials, we compared and analyzed the characteristics of the kind of material represented by Korean and Japanese fashion magazines and modifier's properties. As established in the previous study, to designate each contrary concept to a total of 8 groups as an analyzing frame, we researched the properties of each material and differences between Korea and Japan.

• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.233-244
• /
• 2019

In this work, we have studied the effects of different soil thicknesses, haunch heights, reinforcement forms and construction technologies on the seismic performance of a composite precast fabricated utility tunnel by pseudo-static tests. Five concrete specimens were designed and fabricated for low-cycle reciprocating load tests. The hysteretic behavior of composite precast fabricated utility tunnel under simulated seismic waves and the strain law of steel bars were analyzed. Test results showed that composite precast fabricated utility tunnel met the requirements of current codes and had good anti-seismic performance. The use of a closed integral arrangement of steel bars inside utility tunnel structure as well as diagonal reinforcement bars at its haunches improved the integrity of the whole structure and increased the bearing capacity of the structure by about 1.5%. Increasing the thickness of covering soil within a certain range was beneficial to the earthquake resistance of the structure, and the energy consumption was increased by 10%. Increasing haunch height within a certain range increased the bearing capacity of the structure by up to about 19% and energy consumption by up to 30%. The specimen with the lowest haunch height showed strong structural deformation with ductility coefficient of 4.93. It was found that the interfaces of haunches, post-casting self-compacting concrete, and prefabricated parts were the weak points of utility tunnel structures. Combining the failure phenomena of test structures with their related codes, we proposed improvement measures for construction technology, which could provide a reference for the construction and design of practical projects.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.335-342
• /
• 2021

2017년에 시작된 Loewe Craft Prize는 현재 전 세계에서 가장 권위 있는 공예 공모전으로 자리매김 하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 럭셔리 브랜드에서 시작된 Loewe Craft Prize가 4년이라는 짧은 시간 동안 모든 공예를 아우르는 최고의 공모전으로 발전한 배경에 주목하였다. 전세계적으로 다양한 공모전이 존재하는 공예에서 장르의 다양성과 재료의 한계가 없는 Loewe Craft Prize가 만들어 내고 있는 공예의 관심도는 어떠한 공모전도 이루어 내지 못한 실적이다. 이는 Loewe Craft Prize가 가지고 있는 공예에 대한 뚜렷한 가치관과 기존의 단일 재료로 구성된 공모전과는 차별화 된 복합 공모전을 형성, 발전시킴으로서 가능한 일이다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 결과가 나오게 된 배경인 재료의 융복합, 전통과 현대의 융합, 과학과 공예의 융합을 통한 사례들을 연구하였으며 작가들의 성향과 작품을 통한 현대 공예의 흐름에 대해 알아보았다. 또한 공예 장르의 확장이 가지고 있는 의미가 현대 공예에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 한다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제44권4호
• /
• pp.503-517
• /
• 2022

This paper presents the mechanical buckling of bi-directional functionally graded sandwich beams (BFGSW) with various boundary conditions employing a quasi-3D beam theory, including an integral term in the displacement field, which reduces the number of unknowns and governing equations. The beams are composed of three layers. The core is made from two constituents and varies across the thickness; however, the covering layers of the beams are made of bidirectional functionally graded material (BFGSW) and vary smoothly along the beam length and thickness directions. The power gradation model is considered to estimate the variation of material properties. The used formulation reflects the transverse shear effect and uses only three variables without including the correction factor used in the first shear deformation theory (FSDT) proposed by Timoshenko. The principle of virtual forces is used to obtain stability equations. Moreover, the impacts of the control of the power-law index, layer thickness ratio, length-to-depth ratio, and boundary conditions on buckling response are demonstrated. Our contribution in the present work is applying an analytical solution to investigate the stability behavior of bidirectional FG sandwich beams under various boundary conditions.

• 한국결정성장학회지
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.85-92
• /
• 2010

$SF_6$ 가스는 아크방지능력과 절연 특성이 탁월하기 때문에 단열, 세척, 차폐등과 같은 여러 공업적인 영역에서 널리 사용되고 있다. 그러나 $SF_6$의 지구온난화지수는 $CO_2$의 23,900배에 달하며 3,200년 이상 공기중에 잔존한다. 이러한 이유로 하이드레이트 형성 원리를 이용하여 복합 가스에서 $SF_6$를 분리해 내는 방법이 기술적, 경제적인 면에 영향을 끼칠 것이다. 본 연구에서 $SF_6$ 하이드레이트 결정의 형성과 성장에 대한 이해를 위하여 형태학적 분석을 수행하였다. $SF_6$ 하이드레이트 필름은 용액과 기상의 계면에서 먼저 생성되었고, 이후에 수지상 가지의 형태로 성장하는 것이 관찰 되었다. 수지상 성장 결정은 기상의 방향으로 성장하였는데 이것은 객체 분자의 농도 차이에 근거한 것으로 사료된다. 본 연구에서는 기/액 계면에서의 핵생성, 유동, 성장과 같은 $SF_6$ 하이드레이트 결정의 형태학적 특성에 대하여 기술하였다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2011년도 제41회 하계 정기 학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.293-294
• /
• 2011

It is known that semiconductor quantum-dot (QD) heterostructures have superior zero-dimensional quantum confinement, and they have been successfully applied to semiconductor laser diodes (QDLDs) for optical communication and infrared photodetectors (QDIPs) for thermal images [1]. The self-assembled QDs are normally formed at Stranski-Krastanov (S-K) growth mode utilizing the accumulated strain due to lattice-mismatch existing at heterointerfaces between QDs and cap layers. In order to increase the areal density and the number of stacks of QDs, recently, sub-monolayer (SML)-thick QDs (SQDs) with reduced strain were tried by equivalent thicknesses thinner than a wetting layer (WL) existing in conventional QDs (CQDs) by S-K mode. Despite that it is very different from CQDs with a well-defined WL, the SQD structure has been successfully applied to QDIP[2]. In this study, optical characteristics are investigated by using photoluminescence (PL) spectra taken from self-assembled InAs/GaAs QDs whose coverage are changing from submonolayer to a few monolayers. The QD structures were grown by using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on semi-insulating GaAs (100) substrates, and formed at a substrate temperature of 480$^{\circ}C$ followed by covering GaAs cap layer at 590$^{\circ}C$. We prepared six 10-period-stacked QD samples with different InAs coverages and thicknesses of GaAs spacer layers. In the QD coverage below WL thickness (~1.7 ML), the majority of SQDs with no WL coexisted with a small amount of CQDs with a WL, and multi-peak spectra changed to a single peak profile. A transition from SQDs to CQDs was found before and after a WL formation, and the sublevel of SQDs peaking at (1.32${\pm}$0.1) eV was much closer to the GaAs bandedge than that of CQDs (~1.2 eV). These revealed that QDs with no WL could be formed by near-ML coverage in InAs/GaAs system, and single-mode SQDs could be achieved by 1.5 ML just below WL that a strain field was entirely uniform.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.37-47
• /
• 2018

Purpose: The endoscopic management of a fully covered self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) has been suggested for the primary treatment of patients with anastomotic leaks after total gastrectomy. Embedded stents due to tissue ingrowth and migration are the main obstacles in endoscopic stent management. Materials and Methods: The effectiveness and safety of endoscopic management were evaluated for anastomotic leaks when using a benign fully covered SEMS with an anchoring thread and thick silicone covering the membrane to prevent stent embedding and migration. We retrospectively reviewed the data of 14 consecutive patients with gastric cancer and anastomotic leaks after total gastrectomy treated from January 2009 to December 2016. Results: The technical success rate of endoscopic stent replacement was 100%, and the rate of complete leaks closure was 85.7% (n=12). The mean size of leaks was 13.1 mm (range, 3-30 mm). The time interval from operation to stent replacement was 10.7 days (range, 3-35 days) and the interval from stent replacement to extraction was 32.3 days (range, 18-49 days). The complication rate was 14.1%, and included a single jejunal ulcer and delayed stricture at the site of leakage. No embedded stent or migration occurred. Two patients died due to progression of pneumonia and septic shock 2 weeks after stent replacement. Conclusions: A benign fully covered SEMS with an anchoring thread and thick membrane is an effective and safe stent in patients with anastomotic leaks after total gastrectomy. The novelty of this stent is that it provides complete prevention of stent migration and embedding, compared with conventional fully covered SEMS.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.126-136
• /
• 2009

목적: 견관절 자기 공명 영상에서 전방 및 외측 견봉 갈고리각을 측정하고 기존의 견봉 지표들과 비교하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2004년 6월에서 2005년 12월까지 수술을 통해 진단된 충돌증후군 환자를 대상으로, 동일한 시기에 충돌증후군 관련질환 이외의 원인으로 자기공명영상을 촬영한 대조군으로 선정하였다. 충돌증후군 환자군의 자기공명영상에 전방 견봉 갈고리각 (AAHA)과 측방 견봉 갈고리각 (LAHA), 그리고 견봉 갈고리지수 (AHI)를 측정하고 회전근개 파열환자군에 대해, 견봉형태, 견봉각, 전방덮임정도, 견봉경사, AAHA, 외측견봉각, 견봉염전각, 외측견봉굴곡각, LAHA, 외측덮임정도, 견봉상완거리, 견봉갈고리지수를 측정하여 대조군과 비교하였다. 결과: 충돌증후군 환자에서 단계가 진행할수록 AAHA, AHI는 증가하였다. 회전근개 파열환자에서 AAHA와 LAHA는 증가해 있었다. 단변량 분석에서는 견봉유형, 견봉각과 AAHA, LAHA, AHI가 회전근개 파열환자에서 대조군과 차이를 보였다. 다변량 분석에서는 성별, 연령, AAHA, 견봉각이 유의한 변수로 분석되었고 성별이 가장 큰 연관성이 있으며 연령, AAHA, 견봉각은 유사한 연관성을 보였다. 결론: 견봉의 형태는 사관상면의 특징이 회전근개 파열과 연관성을 가지므로 견봉성형술에서 견봉 측방 성형도 중요하다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.167-167
• /
• 1969

Two groups of esophagus graft were done in canine esophagus in 34 adult mongrel dogs. For the first group segmental replacement graft was done with fresh autologous pericardium tube, and for the second, patch graft was done utilizing fresh autologous pericardium, fresh homologous pericardium,and dacron piece. All eight dogs in the first segmental replacement graft group died 2 to 5 days after operation with severe empyema caused by anastomosis disruption. Among 26 patch graft dogs 2 died during operation and 7 died 13 to 18 days after operation. For the 17 long-term patch grafted survivors esophagography and postoperative weight check were done. Postoperative stool was collected and examined for dacron patch excretion. One, two, three, and four months postoperative long-term survivors were sacrificed to obtain specimens in each group respectively and the following observations were made.I. Survival; Autologous pericardium patch group showed no mortality but in homologous pericardium and dacron patch group only two thirds were long-term survivors. II. Postoperative swallowing; There was no case which demonstrated postoperative dysphagia. About half of the cases showed postoperative weight increase and in only 3 cases weight decrease followed operation. III. Dacron patch was excreted in the stool 8 to 23 days after operation. Animals which excreted dacron patch up to 9 days after operation all died of empyema due to anastomosis disruption.IV. Postoperative esophagogram; All esophagograms in each group showed no leakage of barium, no passage disturbances and no remarkable stenotic signs.V. Morphological findings; [A] Macroscopical findings; In one month group specimens of each group dense adhesion with surrounding structures was noted and luminal surface was smooth with contraction of the patched area. In two month groups anastomosis sutures were still exposed but patched area showed lesser abnormality. In three to four months groups sutures were covered completely and patched area showed only very slight signs of contraction. [B] Microscopic findings; In one month group luminal surface of the replaced tissue [transplanted tissue] showed almost complete epithelial covering that is composed of several layers of squamous cells with no evidence of keratinization. Basement membrane was also well distinct throughout. Slight to minimal inflammatory cells comprising of large mononuclears, lymphocytes and plasma cells were observed in the subepithelial fibrous stroma consisted entirely of loose fibrous tissue containing many newly formed capillaries and fibroblastic proliferation. Scattered suture granulomas were found, few of which became acutely inflamed. In two months group repairing process progressed with lesser degree of inflammatory cell infiltration and young capillary proliferation. Fibrous tissue was more matured showing even focal collagenization.Suture granuloma persisted but with lesser reactive changes. Epithelial covering was that of a mature non-keratinizing stratified squamous epithelium. In three and four months groups the replaced area showed essentially similar histological findings. However, subepithelial stroma still consisted entirely of connective tissue without evidence of smooth muscle regeneration. In this group, inflammatory cell infiltration was minimal or negligible. Among these patch materials autologous pericardium group showed the most satisfactory repairing process.The above mentioned results may signify the feasibility of autogenous pericardium patch graft in clinical esophageal surgery.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.168-186
• /
• 1969

Two groups of esophagus graft were done in canine esophagus in 34 adult mongrel dogs. For the first group segmental replacement graft was done with fresh autologous pericardium tube, and for the second, patch graft was done utilizing fresh autologous pericardium, fresh homologous pericardium,and dacron piece. All eight dogs in the first segmental replacement graft group died 2 to 5 days after operation with severe empyema caused by anastomosis disruption. Among 26 patch graft dogs 2 died during operation and 7 died 13 to 18 days after operation. For the 17 long-term patch grafted survivors esophagography and postoperative weight check were done. Postoperative stool was collected and examined for dacron patch excretion. One, two, three, and four months postoperative long-term survivors were sacrificed to obtain specimens in each group respectively and the following observations were made. I. Survival; Autologous pericardium patch group showed no mortality but in homologous pericardium and dacron patch group only two thirds were long-term survivors. II. Postoperative swallowing; There was no case which demonstrated postoperative dysphagia. About half of the cases showed postoperative weight increase and in only 3 cases weight decrease followed operation. III. Dacron patch was excreted in the stool 8 to 23 days after operation. Animals which excreted dacron patch up to 9 days after operation all died of empyema due to anastomosis disruption. IV. Postoperative esophagogram; All esophagograms in each group showed no leakage of barium, no passage disturbances and no remarkable stenotic signs. V. Morphological findings; [A] Macroscopical findings; In one month group specimens of each group dense adhesion with surrounding structures was noted and luminal surface was smooth with contraction of the patched area. In two month groups anastomosis sutures were still exposed but patched area showed lesser abnormality. In three to four months groups sutures were covered completely and patched area showed only very slight signs of contraction. [B] Microscopic findings; In one month group luminal surface of the replaced tissue [transplanted tissue] showed almost complete epithelial covering that is composed of several layers of squamous cells with no evidence of keratinization. Basement membrane was also well distinct throughout. Slight to minimal inflammatory cells comprising of large mononuclears, lymphocytes and plasma cells were observed in the subepithelial fibrous stroma consisted entirely of loose fibrous tissue containing many newly formed capillaries and fibroblastic proliferation. Scattered suture granulomas were found, few of which became acutely inflamed. In two months group repairing process progressed with lesser degree of inflammatory cell infiltration and young capillary proliferation. Fibrous tissue was more matured showing even focal collagenization. Suture granuloma persisted but with lesser reactive changes. Epithelial covering was that of a mature non-keratinizing stratified squamous epithelium. In three and four months groups the replaced area showed essentially similar histological findings. However, subepithelial stroma still consisted entirely of connective tissue without evidence of smooth muscle regeneration. In this group, inflammatory cell infiltration was minimal or negligible. Among these patch materials autologous pericardium group showed the most satisfactory repairing process. The above mentioned results may signify the feasibility of autogenous pericardium patch graft in clinical esophageal surgery.