• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.265-271
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• 2021

Purpose: We aimed to analyze the reliability of the test for choice stepping reaction time (CSRT) under an unstable surface and determine whether there were differences in CSRT between support surface conditions (stable vs. unstable conditions) and between age groups (young adults vs. community-dwelling older adults). Methods: Twenty healthy community-dwelling older adults and twenty young adults performed the stepping task under an unstable condition over two visits. The mean of the two trials measured for each visit was used for the analysis. The test-retest reliability was analyzed using intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) with a 95% confidence interval, standard error of measurement (SEM), and minimal detectable change (MDC). Differences in CSRT between support surface conditions and age groups were analyzed using the independent t-test with Bonferroni correction. Results: Excellent consistency was observed for ICC >0.90 in both groups. Moreover, the SEM and MDC values of the CSRT in older and young adults were 0.03 and 0.09 and 0.01 and 0.04, respectively. There was a significant difference in the CSRT between the age groups under stable (p<0.001) and unstable conditions (p<0.001). Conclusion: The findings demonstrated that the test for CSRT under an unstable condition had reliable results in both groups. Although older adults demonstrated longer reaction times than younger adults in all surface conditions, increasing the balance control demand by implementing a choice stepping task concomitant with a balance task had no influence on the reaction time in both age groups.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.271-277
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• 1996

영아기에는 수술에 따른 위험 도가 높기 때문에 가능하면 수술을 피 해야 하지만, 제한된 경우에서 비 교적 큰 심실중격결손을 가진 영아에서도 개심술을 시행하게 된다. 따라서, 난치성 울혈성 심부전, 폐동 맥고혈압, 발육부진, 그리고 반복되는 호흡기 감염이 있는 경우에는 개심술을 시행하게 된다. 저자들은 1991년 1월부터 1994년 12월까지 31례의 영아 심실중격결손환아에서 개심술을 시행하였다. 연령분포는 6개월에서 12개월까지 였고 평균연령은 9.2개 월이 었다. 31례중 남자가 23례 였고, 여자가 8례 였다. 평균 체중은 7.4킬로그램이 었다. 심실중격 결손의 가장 흔한 형 태는 막상주위 형 (64.5%)이었으며, 동반 심기 형은 17례 (55.8%)에서 있었다. 승모판 폐쇄부전이 가장 많았으며 (16.1%), 동맥관개존이 그 다음이 었다 (12.8%). 심 도자검 사결과에서 폐-체 혈류량비, 폐-체 혈압비, 폐-체저 항비는 각각 2.1∼3.0, 0.70이상, 0. 1∼0.25사이 에서 가장 많았다. 수술적응증에서는 폐동맥고혈압이 20례, 울혈성 심부전이 3례, 반복되는 호흡기 감염이 10El,그리고 발육부전이 14례로 나타났다. 가장혼한심장절개법과수술방법은우심방 절개 (58%)와 다크론패취봉합(94%)이 었다. 술후 합병증은 10례 (32%)에서 있었으며, 사망률은 12.9% (4례)이었다 사망례는8개월, 8킬로그램이하의 영아에서 있었다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제29권11호
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• pp.1197-1201
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• 1996

인제대학교 의과대학 서울백병원 흉부외과학교실에서는 1987년 10월부터 1995년 12월까지 20세 이상의 성인 팔로사징후 9례에서 완전교정술을 시행하였다. 환자는 남자 5례, 여자 4례로 연령은 22세에서 42세까지였고 평균 29.6세였다. NYHA에 의한 기능적 분류는 Class II가 3례, Class III가 6례였고, 혈색소치는 10.8 ∼ 20.7 gm/㎗(평균 15.6 gm/㎗)였다. 술전임상 증상 및 징후는 청색증 8례, 운동시 호흡곤란 6례, 곤봉수지 5례, 잦은 상기도 감염 3례 였다. 폐동맥판 및 누두부협착이 모든 예에서 있었고, 2례에서는 좌측폐동맥에 발육부전이 있었다. 우심실유출로 협착에 대한 수술은 7례에서는 누두부절제술 및 판막절개술후 누두부에만 Goretex 첩포를 대어 확장술을 하였고, 2례에서는 누두부절제술과 판막절개술후 폐동맥 판막륜이 작아 이를 절개하여 주폐동맥까지 Goretex 첩포를 대어 확장하였다. 좌측 폐동맥에 발육부전이 있는 2례에서는 자가심낭편을 이용하여 폐동맥성형술을 하였다. 술후 사망환자는 없었고 합병증은 6례에서 발생하였는데 출혈이 가장 많아 5례에서 있었고 저심박출증 4례(44.4%)였다. 1례에서 일차수술 3개월후 잔존 심실중격결손과 삼첨판폐쇄부전이 있어 재수술을 하였다. 평균 추적관찰기간은 평균 25개월(범위, 11∼77개월)이었다. 술후 모든 환자는 NYHA class I이었다. 따라서 팔로사징후에서 나이가 들었다는 자체가 수술의 금기는 아니며, 성인 팔로사징후는 사망률도 낮으므로 완전교정이 가능하다고 사료된다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.59.1-59.1
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• 2013

Type Ia supernovae (SNe) are providing the most conclusive evidence for accelerating universe with dark energy in observational cosmology. In these investigations, look-back time evolution of SNe luminosity is regarded as negligible on the basic assumption. However, several recent works present some systematic differences among hosts which have different characteristics of stellar population. For more direct investigation, we are proceeding with our YONSEI (YOnsei Nearby Supernovae Evolution Investigation) project. Only early-type hosts in our catalogue were chosen in order to estimate the luminosity-weighted mean age and metallicity directly using Single Stellar Population (SSP) models and ignore the effect from the dust extinction. Observations using low-resolution spectrographs are still in progress at Las Campanas Observatory with 2.5m telescope and at McDonald Observatory with 2.7m telescope. We have thus far obtained spectra for 30 early-type hosts. After weak emission line correction, Lick/IDS absorption-line indices are measured and YEPS spectroscopic evolution model was applied to determine mean population ages and metallicities. Our preliminary results show that SNe Ia hosted in older galaxies seem to be brighter at 1.4 - 3 sigma levels, however, more observations and analyses are still needed to confirm this correlation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.237-246
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• 1995

Between March 1989 and December 1994, one-stage repair was performed for correction of the intracardiac malformations associated with aortic coarctation in 34 patients or interrupted aortic arch in 8 patients via median sternotomy. There were 26 male and 16 female patients, and their body weight ranged from 1.8 to 8 kg [mean weight, 4.0 1.4 kg . The age at the operation ranged from 7 days to 18 months [mean age, 3.1 $\pm$ 3.8 months . The repair of aortic coarctation or interrupted aortic arch was performed using extended end-to-end anastomosis in most of the patients [86%, 36/42 , and six patients underwent ductal tissue excision and patch aortoplasty. Intracardiac defects were corrected concomitantly through the right atrium unless the anatomy dictated otherwise. Obstructive outlet septum was resected whenever necessary. There were seven early deaths [16.8 % , and three late deaths with a mean follow-up period of 25 months [range from 1 to 65 months . Three patients were reoperated upon residual subaortic stenosis, stenosis at the RPA origin, and subacute bacterial endocarditis respectively. None showed any significant residual or anastomotic stenosis postoperatively. One stage repair of the aortic coarctation and interrupted aortic arch associated with intracardiac defect leaves no native coarctation shelf tissue or residual hypoplasia in the repaired segment, has low incidence of recurrent or residual stenosis, minimizes reoperation and incisions, and manages arch hypoplasia easily. We concluded that surgical results of one-stage repair for the intracardiac malformation associated with aortic coarctation or interrupted aortic arch are reasonable.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.268-273
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• 1995

Budd- chiari syndrome resulting from a membranous obstruction of the inferior vena cava[IVC is a rare congenital anomaly. From January 1989 to December 1993, 8 cases of IVC obstruction was treated in Kyung Hee Univ. Hospital. There were 2 male and 6 female patients between 34 and 66 years of age[mean 47.3$\pm$11.9 years of age . 4 patients were treated with angioplasty by balloon catheter and 4 patients were treated with operative correction using cardiopulmonary bypass, profound hypothermia and total circulatory arrest. These 4 patients were repaired the constricted IVC with autologous pericardial patch. In surgically treated patients, all of the specimens were confirmed to be membranous web histopathologically. Postoperative outcome in operative correcting patients was uneventful and postoperative angiography showed unobstructed flow through the IVC with filling of the hepatic veins.The above 8 patients were followed up from 10 months to 56 months [ mean 36.43 17.24 months and recurrent IVC obstruction or stenosis was not seen.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.75-82
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• 1983

This report is concerned to our experience of 10 cases of open heart surgery under the extracorporeal circulation at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Capital Armed Forces General Hospital during the period between May, 1982 and February, 1983. 1. Six cases were male and two cases were female. Age was varied from 21 years to 50 years and mean age was 34 years. 2. The cases included 2 Ventricular Septal Defects, 1 Atrial Septal Defect, I Tetralogy of Fallot and 6 acquired valvular heart diseases. 3. The surgical managements were 3 primary repairs for Ventricular Septal Defects and Atrial Septal Defect, I total correction for Tetralogy of Fallot and 6 mitral valve replacements with bovine xenograft by Ionescu-Shiley combining 3 Tricuspid annuloplasties [ De Vega method ] and 1 deauricularization of left atrial appendage for acquired valvular heart diseases. 4. The average cardiopulmonary bypass time was 37 minutes for acyanotic congenital heart diseases and 92 minutes for cyanotic heart disease and acquired valvular heart diseases. And the average aortic cross clamping time was 19 minutes for the former and 70 minutes for the latter. 5. Postoperatively, there were 1 hemolytic anemia, 1 congestive heart failure, 1 hemolytic jaundice and 1 thermal burn as complications, but there was no operative mortality. 6. All patients received valve replacement were recommended anticoagulation with Persantin and Aspirin.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.695-705
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• 1987

This report provides follow - up data on 37 patients, aged 7 days to 25 years [median: 6.5 months], who underwent repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection at Seoul national University Hospital between May, 1978 and June, 1987. The patients were 22 males and 17 females and the sex ratio was 1.6 to 1, showing a male predominance. Sixteen patients had supracardiac, 13 cardiac, 3 infracardiac and 5 had a mixed type. The duration of follow up was from 1 month to 60 months [median: 14 months] There were eight early and one late deaths, and the overall mortality was 24%. The deaths during 1 year of life were eight [89%] and only one death [11%] occurred above 1 year of age. The mortality of cardiac type was unusually high, accounting for 56 percent of the total death, which was probably due to the preoperative poor clinical condition such as pulmonary edema and congestive heart failure. The major cause of death was the perioperative myocardial failure, and the survival was closely related to the preoperative clinical status, age and moderately elevated pulmonary arterial pressure, the sign of the elevated pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary venous obstruction. Early diagnosis and early application of surgical intervention is essential to the improved postoperative survival

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제28권8호
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• pp.747-753
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• 1995

Patients over 14 years of age who have undergone a surgical correction of a congenital cardiac malformations during period of August 1959 through December 1993 have been reviewed. During this period, there were 6894 cases of congenital cardiac lesions consisting of 4576 acyanotic and 2318 cyanotic cases. Among them, a total of 1389 adults [20.1%with various congenital cardiac malformations, 1126 acyanotic group and 263 cyanotic group were operated on. 677 patients were male and 712 patients were female. There were 444 patients under 20 years of age, 365 patients between 20-24 years, 220 patients between 25-29 years, 138 patients between 30-34 years and 222 patients over 34 years. The most common defects were atrial septal defect which accounted for 500 cases [36.0%and another common malformations were ventricular septal defect [276 cases, 19.9% , patent ductus arteriosus [207 cases, 14.9% , tetralogy of Fallot [185 cases, 13.3%and pulmonary stenosis [44 cases, 3.2%in order of incidence. Overall operative mortality for this series was 2.7% [1.5% of acyanotic group and 7.9% of cyanotic groupcompared with 4.6% of operative mortality of total cases of congenital cardiac malformations [2.9% of acyanotic group and 16.7% of cyanotic group . This reviewed series reveals the incidence of operable congenital heart defects appearing in any adult life and demonstrates that surgical repair can be accomplished with a satisfactory low mortality rate.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.267-271
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• 2012

The Nuss procedure for the correction of Pectus Excavatum (PE) is associated with intense postoperative pain. Our strategy to control early postoperative pain is to combine epidural with intravenous analgesia. Our aim was to analyse our pain control strategy by reviewing all the PE cases treated at our institution. Sixty consecutive patients, aged between 12 and 26 years old, received the PE operation at our institution from January, 2007 to September, 2010. The median age was 16 (12-27) with a male/female ratio of about 7/1. An epidural catheter was employed in all the cases, with 38 patients (63%) requiring additional drugs to control pain, which remained in place for 74 hours (72-96). The pain score was higher in male patients, but lower in those younger than 16 years old. Moreover, patients that consumed benzodiazepines had a significant decrease in cumulative opioid intake (P = 0.0408). Both gender and age had an impact on pain control, while we noticed a synergistic effect between opiates and tranquillizers.