• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.104-110
• /
• 2006

When a new facility such as automobile assembly line is designed, computer simulation is often used to estimate its actual throughput level. If it falls short of the target throughput level, then the design must be modified to increase the throughput capacity. For complex facilities having parallel processes and network of material flows, the modification procedure is not trivial. Even if the capacity of a particular bottleneck process is increased, the target throughput may not be achieved because the bottleneck may move to another process. Furthermore, each process has a different set of options with different cost to increase the capacity. In this study, we present a systematic procedure of determining the cost-effective set of options which achieves the target throughput.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.45-59
• /
• 2005

As more advanced and complicated equipments are introduced, effective operation and maintenance, along with acquisition of the equipments, commands more significance lately. In order to perform effective depot maintenance, the Republic of Korea Army is continually developing the concept, cycle and method for operating the depot maintenance. Not only the high-cost testing and maintenance equipments but the highly developed maintenance technologies are required for the depot maintenance of the latest weapon system. In order to have the depot maintenance capability, this paper provides the standard and procedure for estimating the development cost of the depot maintenance elements to be utilized in the depot maintenance elements development project.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.213-226
• /
• 2013

Recently, the social commerce on Facebook.com and Twitter.com, which is represented by SNS (Social Network Service), has been expanding in the form of a combination of SNS market. This study attempted to examine the cost-effect analysis between portal-based advertisement and SNS-based advertisement in order to establish an effective advertising strategy for e-learning content providers. The results showed that portal-based advertisement is more effective than SNS-based advertisement in terms of advertising effectiveness against cost. According to these empirical research results, this article discusses the practical implications for e-learning content providers in an attempt to enable them to take competitive advantage.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.2059-2065
• /
• 2013

This goal of this research was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the National Cancer Screening Program (NCSP) for breast cancer in the Republic of Korea from a government expenditure perspective. In 2002-2003 (baseline), a total of 8,724,860 women aged 40 years or over were invited to attend breast cancer screening by the NCSP. Those who attended were identified using the NCSP database, and women were divided into two groups, women who attended screening at baseline (screened group) and those who did not (non-screened group). Breast cancer diagnosis in both groups at baseline, and during 5-year follow-up was identified using the Korean Central Cancer Registry. The effectiveness of the NCSP for breast cancer was estimated by comparing 5-year survival and life years saved (LYS) between the screened and the unscreened groups, measured using mortality data from the Korean National Health Insurance Corporation and the National Health Statistical Office. Direct screening costs, indirect screening costs, and productivity costs were considered in different combinations in the model. When all three of these costs were considered together, the incremental cost to save one life year of a breast cancer patient was 42,305,000 Korean Won (KW) (1 USD=1,088 KW) for the screened group compared to the non-screened group. In sensitivity analyses, reducing the false-positive rate of the screening program by half was the most cost-effective (incremental cost-effectiveness ratio, ICER=30,110,852 KW/LYS) strategy. When the upper age limit for screening was set at 70 years, it became more cost-effective (ICER=39,641,823 KW/LYS) than when no upper age limit was set. The NCSP for breast cancer in Korea seems to be accepted as cost-effective as ICER estimates were around the Gross Domestic Product. However, cost-effectiveness could be further improved by increasing the sensitivity of breast cancer screening and by setting appropriate age limits.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.198-205
• /
• 2000

Objectives : Risperidone and clozapine belong to a new generation of antipsychotics that are reportedly more effective and better tolerated than conventional neuroleptics. However, each of these agents costs far more per unit than conventional neuroleptics. The purpose of our retrospective study was to ascertain the total cost and effectiveness of treatment before and after administration of risperidone and clozapine in "revolving door" schizophrenia patients. Method : Data collected on revolving door schizophrenics for 2 years before clozapine and risperidone treatment and for at least 2 years after clozapine and risperidone treatment. Direct cost of inpatient and outpatient treatment was measured. Effectiveness was scaled as "years of mild disability gained". Result : Both risperidone and cloazpine result in higher costs and additional benefits to patients, for example, increased mild disability, reduced number of relapse, and reduced hospital length-of-stay. An ICER of risperidone was less than Rc and ICER of clozapine was greater than Rc. According to decision-analytic this model, risperidone had favorable cost-effectiveness ratios relative to clozapine. Conclusion : We have assumed that risperidone is more cost-effective than clozapine.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.21-30
• /
• 2016

Purpose: Energy saving in the built facilities is getting important due to energy crisis. The Korea government has been implemented several energy and green building policies and practices. The both of government and industry also developed green building strategies ant technologies to reduce energy consumption and carbon emission. The purpose of this research is to identify applicable green building strategies and technologies for that can be cost effective and applicable to a multiplex house. Method: This research identified appropriate green building strategies from analysing green building strategies from G-SEED certified apartment projects and popular green building strategies. This study also adopted a survey research method to find out the applicable green building strategies for a multiplex housing. In addition, this research also conduct cost estimating to identify initial cost premium of green building strategies. Results: The research outcomes in this study guide a building owner to know about initial cost premiums of green building strategies and technologies and an architect and contractor to identify appropriate and cost effective green building strategies that can be applicable to a multiplex house.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.26 no.6
• /
• pp.411-417
• /
• 2014

Purpose: This study attempts to find the effects of water-based exercise performed on stroke patients in their physiological cost index and static and dynamic balance. Methods: The subjects were 30 stroke patients, who were randomly divided a water-based exercise group and a land-based exercise group, each with 15 patients. Both exercises ware performed 3 day per week, for 40 minutes a day, for a period of eight weeks. Results: The Water-based exercise group showed a decreased physiological cost index compared to the land-based exercise group, with the physiological cost index of the water-based exercise group decreasing, while the land-based exercise group, showing a significant decrease. Water-based exercise increased static and dynamic balance capacity better than land-based group, showing a significant difference and better efficiency of water-based exercise when compared to land-based exercise. Conclusion: From the result of the study, we found that water-based exercise is more effective in improving PCI and static and dynamic balance capacity. Through this study, training in water-based stroke patients could use cardiovascular endurance and buoyancy and the vortex, as an effective treatment that can enhance the growth and voluntary participation in the range of the patient's own movement the thought is, in consideration of the changes in the physiological cost index due to the difference in the ground and water, and should establish a training program that matches the purpose.

• The Journal of Health Technology Assessment
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.148-155
• /
• 2018

Objectives: Rotavirus is one of the main causes of severe diarrhea in children under five. Two types of rotavirus vaccines [$Rotarix^{(R)}$ (RV1) and $Rotateq^{(R)}$ (RV5)] have been introduced and its administration was optional in South Korea. A systematic review (SR) on economic evaluation (EE) of RV was conducted to examine whether the introduction of rotavirus vaccine to national vaccine program (NIP) is cost-effective. Methods: Previous SR studies of EE for RV were searched in August 2017 through databases such as MEDLINE and EMBASE. Additional search was performed to include literatures published after or unincluded in the previous SR studies. Among the 11 SR studies identified, 2 studies were reviewed via inclusion/exclusion criteria. A previous SR study including 104 original articles was selected by A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews. Among the 36 original articles identified through additional search, 10 were selected, resulting in 114 studies included in our analysis. Results: RV1-only, RV5-only, and evaluating-both studies account for about 44%, 22%, and 33%, respectively. Among RV1-only, RV5-only, or evaluating-both studies, 90%, 64%, or 68% of the studies concluded RV as being cost-effective, respectively. RV5-only studies were usually executed in high-income countries (68%), whereas RV1-only studies were executed mostly in lower (32%) and upper (26%) middle-income countries. When classifying studies by their funding sources, RV1-only studies (82%; 28 of 34 studies specifying funding sources) were chiefly supported by non-profit organization, and 100% of these studies were concluded as being cost-effective. RV5-only studies were mostly supported by profit organization (68%; 13 of 19 studies specifying sources), and 92% of these studies concluded as being cost-effective. Conclusion: By reviewing global EE studies for RV, we have learned that about 70% of these studies was shown to be cost-effective and RV1 appeared to be more cost-effective than RV5.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
• /
• v.17 no.2 s.75
• /
• pp.115-130
• /
• 2005

This paper presents the effects of indirect costs on Life-Cycle-Cost(LCC) effective optimum design of steel-box girder bridges. The LCC formulations considered in the LCC optimization of the bridges consist of initial cost and expected rehabilitation costs including repair/replacement costs, loss of contents or fatality and injury losses, and indirect costs such as road user costs and indirect socio-economic losses. To demonstrate the LCC-effectiveness for optimum design of the bridges, an actual steel box girder bridge having two continuous spans(2@50m=100m) is considered as a numerical example. And also, in this paper, various sensitivity analyses are performed to investigate the effects of indirect costs caused by traffic conditions such as number of detour route, number of lane on detour route, length of detour route, and traffic volumes on the LCC-effective optimum design. From the numerical investigations, it may be concluded that indirect costs caused by traffic network may sensitively influence on the LCC-effective optimum design of steel-box girder bridges. Therefore, it may be stated that the traffic conditions should be considered as one of the important items in the LCC-effective optimum design of the bridges.

• Health Policy and Management
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.88-109
• /
• 1998

The main purpose of this study is to compare the traditional cost system and ABC(Activity Based Cost) system of clinical laboratory department in a hospital. The study subject was 296 services in clinical laboratory from March, 1997 to August, 1997. In a new costing system, cost for a lab test consist of direct cost element, activity based cost element, and allocated common cost element. In a traditional cost system, cost elements included direct cost element and indirect cost allocated based on test volumes The major findings of this research were as follows. 1. In the application of ABC system, total cost was analyzed as follows. Direct cost was 39.3% of total cost. Activity cost and allocation were 20.9% and 39.8%, respectively. The results of analysis to use traditional cost system were as follows. Direct cost was 39.3% and it was as same as the result of direct cost of ABC system. Indirect cost was 60.7%. 2. Activities of clinical laboratory of subject hospital were registration, pre-test operation, test, test result handling, delivery, culture, post-test operation, technical support, management support, and educational support. 3. The differences of the case of higher number of test case being carried out, the cost of ABC system was lower than the cost of traditional cost system. Otherwise in the case of lower number of test case being carried out, the rests have not been appropriately evaluated, and effective management were needed in clinical laboratory.