• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.499-507
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to investigate middle school students’ understanding of ionic equation. Two hundreds and nineteen middle school students were participated in the study. After six class hours of learning ‘electrolyte and ion’ unit, instrument was implemented to evaluate students’ understanding of ionic process and ability to write ionic equation. We analyzed the influence of characteristics of ionic compounds on correct answer rate. In addition, knowledge state of students required for writing ionic equation was analyzed. The results were as follows: First, ionic compounds tested were categorized into six groups. The correct answer rate was different depending on the characteristics of each group. Second, knowledge state required for writing ionic equation was structured. Based on results some suggestion were made to develope effective learning strategy for understanding ionic equation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2009.01a
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• pp.547-550
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• 2009

The object recognition mechanism of human being is not well understood yet. On research of animal experiment using an ape, however, neurons that respond to simple shape (e.g. circle, triangle, square and so on) were found. And Hypothesis has been set up as human being may recognize object as combination of such simple shapes. That mechanism is called Figure Alphabet Hypothesis, and those simple shapes are called Figure Alphabet. As one way to research object recognition algorithm, we focused attention to this Figure Alphabet Hypothesis. Getting idea from it, we proposed the feature extraction algorithm for object recognition. In this paper, we described recognition of binarized images of multifont alphabet characters by the recognition model which combined three-layered neural network in the feature extraction algorithm. First of all, we calculated the difference between the learning image data set and the template by the feature extraction algorithm. The computed finite difference is a feature quantity of the feature extraction algorithm. We had it input the feature quantity to the neural network model and learn by backpropagation (BP method). We had the recognition model recognize the unknown image data set and found the correct answer rate. To estimate the performance of the contriving recognition model, we had the unknown image data set recognized by a conventional neural network. As a result, the contriving recognition model showed a higher correct answer rate than a conventional neural network model. Therefore the validity of the contriving recognition model could be proved. We'll plan the research a recognition of natural image by the contriving recognition model in the future.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.403-412
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• 2021

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to assess oral health knowledge and behavior levels of community pharmacists as a step toward projecting them to play the role of oral health partners and to confirm pharmacists' willingness to participate in oral health education programs. Methods: t-test and one-way analysis of variance were performed to analyze the data, and correlation analysis was also performed. Results: The mean score for pharmacists' oral health knowledge was 7.29 out of 10. Of the 12 questions asked, the correct answer rate was highest for the question about the effect of smoking cessation on periodontal disease prevention; conversely, the correct answer rate was lowest for the question about the effect of taking medication for gingival infections on periodontal disease prevention. The mean score for pharmacists' oral health behavior was 2.97 out of 4 points. Of all oral health behaviors, brushing twice a day was the most practiced, whereas immediately visiting a dentist in case of an oral health issue was the least practiced. Pharmacists' oral health knowledge and behavior levels showed a weak positive correlation with their intention to participate in oral health education programs. Conclusions: Oral health education programs are necessary to improve community pharmacists' oral health knowledge and behavior.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.348-355
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• 2015

Purpose: This survey aimed to identify cough etiquette knowledge and practice level among university students. Methods: 190 study subject were recruited from a university located in C city of Korea and data were collected utilizing self-reported questionnaires to evaluate cough etiquette knowledge and practice levels. Results: The score of cough etiquette knowledge was 7.38 out of 12 and the correct answer rate was 61.5%. The respondents showed the highest right answer rate (85.3%) on 'cover with a paper tissue or a handkerchief while coughing' and lowest (20.7%) on 'cover with hand while coughing'. Practice level score was 27.28 out of 48. Among those items of practice, 'wearing a mask while coughing' was the lowest (1.40/48) level of practice. And the correlation between knowledge and practice was not significant. Conclusion: Cough etiquette knowledge and practice level was revealed to be rather low among university students. Education and social marketing are needed to be developed to encourage the practice level of cough etiquette followed by better droplet infection control and health promotion.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.36-54
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate pre-service elementary school teachers' understanding about alternative energy and to identify their alternative conceptions. The two-tier instrument had been developed by Cheong et al. (2015) were used for this study. Twelve items from the instrument consisted of four categories: 'source of alternative energy', 'greenhouse gas emission', 'cost in electricity and construction' and 'advantages and disadvantages'. One hundred and fifteen pre-service elementary school teachers were participated in online survey during the semester. The results analyzed using SPSS 26.0. were as follows: First, the correct response rate varied depending on the content of item. Items related to characteristics and advantages & disadvantages of alternative energy showed high percentage of correct answers. Whereas, items regarding the principles of alternative energy showed relatively low percentage of correct answers. Second, there are some items showing statistically meaningful differences according to students' high school track. Nevertheless, there are no significant differences in overall. Third, we identified twelve alternative conceptions about alternative energy from students' answer distribution. Educational implications were discussed based on the results.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.576-593
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• 2021

In this study, in order to investigate the factors that affect the percentage of correct answers and the degree of discrimination of the TOEIC test, a regression analysis was performed using corpus indicators that influence correct answer rate and the degree of discrimination for each part derived from the item analysis. The basic calculation word_length, consistency index LSA_overlap_adjacent_sentences, lexical diversity MTLD_VOCD, conjunction All_logical_causal_connectives_incidence, situational model casual_particles_causal_verbs_Ratio, syntactic complexity Left_embeddedness, and syntactic pattern density Infinitive_density were found to have negative effects. These factors that lower the correct answer rate can be utilized when setting learning goals. Vocabulary diversity index MTLD_VOCD, conjunction Additive_connectives_incidence, syntactic pattern density Infinitive_density, and lexical information person1_2_pronoun_incidence were found to have a positive effect. Factors influencing the increase in discrimination may provide important information for developing a learning program.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.489-500
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• 2013

This study was conducted to establish an effective palate cleanser when conducting descriptive analysis for gochujang products. In addition, descriptive analysis procedure for gochujang products was optimized. A generic descriptive analysis was performed on 4 types of gochujang samples varying in hot and spicy levels. The sensory attributes developed were 9 odors, 13 flavors, 4 texture and mouth feel attributes, and 4 appearance attributes. In order to select an effective palate cleanser for gochujang, 5 types of cleansers were tested (water, water+bread, water+cucumber, water+milk, water+cracker). Correct answering rate, significant numbers of product effect on sensory attributes, and the mean hot and spicy intensity values were considered to select the optimal palate cleanser. Results showed that as the hot & spicy level increased, red pepper odor and flavor significantly increased whereas umami taste intensity decreased. When comparing the efficiencies of various palate cleanser, the correct answer rates were the highest when warm water was used with either cucumber or cracker. Additionally, the attribute intensities were better differentiated between gochujang samples when cracker, white wheat bread, or cucumber were used. Overall, warm water with cucumber or cracker were shown to be the most effective cleansers.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.21-39
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• 2016

This research examined the Korean and American $6^{th}$ grade students' mathematical problem solving ability and methods via an intuitive thinking. For this, the survey research was used. The researcher developed the questionnaire which consists of problems with intuitive and algorithmic problem solving in number and operation, figure and measurement areas. 57 Korean $6^{th}$ grade students and 60 American $6^{th}$ grade students participated. The result of the analysis showed that Korean students revealed a higher percentage than American students in correct answers. But it was higher in the rate of Korean students attempted to use the algorithm. Two countries' students revealed higher rates in that they tried to solve the problems using intuitive thinking in geometry and measurement areas. Students in both countries showed the lower percentages of correct answer in problem solving to identify the impact of counterintuitive thinking. They were affected by potential infinity concept and the character of intuition in the problem solving process regardless of the educational environments and cultures.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.133-140
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine adolescents' knowledge and attitudes towards dementia and to provide basic data for educating about knowledge of dementia and strengthening positive attitudes towards dementia. Methods: This study used a descriptive research design. The subjects were 502 middle and high school students. A questionnaire organized by 16 questions of knowledge and 10 questions of attitudes towards dementia was used. Results: The subjects' knowledge level of dementia was low, and average score was $8.89{\pm}2.95$. The questions with low rate of correct answer were "Dementia is caused by several dozens of diseases such as internal medicine, neurology, psychiatry, etc.", "In spite of the dementia, patients can enjoy their favorite things." The subjects' average score of attitudes towards dementia was $3.72{\pm}0.58$. Questions of negative attitudes were "I don't want to be closed to patients of dementia.", "I watch information or prevention about dementia in mass communications media." The relationship between dementia-related knowledge and attitudes showed positive correlation. Conclusion: The result means the mediation is necessary for improving dementia-related knowledge and strengthening positive attitudes in adolescents. The education programs should be proceeded to provide adolescents with correct information about dementia.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.155-161
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to find out the personal characteristics of physical therapists, dementia awareness and dementia attitude, and to find out what relationship is there between personal characteristics and dementia awareness and dementia attitude. Methods: Participants in this study surveyed physical therapists who are members of the Association of Korean Physical Therapists on their awareness of dementia, and conducted online surveys from January 28 to February 27, 2021. The survey questions used in the survey consisted of 29 questions in total, including 9 general characteristics of the participant, 10 questions on perception of dementia, and 10 attitudes toward dementia. All 104 participants were surveyed, and 100 surveys were analyzed, excluding 4 surveys with insufficient responses. Results: In this study, the correct answer rate for all items in the dementia awareness sub-item was 65%, and the dementia attitude-related sub-items were generally positive. However, there was no significant correlation between personal characteristics such as gender, age, educational background, treatment target, treatment experience and dementia awareness, and no correlation with dementia attitude was significant. Conclusion: Regardless of personal characteristics such as gender, age, treatment target, and treatment experience, a positive attitude and correct recognition of dementia can improve the quality of treatment with dementia patients and increase the reliability of patients and caregivers.