• 산업경영시스템학회지
• /
• 제44권3호
• /
• pp.214-229
• /
• 2021

There is an increasing need for complex and large projects to be carried out quickly. As the duration, size, and cost of the project increase, concerns about project failure are also rising. Finding factors that hinder the performance of an effective project and eliminating them in advance or controlling and managing them more effectively can be a more direct way to secure the success of the project. Previous studies have identified compositional dimensions that are classified according to attributes, covering the various obstacles that affect the success of the project through existing literature. It is a follow-up to previous research. Using DEMATEL techniques, we would like to propose to explore the appropriate measures that an entity and organization can take by identifying the causality between factors through cross-impact analysis of project disabilities and even presenting factors that may arise when they are identified. As a result of the analysis, according to the indicators to evaluate the importance, 8 factors were found to be relatively important factors, excluding the factors that Failure of project feasibility analysis and Technical environment change. In addition, 5 factors were found to be causative factors; Technical environment change, Unclarity project plan, Strategic consistency error, Inaccuracy of requirement definition, and Failure of project feasibility analysis. In contrast, the remaining 5 factors were found to be the result factors; Lack of benefits realization, Negative attitude of top management, Stakeholder conflict, Difficulty of process management, and Disturbance of communication.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• 제42권
• /
• pp.24.1-24.7
• /
• 2020

Background: In daily practice, three-dimensional patient-specific jawbone models (3D models) are a useful tool in surgical planning and simulation, resident training, patient education, and communication between the physicians in charge. The progressive improvements of the hardware and software have made it easy to obtain 3D models. Recently, in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery, there are many reports on the benefits of 3D models. We introduced a desktop 3D printer in our department, and after a prolonged struggle, we successfully constructed an environment for the "in-house" fabrication of the previously outsourced 3D models that were initially outsourced. Through various efforts, it is now possible to supply inexpensive 3D models stably, and thus ensure safety and precision in surgeries. We report the cases in which inexpensive 3D models were used for orthodontic surgical simulation and discuss the surgical outcomes. Review: We explained the specific CT scanning considerations for 3D printing, 3D printing failures, and how to deal with them. We also used 3D models fabricated in our system to determine the contribution to the surgery. Based on the surgical outcomes of the two operators, we compared the operating time and the amount of bleeding for 25 patients who underwent surgery using a 3D model in preoperative simulations and 20 patients without using a 3D model. There was a statistically significant difference in the operating time between the two groups. Conclusions: In this article, we present, with surgical examples, our in-house practice of 3D simulation at low costs, the reality of 3D model fabrication, problems to be resolved, and some future prospects.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제71권4호
• /
• pp.391-405
• /
• 2019

Compared to the ambient vibration test mainly identifying the structural modal parameters, such as frequency, damping and mode shapes, the impact testing, which benefits from measuring both impacting forces and structural responses, has the merit to identify not only the structural modal parameters but also more detailed structural parameters, in particular flexibility. However, in traditional impact tests, an impacting hammer or artificial excitation device is employed, which restricts the efficiency of tests on various bridge structures. To resolve this problem, we propose a new method whereby a moving vehicle is taken as a continuous exciter and develop a corresponding flexibility identification theory, in which the continuous wheel forces induced by the moving vehicle is considered as structural input and the acceleration response of the bridge as the output, thus a structural flexibility matrix can be identified and then structural deflections of the bridge under arbitrary static loads can be predicted. The proposed method is more convenient, time-saving and cost-effective compared with traditional impact tests. However, because the proposed test produces a spatially continuous force while classical impact forces are spatially discrete, a new flexibility identification theory is required, and a novel structural identification method involving with equivalent load distribution, the enhanced Frequency Response Function (eFRFs) construction and modal scaling factor identification is proposed to make use of the continuous excitation force to identify the basic modal parameters as well as the structural flexibility. Laboratory and numerical examples are given, which validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Furthermore, parametric analysis including road roughness, vehicle speed, vehicle weight, vehicle's stiffness and damping are conducted and the results obtained demonstrate that the developed method has strong robustness except that the relative error increases with the increase of measurement noise.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제63권11호
• /
• pp.433-437
• /
• 2020

Background: Indonesia is one of the countries with the highest preterm birth rate. Preterm infants are more likely than term and normal weight infants to experience neonatal mortality and morbidity due to acute respiratory, gastrointestinal, immunologic, central nervous system, hearing, and vision problems. Kangaroo mother care (KMC) is a proven cost-effective intervention to help reduce mortality rates among preterm infants; however, it has not been fully implemented in hospitals. Purpose: Assess KMC knowledge and perceptions among health providers. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted from December 2015 to April 2016 and consisted of 21 in-depth interviews and 3 focus group discussions (FGDs). The 3 categories of health personnel in the study were clinical providers, hospital management representatives, and Indonesian Midwife Association members. Results: Most health providers know about the benefits of KMC including stabilizing temperatures, weight gain, and maternal-infant bonding and reducing human resources and labor costs. They were also aware of which newborns were eligible for KMC treatment. Their knowledge was mostly gained from observation or obtained from pediatricians and personal experience. They believed that a low birth weight infant in an incubator could not be treated with KMC and that it could only be practiced if a special gown was used when holding the baby. This perception could be caused by a lack of formal KMC training, leading to misunderstanding of its aspects. Conclusion: In conclusion, KMC knowledge of clinical providers in the 2 hospitals was sufficient, primarily due to their health-related educational background. Some perceptions could be potential barriers to or facilitate the implementation of KMC practice. These perceptions should be considered in future KMC training designs.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.47-54
• /
• 2021

Objectives This review was conducted to study use of Aconitum herbal medicine for pain control in musculoskeletal disease. Methods Musculoskeletal disease is a major factor of social cost increase and physical disability. Various drugs, surgery and imaging are being overused regardlessly. Aconitum herbal plants are one of the most toxic Korean traditional herbs. However, they could be utilized effectively on patients with appropriate processing and decocting time. We searched Korean medicine literature to see various features of aconitum herbal plants and tried to find the utilization of the plants in effective way for pain control in musculoskeletal disease. Results Aconitum herbal plants needs to be used carefully because of intoxication which could lead to severe damage to human body. Processing of these toxic plants could minimize the harm and raise the benefits, such as relieving various types of pain and positive inotropic action. Further studies with clearer evidence and discovering aftereffects of processing in more details are needed. Conclusions Aconitum herbal plants could dedicate to controlling pain in musculoskeletal disease with various forms and appropriate processing.

• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.185-201
• /
• 2022

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is used to provide reliable information about the structure's integrity in near realtime following extreme incidents such as earthquakes, considering the inevitable aging and degradation that occurs in operating environments. This paper experimentally investigates an integrated wireless sensor network (Wi-SN) based monitoring technique for damage detection in concrete structures. An effective SHM technique can be used to detect potential structural damage based on post-earthquake data. Two novel methods are proposed for damage detection in reinforced concrete (RC) building structures including: (i) Jerk Energy Method (JEM), which is based on time-domain analysis, and (ii) Modal Contributing Parameter (MCP), which is based on frequency-domain analysis. Wireless accelerometer sensors are installed at each story level to monitor the dynamic responses from the building structure. Prior knowledge of the initial state (immediately after construction) of the structure is not required in these methods. Proposed methods only use responses recorded during ambient vibration state (i.e., operational state) to estimate the damage index. Herein, the experimental studies serve as an illustration of the procedures. In particular, (i) a 3-story shear-type steel frame model is analyzed for several damage scenarios and (ii) 2-story RC scaled down (at 1/6th) building models, simulated and verified under experimental tests on a shaking table. As a result, in addition to the usual benefits like system adaptability, and cost-effectiveness, the proposed sensing system does not require a cluster of sensors. The spatial information in the real-time recorded data is used in global damage identification stage of SHM. Whereas in next stage of SHM, the damage is detected at the story level. Experimental results also show the efficiency and superior performance of the proposed measuring techniques.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.262-268
• /
• 2022

Background: Virtual reality (VR) programs based on motion capture camera are the most convenient and cost-effective approaches for remote rehabilitation. Assessment of physical function is critical for providing optimal VR rehabilitation training; however, direct muscle strength measurement using camera-based kinematic data is impracticable. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method to indirectly estimate the muscle strength of users from the value obtained using a motion capture camera. Objects: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the pedaling speed converted using the VR engine from the captured foot position data in the VR environment can be used as an indirect way to evaluate knee muscle strength, and to investigate the validity and reliability of a camera-based VR program. Methods: Thirty healthy adults were included in this study. Each subject performed a 15-second maximum pedaling test in the VR and built-in speedometer modes. In the VR speedometer mode, a motion capture camera was used to detect the position of the ankle joints and automatically calculate the pedaling speed. An isokinetic dynamometer was used to assess the isometric and isokinetic peak torques of knee flexion and extension. Results: The pedaling speeds in VR and built-in speedometer modes revealed a significantly high positive correlation (r = 0.922). In addition, the intra-rater reliability of the pedaling speed in the VR speedometer mode was good (ICC [intraclass correlation coefficient] = 0.685). The results of the Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant moderate positive correlation between the pedaling speed of the VR speedometer and the peak torque of knee isokinetic flexion (r = 0.639) and extension (r = 0.598). Conclusion: This study suggests the potential benefits of measuring the maximum pedaling speed using 3D depth camera in a VR environment as an indirect assessment of muscle strength. However, technological improvements must be followed to obtain more accurate estimation of muscle strength from the VR cycling test.

• 멤브레인
• /
• 제32권5호
• /
• pp.275-282
• /
• 2022

현대에는 배터리를 비롯한 수소 기반 에너지가 효율적이라고 널리 알려져 있다.이러한 결과는 수소가 에너지 수송체로써의 높은 효율을 가지고 있다는 사실로부터 기반한다. 자연 친화적이며 높은 순도를 가진 수소는 수전해로부터 제조할 수 있다. 다양한 종류의 전기분해 중, 수소이온 교환막 수전해는 가장 재생 가능하며 싸고 자연 친화적이다. 이는 에너지로써 사용이 되기에 적합한 산소와 수소를 생성한다. 이와 같이 많은 장점이 있기에 활발한 연구가 수소이온 교환막 전기분해에 대해 진행되고 있다. 나피온은 수소이온 교환막으로 널리 쓰이지만, 비싼 비용과 다양한 다른 단점으로 인해 여러 가지 종류의 대체재가 개발되고 있다. 본 총설에서는 크게 나피온과 비나피온(non-Nafion) 기반 수소이온 교환막 수전해로 나누어 다루었다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제29권1D호
• /
• pp.81-89
• /
• 2009

형상관리는 생산품의 기능과 생애주기에 걸쳐 생산품의 요구사항, 설계 그리고 운전에 필요한 정보 등의 물리적인 특성 및 생산품의 성능을 일관성 있게 유지하며, 이를 확립하기 위한 관리의 한 부분이다. 최근 형상관리 개념이 조직의 구성과 프로젝트 변경관리를 통한 가치의 창출, 리스크에 의한 가치 보전, 변경관리의 사업관리 분야 적용 등 여러 가지로 형태로 정의되고 있음에도 불구하고, 점차 정립이 진행되어가고 있다. CM은 기본적으로 기록과 프로젝트 성능에 대하여 프로젝트의 범위와 시간, 비용을 만족하도록 제공하고 있다. 해외의 세계적인 기업들은 이미 형상관리 시스템을 도입하여 적용하고 있으며, 그로 인한 효과를 보고 있다. 또한 형상관리는 모든 프로젝트에 대하여 전망과 통찰력을 제공한다. 본 연구는 현재 현장에서 사용 중인 시스템을 검토하고 효율적으로 개선할 수 있도록 현재 이슈가 되고 있는 형상관리의 소개와 적용을 연구하였다. 또한 작업절차에 대한 관련 시스템의 구성과 변경관리 및 형상관리의 방법을 보다 효율적인 프로세스 개선방안을 제시하였다. 마지막으로 이 과정에서 가상 프로젝트에 대한 시나리오를 작성하여 시뮬레이션을 통해 결과를 분석함으로서 본 연구의 실용가능성을 검토하였다.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
• /
• 제23권6호
• /
• pp.293-302
• /
• 2023

This review paper delves into the comparative study of epinephrine and phenylephrine as vasoconstrictors in dental anesthesia, exploring their histories, pharmacological properties, and clinical applications. The study involved a comprehensive literature search, focusing on articles that directly compared the two agents in terms of efficacy, safety, and prevalence in dental anesthesia. Epinephrine, with its broad receptor profile, has been a predominant choice, slightly outperforming in the context of prolonging dental anesthesia and providing superior hemostasis, which is crucial for various dental procedures. However, the stimulation of beta-adrenergic receptors caused by epinephrine poses risks, especially to patients with cardiovascular conditions. Phenylephrine, a selective alpha-1 adrenergic agonist, emerges as a safer alternative for such patients, avoiding the cardiovascular risks associated with epinephrine. Moreover, its vasoconstrictive effect may not be as deleterious as that of epinephrine, due to its selective action. This review reveals that despite the potential benefits of phenylephrine, epinephrine continues to dominate in clinical settings, due to its historical familiarity, availability, and cost-effectiveness. The lack of commercially available pre-made phenylephrine dental carpules in most countries, except Brazil, and a knowledge gap within dental academia regarding phenylephrine, contribute to its limited use. This review concludes that while both agents are effective, the choice between them should be based on individual patient conditions, availability, and the practitioner's knowledge and familiarity with the agents. The underuse of other vasoconstrictors like levonordefrin and the unavailability of phenylephrine in pre-mixed dental cartridges in many countries highlights the need for further exploration and research in this field. Furthermore, we also delve into the role of levonordefrin and examine the rationale behind the exclusion of phenylephrine from commercially available pre-mixed local anesthetic carpules, suggesting a need for a responsive approach from pharmaceutical manufacturers to the distinct needs of the dental community.