• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2024

Objectives: The demand for dental care is expected to increase as the population ages. This study aimed to predict the utilization of dental implant care following the expansion of national health insurance benefits for dental implants. Methods: Multiple linear regression analysis was performed on HIRA big data open portal data and DNN-based artificial intelligence models to forecast the utilization of dental care in relation to the national health insurance coverage for dental implants. Results: National health insurance coverage of dental implants was found to be associated with the number of patients using dental implant services and demonstrated a statistical significance. The dental implant services utilization increased with the increased dental implant health insurance benefits for the elderly population, increased mean by region, increased number of dental institutions by region, and increased health insurance coverage rate for dental implants. However, the dental implant services utilization decreased with the increased number of older people living alone and increased size of dental institutions. Conclusions: With the expansion of the national health insurance coverage for dental implants, it is predicted that the utilization of dental implant medical services will increase in the future.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.61-75
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 도시계획시설로 조성되는 완충녹지가 $PM_{2.5}$(초미세먼지) 저감에 효과가 있는지를 규명하고, 도로변 완충녹지의 구조, 녹량(녹지용적), 식재유형에 따른 초미세먼지 변화량을 분석하여 초미세먼지 저감을 위한 완충녹지 조성 시 활용할 수 있는 요소들을 도출하는 것이었다. 연구대상지는 송파구를 선정하였고, 양재대로, 송파대로에 인접한 5개의 완충녹지에서 16개 조사구를 선정해 현장조사를 실시하였다. $PM_{2.5}$ 농도 측정결과, 조사구별 평균농도는 계절 상관없이 보도 $46.6{\mu}g/m^3$, 녹지 $45.5{\mu}g/m^3$, 주거지 $42.9{\mu}g/m^3$로 모두 도로($53.2{\mu}g/m^3$)보다 낮았으며, 주거지 농도 값이 가장 낮았다. 완충녹지의 농도 저감효과 확인을 위해 완충녹지의 녹량과 초미세먼지 상대비율간의 상관관계 분석결과, 교목과 관목 전체 녹량이 높은 그룹의 상대비율이 낮은 것으로 확인되어 완충녹지 녹량의 영향력을 증명했으며, 관목 부족형이 교목 부족형보다 농도상대비율이 더 높은 것으로 확인되어 관목의 영향이 더 큰 것으로 판단되었다. 교목과 관목의 식재구조에 따른 녹피율과 녹지용적계수가 복합적으로 $PM_{2.5}$ 농도 저감에 영향을 미치고 있었으며, 교목의 열수와 관목의 층위구조가 $PM_{2.5}$ 농도 저감에 중요한 영향요인으로 판단되었다. 특히, 초미세먼지 농도가 높은 겨울철 완충녹지의 $PM_{2.5}$ 농도저감 특성 분석결과, 관목의 녹피율이 중요한 요인이었다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제37권6_1호
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• pp.1757-1766
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• 2021

녹피율은 행정구역면적 대비 녹지가 피복된 면적의 비율로, 실질적인 도시녹화 지표로 활용되고 있다. 현재 녹피율은 토지피복지도를 기반하여 산출되는데, 토지피복지도의 낮은 공간해상도와 일정하지 않은 제작시기는 정확한 녹피율 산출과 정밀한 녹피분석을 어렵게 한다. 따라서 본 연구는 새로운 녹피율 산출방안으로 항공영상과 심층학습을 활용한 방안을 제안한다. 항공영상은 높은 해상도와 비교적 일정한 주기로 정밀한 분석을 가능하게 하며 심층 학습은 항공영상 내 녹지를 자동으로 탐지할 수 있다. 지자체는 매년 다양한 목적을 위해 유인항공영상을 취득하여 이를 활용해 신속하게 녹피율을 산출한다. 하지만 미리 취득된 유인항공영상은 취득 시기와 해상도, 센서와 같은 세부사항을 선택할 수 없어 정밀한 분석이 어려울 수 있다. 이러한 한계점은 다양한 센서의 탑재가 가능하고 낮은 고도의 비행으로 인해 고해상도 영상을 취득할 수 있는 무인항공기를 활용하여 보완될 수 있다. 이에 두 가지 항공영상으로부터 녹피율을 산출하였고 그 결과, 모든 녹지 유형으로 부터 높은 정확도로 녹피율을 산출할 수 있었다. 하지만 유인항공영상으로부터 산출된 녹피율은 복잡한 환경에서 한계가 있었다. 이를 보완하고자 활용한 무인항공영상은 복잡한 환경에서도 높은 정확도의 녹피율을 산출할 수 있었고 추가밴드 영상을 통해 더 정밀한 녹지 영역 탐지가 가능했다. 추후 기존 유인항공영상에 새로 취득한 무인항공영상을 보완적으로 사용해 녹피율을 효과적으로 산출할 수 있을 것이라 기대된다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2011

An experimental variable rate nursery sprayer was developed to adjust application rates for canopy volume in real time. The sprayer consisted of two vertical booms integrated with ultrasonic sensors, and variable rate nozzles coupled with pulse width modulation (PMW) based solenoid valves. A custom-designed microcontroller instructed the sensors to detect canopy size and occurrence and then controlled nozzles to achieve variable application rates. A spray delivery system, which consisted of diaphragm pump, pressure regulator and 4-cycle gasoline engine, offered the spray discharge function. Spray delay time, time adjustment in spray trigger for the leading distance of the sensor, was measured with a high-speed camera, and it was from 50 to 140 ms earlier than the desired time (398 ms) at 3.2 km/h under indoor conditions. Consequently, the sprayer triggered 4.5 to 12.5 cm prior to detected targets. Duty cycles of the sprayer were from 20 to 34 ms for senor-to-canopy (STC) distance from 0.30 to 0.76 m. Outdoor test confirmed that the nozzles were triggered from 290 to 380 ms after detecting tree canopy at 3.2 km/h. The spray rate of the new sprayer was 58.4 to 85.2% of the constant application rate (935 L/ha). Spray coverage was collected at four areas of evergreen canopy by water sensitive papers (WSP), and ranged from 1.9 to 41.1% and 1.8 to 34.7% for variable and constant rate applications, respectively. One WSP area had significant (P < 0.05) difference in mean spray coverage between two application conditions.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.39-50
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• 2001

한국잔디의 종자 및 영양체를 이용한 carpet 잔디 생산체계 확립은 한국잔디의 고성 효율과 이용 증대를 높일 수 있는 유용한 방법이다. 또한 덧파종 기법을 이용해 한국잔디류의 carpet 잔디를 생산하는 것도 효율적인 carpet 잔디 생산 및 푸른 기간 연장의 가능성을 제시할 수 있다고 생각한다. Z. japonica cv. Zenith 종자를 이용해 carpet 잔디를 생산시 6g/$m^2$ 파종시 가장 효율적으로 확인되었으며, 영양체를 이용할 경우는 초종에 따라 피복률에 차이를 보였다. 사용한 초종 중 중엽 Z. japonica가 우수한 피복률을 보였으며, 영양체 사용량에 있어서는 2.5L/$m^2$을 사용하고, 영양체의 길이는 3~4마디씩 잘라서 이용할 때 효과적으로 나타났다. 덧파종용 한지형 잔디로는 발아속도가 빠른 퍼레니알라이그라스가 효과적이었으며, 적절한 덧파종 시기는 9월 중순이 효과적이라고 생각된다. 덧파종을 통해 carpet 잔디의 생산기간을 단축할 수 있으며, 푸른 기간을 연장할 수 있을 것으로 생각되나, 조성 후 고관리 등의 문제점을 해결해야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.70-79
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• 2005

Background: Abdominal compartment syndrome has multiple etiologies that are not only related to trauma but also any problem condition in the absence of abdominal injury. To determine whether prevention of the abdominal compartment syndrome after celiotomy for trauma victims justifies the use of temporary abdominal coverage with monofilament knitted polypropylene mesh (Malex mesh) in severely injured patients. Method: Medical records at the Ajou University Medical Center were reviewed for a 32-month period from May 1st, 2002 to December 31st, 2004. Twenty-nine consecutive patients requiring celiotomy who were survived until at the end of celiotomy received temporary abdominal coverage and staged abdominal repairs with Malex mesh. One of them was dissecting aortic aneurysm patient and the others were all trauma victims. Malex mesh prosthesis coverage was used in cases of abdominal compartment syndrome due to excessive fascial tension, severe bowel edema and retroperitoneal hemorrhage or edema followed by staged abdominal repairs. Result: Eighteen of twenty-nine patients were survived. Demographic characteristics, injury severity number of abdominal-pelvic bone injuries, mortality rate, complications, number of operations for permanent closure, required time for permanent closure showed no difference between man and women or child and adult. Except one dissecting aortic aneurysm patient, trauma cases showed $3.24{\pm}0.98$ injury sites. All cases that received temporary abdominal coverage and staged abdominal repairs did not show abdominal compartment syndrome. $10.08{\pm}5.85$ days and $2.27{\pm}0.82$ times of operation required making permanent abdominal closure after temporary abdominal coverage followed by staged abdominal repairs. Most of surviving patients have shown antibiotic-resistant organism and fungus infection. Patients who received permanent closure recovered from infectious problem completely. Conclusion: The use of Malex mesh for temporary abdominal coverage in severely injured patients undergoing celiotomy was effective treatment method.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.249-255
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• 2018

침입외래식물인 단풍잎돼지풀(Ambrosia trifida L.)이 자생식물의 종수와 고유종인 층층둥굴레(Polygonatum stenophyllum Maxim.)의 활력도에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 단풍잎돼지풀의 식피율 구배에 따라서 자생식물 종수, 층층둥굴레의 사망률, 영양생장과 생식생장 등의 변화를 2015년 6월부터 2016년 10월까지 관찰하고 분석하였다. 단풍잎돼지풀의 식피율 처리는 각각 100% 제거, 40~60% 제거, 비제거구(대조구)로 하였다. 그 결과 단풍잎돼지풀의 식피율을 40% 이상 제거할 때, 출현한 식물 종수와 층층둥글레의 개체수 그리고 영양과 번식측정 항목의 활력도가 높았다. 이를 통해서 단풍잎돼지풀의 식피율을 40% 이상을 제거하는 것은 연구 지역의 식물종다양성과 준위협종인 층층둥굴레의 개체군 보전에 효과적이라고 판단된다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 공간-주파수 OFDM (SF-OFDM) 기법을 위한 효율적인 심볼 검출 알고리즘이 제안되고, 이를 기반으로 하는 SF-OFDM 무선 LAN 기저대역 프로세서의 구현 결과가 제시된다. SF-OFDM 기법에서 부반송파의 개수가 적은 경우 부채널간 간섭이 발생하게 되며, 이러한 간섭은 다이버시티 시스템의 성능을 크게 저하시킨다. 제안된 알고리즘은 부채널간 간섭을 병렬적으로 제거함으로써 기존 알고리즘에 비해 큰 성능 이득을 얻는다. 컴퓨터 모의실험을 통한 비트오류율 (BER) 성능 평가 결과 두개의 송${\cdot}$수신 안테나를 사용하는 경우 10-4의 BER에서 기존 알고리즘에 비해 약 3 dB의 성능이득을 얻음을 확인하였다. 제안된 심볼 검출 알고리즘이 적용된 SF-OFDM 무선 LAN 시스템의 패킷오류율 (PER), link throughput 및 coverage 성능이 분석되었다. 최대 전송률의 $80\%$를 목표 throughput으로 설정 했을 때, SF-OFDM 기반 무선 LAN 시스템은 기존의 IEEE 802.11a 무선 LAN 시스템에 비해 약 5.95 dB의 SNR 이득과 3.98 미터의 coverage 이득을 얻을 수 있었다. 제안된 알고리즘이 적용된 SF-OFDM 무선 LAN 기저대역 프로세서는 하드웨어 설계 언어를 통해 설계되었으며, 0.18um 1.8V CMOS 표준 셀 라이브러리를 통해 합성되었다. 제시된 division-free 하드웨어 구조와 함께, 구현된 프로세서의 총 게이트 수는 약 945K개였으며, FPGA 테스트 시스템을 통해 실시간 검증 및 평가되었다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.56-72
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to provide with the useful fundamental data by developing the appearl sizing system according to body types for the Women's Wear Specifications(GB/T 1335.2-1997), National Standards of People's Republic of China. Thus, it was to improve of the garment fit and coverage rate for the apparel production assortment and stock of exporting domestic clothing to China. For this study, 581 female women aged in their twenties who lived in Beijing and Shanghai were selected for the development of the apparel sizing system who resident in Beijing and Shanghai in China. As for the method of this study was made three primary items(length, bust girth, waist girth) and seven secondary items. Data analysis were processed by SPSS WIN 10.0 Program was used. The research selected 3 major body measurements, such as stature, bust girth, waist girth and 7 secondary measurements to investigate the body features of the Chinese adult women. The data throughout the study were analyzed by using SPSS WIN version 10.0 S/W. The result were as follows: The clothes dimensions for upper and lower body and the coverage rate of body size that had the highest appearance ratio from the selected age group in 20's were: Y-type 160-84 155-64(5.9%) and the section 160cm 22.6%, A-type 160-80 160-62(39%) and the section 160cm 27.9%, B-type 155-80 155-66(6.2%) and the section 160cm 24.7%. The representative size codes of the Chinese adult women aged in their 20's were set for representing certain body dimensions such as 150-76A 150-60A(0.0%), 155-80A 155-64A(2.4%), 160-84A 160-68A(3.9%), 165-88A 165-72A(0.3%), 170-92A 170-76A(0.0%). The production coverage rates for the each representative size codes were S size the section 150cm 1.5%, M size the section 155cm 15.3%, L size the section 160cm 36.0%, XL size the section 165cm 29.7%, XXL size the section 170cm 11.4% that covered 93.9%.

• 보험의학회지
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• 제24권
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• pp.97-117
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• 2005

Internally Korean insurance market is that whole life products' growth are becoming slowdown that's why new insurance products have appeared on the market in consideration of consumer's needs recently. Externally domestic insurance market competitions has drifted from insurance industry to whole financial industry since bankasurance started. Life insurance companies should open up a new market to survive from severe competitions. Worksite marketing can be an alternative. An insurer make arrangements with an employer about an insurance terms which an insurer offers in Worksite marketing. Then eligible individuals enroll in the plans at their own discretion and pay 100 percent of the premium for coverage through payroll deductions. An employer doesn't need to pay extra money for additional benefit but can raise employee's loyalty and satisfaction of company through worksite marketing. An employee can be covered at discounted premium rate and less strict underwriting guidelines to an insurer compared to individual insurance. In developed countries specially U.S insurance market, Worksite marketing is getting very popular and growing rapidly due to the advantages. Worksite marketing has both individual insurance characters and group insurance characters. Individual insurance characters are that employees enroll in the plans at their own discretion and pay 100 percent of the premium for coverage. Group insurance characters are that actively at work and participation etc. An insurer have to reflect these two characters on Worksite marketing when an insurance company work out a plan for developing products and underwriting guidelines. When an insurer devise worksite products, one should consider participation level which means percentage of eligible employees participating. Participation is related to anti-selection. As we know underwriting is essential for every kind of insurance, especially underwriting plays major role in worksite marketing. We can see that in the below. Firstly, it has a function in calculation of premium rate. When calculate premium rate for worksite products underwriters have to estimate expected participation level and risk factors. So underwriters and acturies keep in close contact with each other. Secondly, underwriting methods are important. When an insurer underwrite worksite products, there are three kinds of underwriting methods. These are Simplified issue underwriting, Full underwriting and Guaranteed issue underwriting. Simplified issue underwriting typically requires no medical examination, but usually requires supplying satisfactory answers to one or several health and/or lifestyle questions. Full underwriting requires a complete medical history questionnaire that may further require an exam. Guaranteed issue underwriting means that coverage is issued without the employee having to provide evidence of insurability. When insurer set the GI limit are usually based on the type of industry, number of eligible employees, the average amount of coverage and participation level. In addition to insurer should have a clear definition of eligible employee on the insurance provision and application form. It will minimize possibility of trouble claims and anti-selection. An insurer also establish preexisting condition exclusion and special guidelines for late entrants. When an insurer introduce Worksite marketing to Korean insurance market, an insurer has to examine market research to analyze potential market and strategy of sales most of all. Also an insurer should review real situation of the U.S, England and Japanese market etc. There are a lot of new technologies about worksite marketing process that an insurer should learn. When an insurer consider many things which we explained it can be a real alternative.