• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1990

Effects of mycorrhizal infection on the growth of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum) and corn (Zea mays) seedlings have been studied by comparing plants grown in sterilized soil/sand mixtures to plants grown in sterilized soil/sand mixtures with topping the original non-sterile field soil. The original nonsterile field soil, which were taken from the bell pepper field, contained a high level of endmycorrhizal spores. After seven weeks, the shoot height of inoculated plants was increased by 110% in bell pepper, and 90% in corn compared with the control plants. The average above-ground biomass of inoculated plant was increased by 88% in bell pepper and 71% in corn compared with the control plants. The shoot-root ratios in bell pepper and corn were 2.7 and 1.8 for the control plants, and 4.3 and 2.7 for the treatment plants, respectively. Phosphorus level in inoculated plant was higher than that of the control plant. However, nitrogen contents were similar between the control and the treatment plants. The control plants didi not form vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae during the experimental period.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.569-577
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• 1996

본 실험은 콩(황금콩, 방사콩), 땅콩(남대땅콩, 진풍땅콩) 및 옥수수(진주옥, 수원19호)를 공시재료로 하여 PEG처리에 의한 수분 포텐셜이 발아 및 묘의 생육과 저장양분의 함량변화에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 실시되었다. 이 실험에서 발아 배지로 사용된 PEG(M.W. 10,000)용액의 수분 포텐셜은 각각 0.0, -0.2, -0.SMPa이었다. 묘의 수분함량, 묘장이 조사되었으며, 단백질, 지방, 전분은 종자의 함량에 대한 감소율과 가용성 당은 증가율로 조사되었다. 1. 세 작물중 콩의 수분흡수율이 가장 높았다. 2. 세 작물 모두 -0.5MPa의 수분포텐셜에서 수분함량이 현저하게 감소하였고 묘의 신장은 수분포텐셜이 감소함에 따라 지연되었다. 3. 수분포텐셜이 감소함에 따라 종자발아에 의한 단백질의 감소율은 콩과 땅콩에서 낮았고, 전분의 감소율은 옥수수의 -0.5MPa 처리에서 낮았다. 4. 수분포텐셜에 의한 당의 증가율은 세 작물 모두 -0.5MPa에서 현저하게 감소하였다. 5. 세 작물 모두에서 발아를 위한 수분의 이용은 -0.5MPa 이하의 수분포텐셜에서 영향을 받으며, 당의 합성에 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.75-78
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• 1977

본시험(本試驗)은 Al 독성(毒性)을 유발하는 Al Form 을 알아보기 위하여 옥수수 유묘(幼苗)를 완전영양액(完全營養液)과 hydroxy Al 용액(溶液) 또는 Al-citrate 용액(溶液)에 번갈아 기른 결과(結果) Hydroxy Al 용액(溶液)에서 기른 옥수수 유묘(幼苗)는 Al 독성(毒性)이 심하게 나타났으나 Al-citrate 용액(溶液)에서는 독성(毒性)이 나타나지 않았다. Al-citrate 용액(溶液) PH7에서 기른 옥수수 유묘(幼苗)는 철부족(鐵不足) 증상이 심하였는데 아마 이것은 PH가 상승함에 따라 Al- 나 Fe- Organic Complexes의 Stability Constant가 낮아져서 Al- 나 Fe- 가 hydroxide로 침전(沈澱)하기 때문인 것 같다. 부식산(腐植酸)의 첨가는 Al 독성(毒性)을 약간 완화(緩和)시켰으나 PH 7.0에서는 심한 철부족(鐵不足) 현상을 일으켰다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.321-323
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• 1990

Membrane proteins isolated from the coleoptile and mesocotyl tissues of corn seedlings were solubilized with Triton X100 and reconstituted with phosphatidylcholine at 2$0^{\circ}C$. The proteoliposomes were incubated and proton uptake into the vesicles was measured with a spectrophotometer. Addition of ATP to the reaction mixture was found to result in an active accumulation of proton into the vesicles. These results indicate that the preparation contains tightly bound phosphatidylcholine vesicles with reconstituted H+ -ATPase from the plant cell membranes.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.315-320
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• 1990

We investigated the interaction of auxin and Ca2+ on coleoptile segment elongation in seedlings of Zea mays L. Seedlings imbibed and raised either in the presence of 10 mM CaCl2 (HC), or in the absence of Ca2+ (LC) were used. Exposure to 10-5M auxin of coleoptiles from either HC or LC seedlings resulted in strong promotion of elongation. However, longer latent period (90 min) of the auxin effect was observed in HC than in LC seedlings (20 min). The length of latent period observed in HC coleoptiles was proportional to the concentration of CaCl2. The latent period of auxin effect observed in HC seedlings was abolished by pretreatment of the coleoptiles with TMB-8 which inhibits IP3-induced Ca2+ release from the tonoplasts. In segments of LC seedlings, the promotive effect of IAA (10-5M) was abolished by treatment with 5 mM calcium but was reversible upon treatment of the segments with 5 mM EGTA. These results suggest that the effect of auxin on coleoptile elongation is closely related to intracellular Ca2+ level.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.135-151
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• 1982

This investigation was carried out to clarify the changes of pigments and soluble protein, and photosystem II activity in the leaves of barley (${SO}_2$-sensitive) and corn (${SO}_2$-resistant) seedlings induced by the ${SO}_2$ fumigation (10, 50ppm). The pH changes of the leaf extract, the content of sulfite and sulfate, the activities of catalase, peroxidase, and polyphenoloxidase were compared in the leaves of barley and corn seedlings induced by ${SO}_2$ fumigation. The results are summarized as follows: An appreciable effect of pH change of leaf extract by ${SO}_2$ fumigation was observed in barley leaves (pH 6.10 to 5.18), but only a small change occurred in corn leaves (pH 5.66 to 5.50). The same pattern of pH changes was recorded when the solution of 0.2N HCl was added to leaf extract, providing lower buffering capacity of the barley leaves than corn leaves. After 2 hours of exposure to 10 ppm ${SO}_2$, the contents of ${SO}^{2-}_3$ and ${SO}^{2-}_4$ were increased in barley leaves, while only ${SO}^{2-}_4$ increased in corn leaves. After fumigation with 10ppm ${SO}_2$ for 2 hours, barley leaves showed significant decreases in activities of catalase, to 17% peroxidase, to 58%, and polyphenoloxidase, to 88%. Corn leaves showed increases in activities of peroxidase, to 136%, and polyphenoloxidase, to 128%. Absorption spectra of pigments obtained from ${SO}_2$-fumigated leaves were gradually decreased with the fumigation time increases, but the decrease was more significant in barley leaves. Fumigation with 50ppm ${SO}_2$ for 2 hours induced the greatest decomposition in carotenoid, followed by chlorophyll a and then chlorophyll b in barley leaves. The ratio of chlorophyll a/b was decreased from 4.1 to 3.6 in barley leaves, but in corn leaves it was maintained almost a constant level(4.9-4.8). The rate of decomposition of chlorophyll and carotenoid in corn leaves was very slow than those in the barley leaves. Fumigation with 50 ppm ${SO}_2$ for 2 hous, decreased the protein content of barley leaves to 59%, and that of corn leaves to 89%, and the extent of decrease in protein content was greater than that of pigments in barley and corn leaves. The rate of DCIP9dichlorophenol indophenol) photoreduction in ${SO}_2$-fumigated leaves was decreased to 18 and 67% in barley and corn leaves, respectively. However, DCIP photoreduction was considerably recovered about 32 and 92% with the addition of DPC(diphenylcarbazide) as an exogenous electron donor in barley and corn leaves, respectively.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.91-95
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 옥수수 유묘를 이용한 간단한 혹명나방 사육체계를 보고하고자 한다. 본 사육체계는 온도 $25{\pm}2^{\circ}C$, 상대습도 410%, 광주기 16L:8D 의 실험실 조건에서 알, 어린유충(1-3령), 큰 유충(4령-전용), 번데기단계로 혹명나방 개체군을 나누어서 보호, 유지하였다. 본 사육체계에서는 특히 폴리스티렌 용기(위 ${\phi}11.3{\times}$ 아래 ${\phi}9{\times}$ H8cm)를 이용하여 채란법을 새롭게 개선시켜 쉽게 알을 보관하고 장기간 저장이 가능하도록 하였다. 본 사육체계에서 누대 사육된 집단의 용화율, 우화율, 번데기무게는 기존의 옥수수 유묘를 이용한 시험결과와 대등하였으며, 인공사료를 이용한 사육결과 보다는 우수하였다. 따라서 본 사육체계는 시험에 필요한 혹명나방 공시충을 확보하는데 보다 유용할 것으로 판단되었다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.137-144
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• 1989

In order to clarify the effect of the associative nitrogen fixing bacteria on the growth of corn(Zea mays L. Suwon19), we inoculated corn seedlings with Azospirillum amazonense Y1, a micro-aerobic and acid-tolerant nitrogen fixer, and analyzed the growth and dry matter production and changes of nitrogen and phosphorus quantity of the plant during the growing period. The inoculation of associative N-fixing bacgteria increased the growth of height, leaf area, dry weight and total nitrogen quantity of the plant by 15.4%, 65.4%, 33.7% and 38.0%, respectively, on the day of 56th after sowing. Especially the inoculation of A. amazonense Y1 showed two to three-fold accumulation of phosphorus in each organ of plant. The associative bacteria accelerated the growth of the under ground parts more than those of the upper ground parts of corn plant, and caused decrease in T/R ratios.

• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물학회 1996년도 한국생물과학협회 국제학술대회
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• pp.216-216
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• 1996

No Abstract, See Full Text

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제3권
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• pp.21-25
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• 1964

1. 본 시험은 이병된 식물의 잔재물 또는 토양중에 있는 맥류적미병균(Gibberella zeae (Mont.) Sacc.)이 14종의 작물유묘에 미치는 병원성을 검정하고자 하였다. 2. 이들 작물은 병원균을 인공적으로 접종한 토양, 그리고 맥류적미병의 발생이 자연적으로 심했던 곳과 경했던 곳의 토양에 공시하여 본균에 대한 이병성을 검정하였다. 3. 인공접종시험에 있어서 보리, 밀, 호밀, 콩, 벼, 메밀, 옥수수, 목화, 녹두는 이병성이었고, 팥, 참깨, 수수, 무, 배추 등은 저항성을 나타내었다. 4. 인공접종시험에 있어서, 이병성작물의 발아율은 벼, 옥수수, 목화를 제외하고 접종토양과 배접종토양에 있어 현저한 유의차가 있었다. 아시전립고는 보리, 옥수수에서만, 아시후립고는 호밀, 밀, 벼, 메밀, 보리, 옥수수에서 일어났다. 이병성작물의 대부분은 제2차근이 거의 부패하였고 제1차근도 부패 내지 변색되어 있었다. 이병성작물은 초장이 접종토양과 비접종토양에 있어 현저한 유의차가 있었다. 5. 자연상태에서 맥류적미병의 발생이 심했던 곳과 경했던 곳의 토양에 보리, 밀, 호밀을 파종하였으나 본균에 의한 침해나 영향을 발견할 수 없었다.