• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.243-253
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• 2020

As economic profits and social influences of firms grow with economic development and their organizational expansion, consumers increasingly require firms to have their social responsibility. Because social responsibility strongly influences corporate reliability, consumers' intention to purchase, customer loyalty to the products and the recognition of an ethical firm have gained attention as a concept of strategical importance. The prosperity of society should be proceeded for the sustainable development of a firm and the necessity of social responsibility should be emphasized to achieve virtuous circle structure that promotes growth. Additionally, the social responsibility should be proceeded to form trust on a firm. It is very important to change the recognition of consumers to purchase products and increase the profit of a company. This study aims to analyze how social responsibility properties of firms (economic, ethical, discretionary, and legal aspects as low-level factors of social responsibility which Carroll (1979) defined) affect corporate reliability and purchase intention. The analysis found that consumers trust in firms are positively influenced by ethical responsibility (0.391), economic responsibility (0.293), legal responsibility (0.251), and discretionary responsibility (0.248). The relationship between sub-factor of social responsibility and purchase intention is not significantly influenced by other explanatory variables. Corporate trust exerts a direct influence on purchase Intention (0.456). The social responsibility of a firm didn't influence a direct purchase intention. It was found that it brought positive effect on the purchase intention in the course of forming trust. This study suggests that firms should make efforts to understand the relationship between corporate trust and purchase intention along with the characteristics of social responsibility that consumers recognize and improve management strategies for mutual complementary interests.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제12권12호
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• pp.83-92
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• 2014

Purpose - A business ecosystem refers to mutually dependent systems interconnected by a loose foundation of various ecosystem members such as customers, suppliers, partners, and other stakeholders. The ecosystem-based strategy attempts to achieve competitive advantage for firms by enriching a business ecosystem or building a sustainable business ecosystem through the collaboration and co-evolution of its members. A sustainable business ecosystem is a source of competitiveness for firms anda manageable resource for gaining a competitive advantage. Customers represent the core membership of the business ecosystem and play a pivotal role in building a sustainable business ecosystem. This study examines the effects of customer participation on economic and social value in the business ecosystem and suggests a course of action for building a sustainable business ecosystem. Research design, data, and methodology - Two business cases of South Korea are selected from two different business types: business-to-business (B2B) and business-to-customer (B2C) firms. Business ecosystems for B2B and B2C firms reflect contrasting characteristics. Data was collected from in-depth interviews with four representatives of four firms. Results - The study suggested seven propositions for the relationships between customer participation and a sustainable business ecosystem through multiple case studies based on in-depth interviews. The results reveal the following four strategic actions for building sustainable business ecosystems based on the suggested propositions: alignment, systemization, socialization, and co-evolution. Alignment refers to achieving a harmonic balance or virtuous circle among the firm's mission, investment, and value creation. Systemization refers to building and implementing management and infrastructure systems rooted in the corporate culture. Socialization of customers in the business ecosystem reinforces the harmony or virtuous cycle. Finally, co-evolution is associated with the relationship between firms and customers as buyer firms in a restricted business ecosystem. Conclusions - This study considers multiple cases for the execution of a sustainable business ecosystem in collaboration with customers and suggests seven propositions and four strategic actions. The results are based on qualitative data from interviews with business associates from two firms in an open business ecosystem and two firms in a restricted business ecosystem, both in South Korea. Our research results regarding two contrasting business ecosystems shed light on business issues and policy making in Asian business environments, which are in the transition stages from a traditional conglomerate-driven to an inclusive growth-driven economy. The business ecosystem itself should be considered a manageable resource for firms' competitive positions in the market. A customer is a member of the business ecosystem and should thus be viewed not only as a purchasing entity and an object of relationship management but also as a co-creator of value. Therefore, firms should collaborate with customers to build sustainable business ecosystems. For this, firms must create social value, which cannot be created by customers alone, within the business ecosystem. Then, customers participate in a business ecosystem and build it to be favorable to them. Implications for academics and practitioners were suggested.

• 경영과학
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.45-59
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• 2003

This study considers the local players in the European steel industry, whose the amounts of crude production are more or less 5 million tons per annum. They do not belong to the Pan-EU mega-group of steel mills with more than 15 million tons of crude production yearly. However, these mid-sized steel mills in European countries have been originated from the strong foundation of steel, scientifically and technically, as well as the centennial history. They concentrate on the niche market adjacent to the local area, which takes advantage of the geographical location. The companies considered here are VoestAlpine in Austria, Salzgitter in Germany, Rautaruukki in finland, and SSAB in Sweden. Their corporate strategies are compared on the basis of product mix and sales structure. And, the deep analysis for each company is performed, such as business strategies with the sales volumes, market strategies. competitiveness improvement planning. and R&D policies with the technology management. These analysis results can be benchmarked as the cases of best practices for domestic steel mills, especially mid & small sized companies, that develop business and market strategies for the sustainable growth and profitability.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.239-261
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• 2017

본 연구는 제품혁신에 초점을 맞추어 기술혁신이 기업의 수익과 재무안정성에 미치는 영향을 분석하고 기업의 지속성장을 위한 전략적 시사점을 도출하는 데 목적이 있다. 제품혁신은 신제품개발 및 도입으로 정의한다. 기업의 수익은 종업원 1인당 매출액과 매출액 증가율로 측정하고, 재무안정성은 자기자본대비 부채비율과 유동비율로 측정한다. 실증분석은 제품혁신의 내생성을 고려하여 2단계 추정법을 사용하였고, 분석자료는 "인적자본기업패널(HCCP)"의 1차(2005년)~6차(2015년) 자료와 한국신용평가(주)의 기업재무자료를 병합한 자료이다. 분석결과에 의하면, 제품혁신은 기업의 지식자본스톡과 인적자원투자, 시장선도전략 등에 영향을 받으며, 제품혁신이 활발히 이루어지는 기업일수록 1인당 매출액과 매출액 증가율이 높고 부채비율은 낮으며 유동비율이 높다. 이러한 분석결과는 기술혁신투자와 이를 통한 제품혁신이 기업의 단기수익 창출 및 장기적인 재무안정성을 촉진하는 중요한 전략이라는 것을 의미한다.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.378-395
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• 2019

This article is a suggestion for SME policy in Korea for the attention of the senior policy-experiencer of the whole nation, the Advisor to the President of Korea. This article is written from the perspective of technology policy experts, not SME experts. In spite of many SME policies, the issue of SMEs in Korea is worsening, not being resolved. Technology-oriented policies are effective for each company, but the role of SMEs is gradually decreasing in the Korean economy. Reflecting on this fact, I would like to suggest measures that include long-term, but social as well as educational. The solution I suggested is coexistence since sustainable growth through SMEs is not just an economic or social issue. It is a matter of survival. I propose four types of coexistence: corporate, local, human, and coexistence with nature. Getting coexistence works requires a change in social norms that mobilize even education.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제12권10호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2014

Purpose - This study aims to analyze the relationship between trends in innovative EU industries and market distribution in smaller emerging markets under an open economy. Research design, data, and methodology - Although innovation was well-distributed, due to socio-economic factors following European integration, CEE had not achieved sustainable economic growth. However, this paper analyzes the differences among changes in CEE innovation for smaller emerging markets dominated since 2000. Market distribution has facilitated new markets for innovative industries, according to EU surveys and economic indicators. Results - The dominance of the local industrial market distribution has deterred innovation investment the survey shows that innovation investment has been shrinking, despite the EU's open innovation policy for CEE employment and R&D. For the CEE case, there were expectation gaps and uncertainty about whether to use the new distribution dominance or TNCs' innovation in smaller emerging countries without local industrial innovation. Conclusions - Innovation generates market growth and distribution power however, small growth requires stimulation, and creativity and innovative edge need further focus in local public and corporate strategy.

• 벤처혁신연구
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.33-55
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• 2019

최근 들어 기업의 사회적 책임(CSR)에 대한 인식이 달라지고 있다. 지금까지 기업의 사회적 책임은 기업의 이미지 개선을 위해 일시적 방편 정도로 인식되었으나 기업의 지속성장을 위한 필수요건이라는 인식이 확산되고 있다. 기업의 사회적 책임은 시대나 경제환경에 따라 변해 왔으며 특히 글로벌 가치사슬이 중요해지면서 수출중소기업의 성장전략으로 자리잡게 되었다. 이러한 상황에서 CSR은 기업의 활동에 점점 필수불가결한 영역이 되고 있으며 이는 중소기업에게도 예외가 아니라고 할 수 있다. 그럼에도 아직 우리나라의 중소기업 CSR은 미진한 상황이며, 그렇기에 짧은 기간에도 불구하고 중소기업까지 CSR이 확산된 일본의 사례는 우리에게 정책적 시사점을 줄 수 있다고 판단된다. 일본의 경우 기업의 사회적 책임은 17세기 오미 상인들로부터 전통으로 내려왔다. 이들이 생각한 기업의 사회적 책임은 판매자에게 이롭고 구매자에게 이득이 있으며 사회에도 도움이 되어야 한다는 이른바 산포요시 정신으로 요약된다. 이런 전통이 일본의 중소기업들에게까지 순조롭게 적용된 일본의 CSR 사례를 바탕으로 다음과 같은 정책적 시사점을 제공하고자 한다. 첫째 국가적인 장기계획의 수립 및 보급이 필요하다는 점이다. 둘째 중소기업의 전략적 CSR 도입이 시급하다는 점이다. 셋째 대기업과 중소기업이 상생 협력하는 CSR을 추진해야 한다는 것이다.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.131-138
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• 2017

There is no easy answer to ensuring the world's rapid urban population growth is managed sustainably and in a manner that promotes economic growth, social cohesion, and health and wellbeing. However, densification of existing urban areas is increasingly recognised as an effective and socially responsible way for cities to accommodate growing populations and still operate as vital, vibrant spaces. The Future Spaces Foundation's Vital Cities: Transport Systems Scorecard explores how well-networked, safe and sustainable transport networks equip densifying cities to meet the needs of their rising and fast-changing populations. This paper uses data from the scorecard to examine the transport infrastructure and associated data networks of three large, rapidly densifying cities - Beijing, Mumbai and $S{\tilde{a}}o$ Paulo - and highlight the successful measures and policies implemented between them. It includes an in-depth explanation of the scorecard's methodology, and concludes with an appeal for people-focused transport design that values safety, urban vibrancy and individual wellbeing over corporate efficiency.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.23-48
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• 2018

SK group has been a pioneer in overall brand management and, more recently, in CSR-imbedded brand management. SK vision of "improving itself to give greater happiness to all of its customers" and the symbol mark of "Wings of Happiness" are some good examples of integrating distinct brand identities of various member companies. After impressive growth and expansions into diverse business areas, SK group is ranked as the third largest company based on asset amounts according to the Fair Trade Commission of Korea, only after Samsung and Hyundai Motor groups. SK brand management can be analyzed, using the framework of 4 stages - 'infrastructure', 'planning', 'doing', and 'seeing' stages. In order to secure 'infrastructure' of brand management system, SK has invested huge resources to the 'SK BMS' (SK Brand Management System). At the 'planning' stage, the most important task of SK like other Korean business groups is perhaps to adopt a well-organized 'brand identity (BI) system' which may consolidate brand values of individual member companies. In actuality, SK BI consists of Customer Happiness located at the center and 3 other elements of Pride, Professionalism, and Customer-orientation. At the 'doing' stage, the slogan of 'OK! SK' and the logo of 'Wings of Happiness' have been placed at the core of the SK group brand building programs. SK adopts the principle of 'independent yet united', pinpointing that each member company independently works for its business performance but it is, at the same time, encouraged to integrate its capabilities for the SK group brand. In addition, SK has sought 'shared growth' with business partners for happiness for all the members in the society. 'Social Contribution Philosophy' based on SK value of 'creation of greater happiness' is again one of the most important guidelines for CSR (corporate social responsibility) at the doing stage. At the seeing stage, SK regularly evaluates its branding programs. SK has shown some very impressive achievements in brand management: (1) a core identity of 'Customer Happiness' participating member companies may share, (2) harmonious relationships between the group brand management office and brand management divisions of member companies, and (3) consistency-keeping in brand management over time. However, there remain two major challenges: (1) globalization of SK and (2) reinforcing sustainable superiority over not only Korean rivals but also global ones.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.89-98
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• 2015

Purpose - In today's globalized and modern business environment, corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities are considered to be essential for the sustainable development of enterprises. In addition, the corporate philanthropy that is related to CSR practices, as well as their being capable of reducing the anti-corporate sentiment of people have facilitated a qualitative forward leap into the quantitative growth phase. This study aims to undertake a comparative evaluation of corporate philanthropy through the Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) method focusing on service and manufacturing industries, and to eventually determine a differentiated approach that is needed for corporate philanthropy. Research design, data, and methodology - The survey responses were collected through online research on specialized companies from consumers nationwide who were aged from 20 to 60 and who are aware of corporate philanthropy. A total of 408 sheets of questionnaire survey were used. Frequency analysis was undertaken in this study. The interviewees had demographic characteristics of gender: 206 males (50.5%) and 202 females (49.5%). They also had demographic characteristics of age: 82 people were over 20 (20.1%), 96 over 30 (23.5%), 105 over 40 (25.7%), and 125 over 50 (30.7%) years of age. The distribution of interviewees' residences is as follows: 154 persons (37.7%) in the Special City, 102 persons (25.0%) in the Metropolitan City, and 152 persons (37.3%) in the Provincial Region. The interviewees have been working for the following companies: 34 persons (8.3%) in LG Display, 80 (19.6%) in KT&G, 49 (12.0%) in Amore Pacific, 42 (10.3%) in KIA Motors, 47 (11.5%) in SBS, 52 (12.8%) in Shinhan Bank, 86 (21.1%) in Asiana Airlines, and 18 (4.4%) in Hyundai Department Store. We applied the paired t-test for the IPA analysis. PASW Statistics 18 was used for statistical analysis. Results - The results of IPA analysis indicated that the importance and performance degrees in both manufacturing and service industries were significantly different. Major empirical results showed that, in consumer, social, economic, philanthropic, and environmental dimensions, in the sub-factors of philanthropy activities in both manufacturing and service industries, the importance degree was found to be higher than performance degree. Further, the average difference between importance degree and performance degree by the sub-factors of philanthropy activities. On the other hand, the average difference of environmental dimension was found to be highest in both service and manufacturing industries. Thus, while consumers consider the philanthropy activities of the environmental dimension as most important, actual companies treat performance of philanthropy activities of the environmental dimension insufficiently or negligibly to some degree. Conclusions - The differentiated approach method that is required for corporate philanthropy may be proposed to uplift corporate accomplishments by analyzing the IPA of the attributes of the sub-factors of corporate philanthropy. This is, to an extent, insufficient in the existing studies related to the use of the IPA technique, and it shows the items that are to be conducted intensively.