• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.355-360
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• 1985

콩기름, 경화콩기름 및 옥수수기름을 형광하에서 산화시켜. 향미품질을 관능검사및 가스크로마토 그라피(GC)로 분석하였다. 관능검사의 경우, 10점 Hedonic scale을 사용하여 8개의 각기 다른 연구소에서 시행하였는데, 총 평가원의 수는 95명이었다. 관능검사에 의한 기름의 향미 품질값과 GC에 의한 계산된 향미품질 값 사이치 상관계수는 0.10$\sim$0.99사이에 나타났으나. 대부분의 경우 상관계수 0.9이상의 높은 상관관계를 보였다. 총평가원의 관능검사에 의한 향미품질값과 GC에 의한 향미품질값의 상관계수는 콩기름 0.96, 경화콩기름 0.97 및 옥수수기름 0.97이었다 가스크로마토그래피에 의한 향미품질값의 계산은 2.4-decadienal 이성체의 합계를 근거로 하였다. 이 상관관계 연구는, 식용유의 향미성분에 의한 품질검사가 GC분석, 관능검사및 통계처리가 적합할 경우, 실제 공정에 필요한, 유용한 방법으로 쓰일 수 있음을 시사하였다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.144-150
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• 1987

옥수수와 대두의 간작으로 옥수수의 종실수량은 감소시키지 않으면서 종대수확후 짚의 사료가를 고시킴은 물론 청예색대수량을 높이기 위한 방법과 효과를 시험하기 위해 '84년부터 '86년까지 3년간 간작물의 생육을 촉진시키기 위해 수광률을 높이는 재식방법과 품종의 선발시험을 실시한 후 그 결과에 따라 옥수수 사이에 콩과 동부를 간작하여 옥수수 종실수량, 간엽수량, 사료가 등을 검토하는 시험을 춘용에서 발행한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 동일재식밀도내에서 휴폭을 넓히는 경우 휴간내의 수광율은 파종후 40 일까지는 같았으나 그 이후부터는 휴폭이 넓을 수록 높아져 출수기에는 60cm휴폭(관행)에 비해 90∼180cm로 넓힐 경우 수광율은 1.7∼2.3배까지 높아졌다. 그러나 120cm 이상 휴폭을 넓히는 경우 수량감소가 커 옥수수의 감수 없이 간작작물의 수광율을 높일 수 있는 적정휴폭은 90cm까지인 것으로 나타났다. 2. 옥수수 품종간 휴간내의 수광률은 초장과는 유의성이 없었으나 엽형간에는 차이가 있어 초형이 직립일수록 높았고 수원 19호가 이러한 면에서 간작에 가장 적합한 품종으로 인정되었다. 3. 위의 결과에 따라 옥수수와 두류를 간작한 결과 옥수수 종자수량은 단작에 비해 감수되지 않았는데 이는 단작과 동일 재식본수를 확보하였고, 간작작물이 옥수수의 생육에 장해를 주지 못했기 때문인것으로 분석되었다. 4. 옥수수 간엽수량도 종실수량과 같은 경향으로 대류와의 간작시 감수되지 않았고 대류의 청예수량이 추가되므로서 총 청예수량은 23∼30％ 정도 증수되었다. 5. 옥수수와 두류와의 간작으로 생산된 옥수수 간엽과 두류식물체를 싸이레지로 제조한 후 사료가를 분석한 결과 단작에 비해 조단백. 조지방 등 사료가가 크게 증대되어 양질의 조사료 생산이 가능하므로서 자급사료 대책에 실용적으로 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대되었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.227-231
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• 2004

최근 급격히 증가되는 유전자 변형 식품의 안정성 논란과 관련하여 콩나물 및 콩나물 원료에 사용되는 국산 및 수입산 콩에 대한 유전자 변형 유전자의 정량 검사를 실시하고, 미량이나마 함유된 변형 유전자의 도입과정에 관한 연구를 실시하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 1.콩나물의 유전자 변형 농산물 검사는 2000년과 2001년에 원료콩 96건, 완제품 123건 등 총 219차례 실시하였다. 2. 원료콩에서는 단 한 건의 양성반응도 없었던 반면, 완제품에서는 2000년에 3건, 2001년에 8건에서 0.01-0.17％의 함량으로 CP4EPSPS 또는 35S promoter도입유전자가 검출되었으며 이는 법적 기준치인 3％보다 훨씬 낮은 비의도적 혼입이었다. 3. 외래유전자가 검출된 11건의 완제품은 국산콩으로 만든 7개 제품과 중국산 수입콩으로 만든 4개 제품이었다. 4. 이들 도입 유전자의 원료콩 및 제조과정 중 유입 경로를 확인하기 위하여 다양한 시료를 검사하였다. 샘플은 양성반응제품 원료콩 전수검사, 원료콩 표면, 저장고 바닥 및 정선기 주변, 그리고 콩나물 제품 포장 필름 표면 및 포장지 원료로 사용되는 옥수수 타분의 유전자 변형 여부를 정량검사하였다. 이들 중 두 개의 옥수수 타분 시료에서만 0.1％의 35S promoter 유전자가 검출되었다. 5. 콩나물 포장 공정 중 옥수수 타분을 사용하는 포장지에서 유래되는 변형 유전자 오염을 제시하였다. 향후, 콩나물 변형 유전자 검사시 용수, 필름 표면 등 제품주변에 존재하는 도입 유전자의 정량분석 방법 구축과 원료콩 샘플 방법 및 샘플량의 표준화가 시급히 필요하다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.712-719
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• 2017

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of inclusion level on the digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME), and total tract digestibility of acid-hydrolyzed ether extract (AEE) of cottonseed oil when fed to growing pigs. Methods: Forty-two barrows (initial body weight = $35.51{\pm}2.01kg$) were randomly allotted to a completely randomized design with a corn-soybean meal basal diet, five levels of cottonseed oil (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%) and a 10% soybean oil diet. Each diet was replicated six times with one pig per replicate. The experiment lasted 19 days, 7 d for cage adaptation, 7 d for diets adaptation and last 5 d for feces and urine collection. The energy values and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of cottonseed oil and soybean oil were calculated by the difference method, and regression equations were established to predict the energy values of cottonseed oil. The apparent digested fat of the entire intestinal tract was also regressed against dietary fat intake to determine the true total tract digestibility (TTTD) and endogenous loss of fat for cottonseed oil. Results: The results showed that the DE and ME contents of cottonseed oil were not different as the inclusion level increased. The DE and ME values determined by the regression equation were 36.28 MJ/kg and 34.96 MJ/kg, respectively, and the values were similar to the mean DE and ME values calculated by the difference method (36.18 and 35.56 MJ/kg, respectively). The ATTD of cottonseed oil was also not affected by the inclusion level of cottonseed oil, and the TTTD and EFL determined by the regression method were 92.40% and 13.83 g/kg of dry matter intake for corn-soybean basal diet. The DE, ME, and ATTD of AEE in soybean oil determined by the difference method were 35.70 MJ/kg, 35.20 MJ/kg and 92.31%, respectively. There were no differences in the DE, ME, and ATTD between cottonseed oil and soybean oil, although the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids for soybean oil was higher than for cottonseed oil. Conclusion: The DE, ME, and ATTD values of cottonseed oil were not affected by its dietary inclusion level. The energy values of cottonseed oil determined by the difference and regression methods were similar. Furthermore, the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acid for oils was not the decisive factor to influence the energy values and ATTD of oils.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.92.2-93
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• 2003

Severe soybean-sprout rot was found at the mass productive factory in 2000 and 2001 and it caused 10-20％ loss of the production. Pythium sp. was isolated almost 90％ by potato dextrose agar from rotted root and hypocotylsof the sprouts. And the pathogencity tests using test tubes with 2％ water agar and small containers (30 ${\times}$ 30 ${\times}$ 50 cm, WxLxH) cultivation were shown a similar rot on roots and hypocotyls. The fungal mycelium grew rapidly on the water agar and it prevented the seed germination. Density of the Pythium sp. in the recycled water system at the factory was periodically measured using a selective medium, corn meal agar with Pimaricin 10 mg, Rifampicin 10 mg, Ampicillin 100 mg per 1 liter in order to check the contamination of recycled water. After fitering step using 5 and 1 ml in the recycled system was applied and it was effectively controlled Pythium rot. The daily yield of sprout was stable and the occurrenceof Pythium in the recycled water was much less after filtering. The fungal isolates were identified as Pythium deliense Meurs based on various mycological characteristics on corn meal agar and sucrose-asparagine bentgrass leaf culture medium. P. deliens oogonia were spherical, smooth, 19-23 urn in diameter, and their stalk bending toward antheridia. Antheridia were straw hat-shaped, curred club-shaped, therminal or intercalary, monoclinous, occasionally diclinous, 12∼15 ${\times}$ 8∼11 um, 1(∼2) per oogonium.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.63-79
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• 2006

Korea's self-sufficient food ratio on a quantity basis remained a low 27.6 per cent for cereals in year 2004. Even the public auction of imported rice from the United States kicked off a couple of days ago to allow foreign rice to be sold directly to consumers on the Korea market for the first time. Therefore the safety of imported food must be a great concern of Korean consumers. All imported agricultural products are supposed to be quarantined for controlling the insect and inspected for the potent risk like residual pesticides, aflatoxin, sulfur dioxide and genetically modified. agricultural products. The 12 percent of agricultural products contained the insects detected by National Plant Quarantine was fumigated with methyl bromide or aluminum phosphide and entered the custom. The most large portion of violated agricultural products (24 cases in 2004) inspected by Korea Food and Drug Administration was dried herbal medicinal foods contaminated by sulfur dioxide which must be treated when they were dried in China. The second factor made the imported agricultural products to be criminals (19 cases in 2004) was residual pesticides. Genetically modified agricultural products like soybean and corn are under control by labelling in Korea. Genetically modified soybean and corn have been used for oil expression mostly. It is the time to set up realistic risk assessment system for our consumer with the pouring imported agricultural products.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2006

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of choice feeding on growth performance, carcass quality, gastrointestinal development and feed utilization of 22-49 days old broilers. One hundred and forty four 22-day-old broilers were randomly allocated to 3 treatments with 4 replicates per treatment and 12 birds per replicate. Three feeding regimes are complete diet (control), ground corn and protein concentrate (treatment I), and soybean meal and balancer (treatment II). Protein concentrate is the residue part of complete diet without corn, and balancer is the residue part of complete diet without soybean meal. Treatment I and II are designed for the broilers to freely choose the two parts of diet. The results showed that: (1) broilers under choice feeding (treatment I and II) had lower performances compared with the control; (2) gastrointestinal development and the efficiency ratios that broilers converted dietary crude protein and lysine to body weight gain were improved in treatment I (p<0.05); (3) there were no significant differences in the apparent metabolizabilities of dietary dry matter, crude protein and gross energy, and deposition ratios of dietary nitrogen and energy, and carcass quality among three feeding regimes (p>0.05).

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.356-361
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• 2006

The present study was conducted to determine plant growth and physiological responses of corn, barnyardgrass, and soybean to ALA (5-aminolevulinic acid). ALA effect on early seedling growth of test plants was greatly concentration dependant, suggesting that it inhibits at higher concentrations. No significant difference in herbicidal activity of two types of ALA on plant height and weight of test plants was observed. Barnyardgrass was the most sensitive to ALA and followed by corn and soybean, indicating that both crop plants were less affected by ALA concentration as well as different growth stages than barnyardgrass. Greatly reduced chlorophyll contents from leaves of three plant species were observed with increasing of ALA concentration. Compared with untreated controls, higher amounts of three tetrapyrroles were detected from three crop plants, indicating more accumulation in ALA-treated plants. The differential selectivity among plant species would be explained with the differences in tetrapyrrole accumulating capabilities, the susceptibility of various greening groups of plant species to the accumulation of various tetrapyrroles, and their metabolism in various plant tissues. The results indicate that negative biological potential of ALA exhibited differently on plant species, and that the photodynamic herbicidal activity against susceptible plants highly correlated with the extent of tetrapyrrole accumulation by the species.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2021

A total of twenty-four multiparous sows (Landrace × Yorkshire) and their litters were used in this 21-day experimental trial. Based on their body weight, sows were randomly allocated into one of three treatments with eight replicates. The dietary betaine supplementation contained three levels: (i) CON (Basal diet + 0% Bet), (ii) Bet 0.05% (CON + 0.05% Betaine), and (iii) Bet 0.15% (CON + 0.15% Betaine). The supplementation of betaine had no effect (p > 0.05) on body weight and feed intake of lactating sow. Moreover, no significant response was observed on backfat thickness, body condition score, and weaning of the estrus interval with the dietary supplementation of betaine. In addition, the litter weaning weight, litter weight gain, average litter daily gain, and survivability rate at birth showed no significant difference with the dietary betaine supplementation of the sow diet. Fecal scores of the lactating sows and suckling piglets were not affected (p > 0.05) with the dietary betaine supplementation compared with the control diet during the experimental periods. The findings of this study showed that betaine supplementation does not boost growth performance, feed intake, body conditions, and fecal score in lactating sows and suckling piglets fed a corn-soybean meal-based diet.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.1043-1049
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• 2016

A total of 16 growing pigs (Landrace${\times}$Yorkshire${\times}$Duroc, average weight $71{\pm}2kg$) were used in this experiment for 24 days to determine the effect of replacing ground corn with barley varieties on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and blood metabolites. Each pig was housed individually in a metabolic cage with a nipple waterer and feeder. Four dietary treatments included control (a corn and soybean meal-based diet) and 3 barley varieties (Youngyang, Wooho, or Yuyeon barley replacing 40% of ground corn). Growth performance and nutrient digestibility were not affected by replacement of 40% of ground corn with one of the three barley varieties (p > 0.05), but final body weight was. As for blood characteristics, pig treated with all of the barley treatments had no effect (p > 0.05) on total protein, albumin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LD), and glucose in comparison with control; however, there was a difference in high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels between the control and all of the barley replaced treatment groups (p < 0.05). In conclusion, in spite of statistically significant differences, each of the three barley varieties is a suitable substitute for ground corn in the diet of growing and fattening pigs without adverse effects on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and blood characteristics.