• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.737-748
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• 2018

We evaluated the physicochemical and storage characteristics of Hanwoo Tteokgalbi treated with onion skin powder (OSP) and blackcurrant fruit powder (BFP). The experimental design included seven treatments: a control (ascorbic acid 0.1%), T1: OSP 0.3%, T2: OSP 0.6%, T3: BFP 0.3%, T4: BFP 0.6%, T5: OSP 0.15%+BFP 0.15%, and T6: OSP 0.3%+BFP 0.3%. The OSP was higher in both polyphenol and flavonoid contents compared to BFP (p<0.05). The moisture and ash contents of all Tteokgalbi samples with a large amount of added natural antioxidant powder (0.6%) were higher than those with small amounts of added antioxidant (0.3%). The cooking loss and water holding capacity were outstanding in the T2 treatment compared to the others (p<0.05). The lightness, redness, and yellowness values were reduced on the addition of 0.6% antioxidant powder (p<0.05). The springiness and cohesiveness values of the Tteokgalbi samples were higher for the 0.3% addition than the control and 0.6% addition (p<0.05). The Tteokgalbi samples with natural antioxidants showed similar sensory attribute scores compared to the control. The pH values reduced as the BFP increased (p<0.05), and the total microbial count increased after OSP addition. The 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substance values of the samples treated with OSP were significantly lower than the control after day 10 (p<0.05). As a result, the addition of OSP or BFP did not have a significant negative influence on the quality characteristics of Hanwoo Tteokgalbi. In particular, the addition of 0.6% OSP was effective in increasing water retentivity and inhibiting lipid oxidation.

• Mycobiology
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.122-128
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• 2018

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are well-known for their ability to improve plant growth and help plants withstand abiotic stress conditions. Unlike other fungi and bacteria, AMF cannot be stored, as they are obligate biotrophs. Long-term preservation of AMF spores is challenging and may lead to the loss of viability and efficiency. This study aimed to understand the effect of prolonged subculture of AMF species on the growth and glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) from red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). AMF spores were mass-produced using different techniques and subcultured in pots with sorghum sudangrass as the host plant for 3 years. Experimental soil samples were collected from natural grassland. Five different AMF inocula were used in triplicate as treatments. After 70 days of growth, red pepper plants were harvested and plant dry weight, plant nutrient content, mycorrhizal colonization, AMF spore count, and soil glomalin content were determined. AMF-treated plants displayed higher dry weight than controls, with only fruit dry weight being significantly different. Similarly, significant differences in phosphorous and potassium contents of the above-ground plant parts were observed between mycorrhizal and control treatments. In addition, soil GRSP content was significantly higher in plants inoculated with Rhizophagus sp. and Gigaspora margarita. The increased plant growth and GRSP content suggest that AMF can be maintained for 3 years without losing their efficiency if subcultured regularly with different symbiotic host plants.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.31-39
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• 2010

The Generalized Hough Transform(GHT) is the most used algorithm for circle detection with high accuracy. However, it requires many computation time, because many different templates are applied in order to find circles of various size. In the case of circle detection and tracking in video, the classical approach applies GHT for each frame in video and thus needs much high processing time for all frames. This paper proposes the fast GHT algorithm in video, using two consecutive frames are similar. In the proposed algorithm, a change-driven method conducts GHT only when two consecutive frames have many changes, and trajectory-based method does GHT in candidate areas and with candidate radius using circles detected in a previous frame. The algorithm can reduce computation time by reducing the number of frames, the edge count, and the number of searching circles, as factors which affects the speed of GHT. Our experimental results show that the algorithm successfully detects circles with less processing time and no loss of accuracy in video acquisited by a fixed camera and a moving camera.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.66-69
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• 2002

In this work, cost effective venting is considered by comparing flow rates of 5$m\ell$/min, 10$m\ell$/min, and 20$m\ell$/min. Studies were performed on a soil artificially contaminated with diesel oil (the initial TPH(Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon) concentration of 7098mg/kg), and nutrient condition was C:N:P rate of 100:10:1. The soil has a sandy texture with pH of 6.8, 2.16 ~2.38% organic matter, a total porosity of 47~52% and field capacity 16.2~ 17.2%. The column experiments was made of glass column of 60cm length and 10cm I.D. at controlled temperature of 2$0^{\circ}C$($\pm$2.5$^{\circ}C$). The efficiency of continuous flow rate of 5, 10 and 20$m\ell$/min resulted in separately 61.3%, 58.1%, and 55% reduction of initial TPH concentration(7098mg/kg). Hydrocarbon utilizing microbial count and dehydrogenase activity in air flow of 5$m\ell$/min were higher than those of the others. The first order degradation rate of n-alkanes ranging from C10 to C28 was higher than that of pristane and phytane as isoprenoids. The $C_{17}$/pristane and $C_{18}$phytane ratios for monitoring the degree of biodegradation were useful only during the early stages of oil degradation. Degradation contributed from about 89% to 93% of TPH removal. Volatilization loss of diesel oil in contaminated soil was about 7% to 11%, which was significantly small compared to degradation.n.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.471-482
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• 1996

These experiments were undertaken in order to find out the useful clinicopathological diagnostic methods of cadmium poisoning in dogs. Twenty-one dogs were divided into a control group and 6 experimental groups. The experimental groups were adminstered orally 5, 10, 15, 30, 60 and 120mg of cadmium per kg of body weight for 56 days. All dogs were examined for clinical signs, and weekly changes in hematological and blood chemical values. All dogs were necropsied on 57th days of experiment. Tissue samples including hair, skin, muscle, lung, liver, kidney, spleen, pancreas, testis, ovary, uterus, and bone were collected and analyzed for cadmium, zinc, iron and copper contents using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. From these experiments following results were obtained : 1. All experimental dogs showed vomitting, salivation, anorexia, decreased water-intake, dehydration, and marked weight loss. The dogs received 30mg/kg or more of cadmium died during the period from 2nd to 7th week after administration. 2. Hematologically, all experimental dogs showed decrease in erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration, and packed cell volume. The anemia was identified as normocytic and regenerative morphologically. 3. No significant differences in serum glutamic oxaloacetic transminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, blood urea nitrogen, and cholosterol value were obseved between the control and experimental dogs. 4. The cadmium contents in various tissues of experimental dogs were estimated as $37.8{\sim}201.8{\mu}g/g$ in bone, $14.1{\sim}49.5{\mu}g/g$ in liver, $13.2{\sim}53.1{\mu}g/g$ in kidney, $0.4{\sim}35.2{\mu}g/g$ in pancreas, $0.8{\sim}35.4{\mu}g/g$ in spleen, $0.9{\sim}30.1{\mu}g/g$ in hair, $0{\sim}7.1{\mu}g/g$ in lung, $0{\sim}5.1{\mu}g/g$ in skin, and $0{\sim}3.6{\mu}g/g$ in muscle, respectively. However, the serum, testis, ovary and uterus showed no cadmium accumulation. Two contol dogs showed cadmium accumulation only in bone. 5. Significant differances in zinc, iron, and copper contents in tissue samples were observed between the control and experimental groups.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2011

Soybean sprouts of 100 g were packed with commercial OPP/PE films and developed PLA films, and stored at $10^{\circ}C$ for 6 days. Effects of packaging film were investigated. The weight loss of OPP/PE film was higher than that of the PLA film. Total cell count of PLA2 and PLA3 packages was the lowest among 5 packages. Off-flavor was strong at OPP/PE, but that in PLA2 was very little. Vitamin C content of PLA2 was highest and preference test of PLA2 was also highest among 5 packages. Finally, the PLA packages for soybean sprouts was more suitable than OPP/PE.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.151-154
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• 1990

The acute effects of variable dos rates to total body irradiation (TBI) were investigaed with 600 cGy of single exposure in the mice as a preclinical model. Total 80 mice (ICR) were used. Twenty of which sewed as controls, receiving no irradiation. All irradiated mice showed a universal decline in their weight and white blood cell count. The degree of weight loss and leukopenia were similar at 3 different dos rate but slightly prominent with 15 cGy/minute group. The degree of recovery among the groups showed no dose rate dependence. Our results suggest that TBI with 15 cGy/mimute may be applicable for clinical therapy with careful evaluation of patient's condition.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.2 s.66
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• pp.196-210
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• 2006

Objectives : This study aimed to find the curative effect of Gamitongkyutang distillate in mice with allergic rhinitis. Metbods : Forty mice were divided into four groups: the normal group, the control group (allergic rhinitis elicited group), the sample I group (Gamitongkyutang treated group after allergic rhinitis elicitation) and the sample II group (distillate of Gamitongkyutang treated group after allergic rhinitis elicitation). Indexes of AR were investigated such as the histological changes of the nasal mucosa, the changes of eosinophil count, the changes of interleukin-4(IL-4) secretion in the intranasal mucosa, the alteration of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) mRNA expression and the distribution of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB). ANOVA test was used for statistical analysis (p<0.05). Results : Loss of the cilium and the mucous secretion in the sample I and II groups was rare when compared to the control group. The segment of eosinophil was significantly decreased in the sample I and II groups when compared to the control group (p<0.05). A significant decrease of IL-4 mRNA expression was observed in the sample I and II groups when compared with the control group (p<0.05). Inhibition of iNOS induced by NF-kB p50 in the sample I and II groups was significantly superior to that in the control group (p<0.05). DGT and GT didn't affect AST and ALT. Conclusions : GT was superior to DGT in the IL-4 secretion, eosinophil levels and iNOS production. However, considering the difficulty in taking herbal medicine, the DGT has a meaningful curative effect in mice with allergic rhinitis.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.124-132
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• 2011

Background: Antiplatelet agent administration is critical in managing coronary-artery disease, but there is a concern regarding operation-related bleeding and an increase in blood transfusion in such, especially when delivering combined antiplatelet agents. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the administration of antiplatelet agents on off-pump coronary-artery bypass surgery (OPCAB). Methods: From March 2003 to December 2009, 49 patients who had undergone OPCAB were collected retrospectively. The patients were divided into three groups according to the administration of antiplatelet agents before the OPCAB operation: 21 patients were given an aspirin agent (group 1), 19 patients were given combined agents (aspirin+clopidogrel) (group 2), and nine patients were not given any antiplatelet agent (group 3). The three groups' perioperative hematologic and coagulation profiles, including their platelet counts, hemoglobin levels, hematocrit, prothrombin times, and aPTTs (activated partial thromboplastin times), and their postoperative bleeding, related complications, transfusion requirements, and operation times, were compared. Results: The operation time in group 2 was 4.3 hours, longer than those in the two other groups, and urgent operation was significantly most frequent in group 2 (63%). The amount of blood loss and the number of patients who received blood transfusion were not different in the three groups. The perioperative hemoglobin level, hematocrit, platelet count, prothrombin time, and aPTT were also not significantly different among the three groups. Conclusion: The continuous administration of antiplatelet agents to the patients in this study did not increase their postoperative bleeding or operation-related complications. Therefore, OPCAB may well be considered even if combined antiplatelet agents are being administered.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.446-453
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• 2009

This study was conducted to find condition of improving the quality of peach by using surfacing washing system. The rate of weight loss of A,B groups were showed slower decreasing trend than CT group and the value of soluble solid degree was not different significantly among all groups from the results of stored peach treat with surface washing system of peach in the first experiment. The colory value of surface were increased with increasing storage period in all treatments. Browning pace of A,B groups were slower than control. Emission of carbon dioxide was increased from the results of respiration rate, 6-10 mL/kg/hr $(10^{\circ}C)$ and 32-41 mL/kg/hr $(25^{\circ}C)$. In second experiment with surface washing system of peach, the value of soluble solid was showed with similar value from 10 $Brix^{\circ}$ to 13 $Brix^{\circ}$. The pace of soft rot of EW groups were lower than CT groups from the results of hardness during storage period. The results of colory value was not showed with significant difference in $15^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$ storage temperature but changed to browning in EW groups. The moisture contents was from 85% to 90% in all groups. And the count of total microorganism of EW groups were lower than control. Also total coliform of EW groups were negative. In sensory evaluation, washing peach was showed higher value with significant difference in all acceptability.