• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.598-607
• /
• 2008

Bast fibers were applied for various usages from fabrics to household care products long time ago. In this study, we investigated the physical characteristrus of water retted & chemically rotted fibers of Yucca, New Zealand hemp, Corn, Kuzu vine, Indian mallow, and Mulberry paper that have been harvested by domestic cultivation. Water retting is more effective than chemical rotting for six kinds of plant fibers. When all fibers were rotted chemically with 1% sodium hydroxide, only Kuzu vine and Indian mallow were retted. Indian mallow, Yucca, New Zealand hemp, and Com fibers have higher tensile strength than any other fibers. The crystallinity of Kuzu vine, Indian mallow, Yucca, New Zealand hemp, and Corn was as low as 60% but Yucca, New Zealand hemp were flexible. Yucca had fewer lumina whereas New Zealand hemp more lumina in cross sectional shape. Especially com fibers have a structure like sponge, and Indian mallow had a net shape. The longitudinal section of New Zealand hemp showed smooth and long shape. Mulberry paper was proved to be short and thin, which is quite appropriate for making paper. In this study, we found that plant fibers for living material could be used for cloth materials.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제53권2호
• /
• pp.171-176
• /
• 2011

본 연구는 성성숙 전 한우 암송아지의 일일 유지 단백질(CPm) 요구량을 구하기 위하여 평균체중 143.1 kg (실험 1)과 257 kg (실험 2)의 각 6두씩을 3수준의 단백질을 급여하는 two 3 ${\times}$ 3 latin square design에 공시하였다. 실험 1에서는 기초사료로서 timothy 건초를 2.8 kg/d/head를 급여(LCP)하면서 분쇄옥수수와 corn gluten meal을 각각 250 g과 150 g (MCP) 그리고 500 g과 300 g (HCP) 보충 급여하였다. 실험 2에서는 기초사료로서 timothy 건초를 4.8kg/d/head를 급여(LCP)하면서 분쇄옥수수와 corn gluten meal을 각각 350g과 250g (MCP) 그리고 700g과 500g (HCP) 보충 급여하였다. 실험 1에서의 CP 섭취량은 LCP, MCP, HCP구에서 각각 236.6, 340.1, 459.8g/d 이었고, 대사체중당 조단백질 균형은 각각 0.51, 1.87, 3.20g 이었다. 실험 2에서의 CP 섭취량은 LCP, MCP, HCP구에서 각각 415.2, 606.9, 793.0g/d 이었고, 대사체중당 조단백질 균형은 각각 0.67, 1.03, 2.99g 이었다. 실험 1과 2에서 얻은 CPm 요구량은 각각 4.58과 5.02/$BW^{0.75}$ 이었고 한우 사양표준(농림부, 2007)에서 채택하고 있는 5.56g CP/$BW^{0.75}$ 보다 낮았다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제39권6호
• /
• pp.902-908
• /
• 2010

식품 중 잔류농약의 안전성을 평가하고자 국내 22개 지역에서 수거한 농산물에 대해 농약 잔류 실태를 조사하였다. 조사대상식품은 쌀, 옥수수, 완두, 밤, 밀감, 레몬, 파인애플, 상추, 근대, 고구마줄기, 양파, 우엉, 호박, 피망, 양송이버섯의 15종이었으며 48종의 농약에 대해 GC/MS/MS 분석하였다. 총 1,064건 중 34건 시료에서 농약이 검출되어 3.20%의 검출률을 나타내었다. 쌀, 밀감, 레몬, 파인애플, 상추, 피망에서 7종의 잔류농약이 검출되었으나 검출량은 전부 잔류농약허용기준 미만이었다. 검출률 10% 이상 품목은 밀감(12.50%), 쌀(10.64%), 레몬(10.6%)이었으며, 10회 이상 다빈도 검출 농약은 chlorpyrifos(16회), fenobucarb(10회)이었다. 또한 검출된 7종의 농약에 대해 노출량 평가 결과 1인 1일 허용섭취량 대비 1일 추정섭취량이 아주 미미하여 위해도는 거의 없는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 환경영향평가
• /
• 제27권6호
• /
• pp.695-703
• /
• 2018

북한의 텃밭에서는 비료사용이 매우 제한적이므로 남북한 농업분야 협력사업의 하나로 텃밭 부산물을 이용한 퇴비 제조방법의 제안은 실용적 가치가 있다. 본 연구는 북한의 실정을 고려하여 토끼 분변과 옥수수 부산물이 가장 얻기 쉬운 원재료 물질로 판단하고 이를 이용한 퇴비 제조 방법을 제안하고자 하였다. 북한의 시료를 구하기는 불가능한 일이기 때문에 남한의 여러 지역에서 옥수수 부산물 시료를 구하여 이들의 이화학적 성질을 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 주요 비료 성분인 질소의 경우 남한 정도의 공간 규모에서 유의한 차이가 없었으므로 경기도 지역의 옥수수 부산물을 퇴비화 재료로 활용하였다. 토끼 분변도 여러 지역에서 수집 분석하였는데 이를 풀만을 급이한 중국 단동의 분변 시료와 비교하였다. 이 결과 사료를 먹은 토끼 분변의 질소 함량은 풀을 먹인 토끼 분변에 비해 유의하게 낮았다. 북한 상황을 고려할 때 텃밭에서 키우는 토끼는 사료가 아닌 풀을 급이할 확률이 크지만 재료의 가용성으로 인해 경기도 연천에서 토끼의 분변을 확보하여 퇴비화 재료로 활용하였다. 퇴비화 과정은 토끼 분변과 옥수수 부산물의 혼합비를 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 로 각각 처리하여 60일 동안 진행하였다. 그 결과 1:1 혼합비를 통해 제조된 퇴비는 부숙 완료 후 총 질소 함량은 1.98%이었고 유기물/질소 비도 31.7에 달하여 시판되고 있는 상업용 퇴비와 질적으로 차이가 없음을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제55권4호
• /
• pp.273-280
• /
• 2013

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of fermented king oyster mushroom by-products diet (FMBD) on the growth performance, blood characteristics, and carcass traits of fattening pigs and its economics. The fermented diet mainly contained 40.0% king oyster mushroom (Pleurotus eryngii) by-products, 20.0% corn, 28.0% soybean meal, 0.1% supplemental probiotics and 0.08% cellulase. The mixed ingredients were fermented for 1 d at $37^{\circ}C$ followed by 9 d at room temperature, after which they were dried at $45^{\circ}C$ for 3 d. Pigs (n=96) were divided into eight heads per pen, four diet treatments and three replications. The basal diet (C) was substituted with 20% (T1), 50% (T2) and 80% (T3) FMBD. The concentration of crude protein (CP) was significantly higher (p<0.05) at the end of the fermentation period. The average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency were significantly lower (p<0.05) in T3 than C. Additionally, carcass grade was significantly better (p<0.05) in all treatments than C and the ratio of high carcass grade was higher. Although substitution of FMBD decreased growth performance, it improved carcass grade and decreased the feed cost of fattening pigs. Therefore, it was expected that the increase in the utilization ratio of FMBD will reduce the cost of animal production.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제38권1호
• /
• pp.20-29
• /
• 2005

This study is conducted to determine the effects of dietary levels of corn and tuna oils on the formation of preneoplastic lesions in die-thylnitrosamine (DEN) induced rat hepatocarcinogenesis. Weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed 2.5, 5, 15, 25% (w/w) corn or tuna oils. Hepatocellular carcinogenesis was induced by DEN (200 mg/kg body weight) and two-thirds partial hepactectomy was carried out 3 weeks later and were sacrificed 8 weeks after DEN initiation. Tuna oil group showed smaller area of placental glutathione S-transferase (GST-P) positive foci than com oil group. Com oil group of 25% (w/w) showed the widest area of GST -P positive foci, and tuna oil group showed significantly smaller area of GST-P positive foci than com oil in 25% (w/w) level but had no differences between oil levels. Thio-barbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) content was the highest in 25% (w/w) level of tuna oil group fed long chain and highly polyunsaturated fatty acids. Also serum ${\gamma}$ -glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) activities in 25% level of tuna oil group were significantly higher than by other levels. As oil contents increased, glucose 6-phosphatase (G6Pase) seems to decrease in com oil groups but remained the same in tuna oil groups. Glutathione reductase (GR) activities were significantly higher in tuna oil group, and the higher the level of tuna oil, the higher GR activities. But Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities didn't seem to be influenced by levels and kind of dietary fats. Therefore, as oil levels increased, com oil rich in n-6 fatty acids promoted carcinogenesis but tuna oil rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) of n-3 fatty acids suppressed. Although lipid peroxidation products were elevated in 25% (w/w) tuna oil group, GST-P positive foci didn't increase. Therefore pre-neoplastic lesions might be reduced through mediation of a lipid peroxidation process in tuna oil. As fat contents of tuna oil increased, elevated GR activities may give a rise to produce more reduced glutathione in order to protect against free radical attack, and high G6Pase activities remained the same and they contributed to membrane stability. So tuna oil diet seems to protect hepatocarcinogenesis.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국농공학회 1999년도 Proceedings of the 1999 Annual Conference The Korean Society of Agricutural Engineers
• /
• pp.682-688
• /
• 1999

We threat sludge by heating methods with low pollution and high efficiency. Organic and inorganic components in Sludge can be almost removed through the heaging treatment process, and thefinal products are called artifical aoil or artificial media which are depended on temperature control. It can be recycled on the agricultural sites. Because it contained sort of organic matters while high heaging process with addition. To use them as agricultural materials, it need to know their characteristic transform in the nature. So we have planting bean and corn for two years with standard planting methods and to anticipate changing characteristics of artificial media and artificial soil by staying it natural condition, analyze it physical and chemical characteristics. This study will be contributed to reduce mass enviornmental problems by the treatment of Sludge and make it possible application for a agriculture use.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
• /
• 제4권3호
• /
• pp.165-170
• /
• 1989

영남지방의 농산물로부터 Aflactoxin 생성균을 분리하기 위해 쌀 59점, 메주 30점, 옥수수 32 점 , 보리 58점, 토양 33점, 땅콩 30점, 대두 45점 및 겉보리 60점을 1989년 3월에서 7월 사이에 수집하였다. 총 342 시료로부터 280종의 Asperigllus속 균주를 분리하였고, 그 중에서 29균주가 형광성을 나타내었으나 4균주가 표준 Aflactoxin과 Rf치가 같은 물질을 생산하여 전체시료의 1.3%가 Aflactoxin 생성균에 오염되어 있음을 알 수 있었고 균학적 성질을 관찰한 결과 4균주 모두 Asp. flavus group으로 추정되었다.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2000

The diffusion effect of simulated gastric juices into the various alginate vessel containing each biopolymer such as 0.3% soluble starch, whey, corn starch, agar, locust bean gum, guar gum, gum arabic, pectin, gelatin and 0.15% xanthan gum was tested by measuring the change of pH in the vessel. The degree of viability of bifidobacteria entrapped in each bead containing biopolymers was corresponded with the degree of diffusion inhibition of hydrogen into the each vessel. Therefore, The determination of diffusion inhibition of simulated gastric juices into the various vessel by measuring the change of pH in the vessel may be effectively used as the simple method to select the optimal entrapment lattice for the improvement of bifidobacteria viability. Bifidobacteria entrapped in alginate bead containing 0.15% xanthan gum whose lattice showed the lowest hydrogen diffusion were more significantly tolerant against bile salts and hydrogen peroxide than untrapped bifidobacteria. It was also observed that the viability of bifidobacteria entrapped in bead was nto nearly changed in milk adjusted pH 4.5 with organic adids at $4^{\circ}C$ for 10 days. Therefore, use of alginate containing 0.15% xanthan gum as a cell matrix for entrapping bifidobacteria was expected to improve the viability of bididobacteria in fermented milk products and develop the high value-added products.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• 제13권5호
• /
• pp.621-625
• /
• 1998

The raw starch hydrolysis by amylase prepared from alkaline-tolerant Bacillus sp. were investigated. Degree of hydrolysis(%) of 5%(w/v) raw rice, corn and potato starch by this enzyme were about 40, 25 and 20%, respectively. The hydrolysis action on raw starch by change of blue value was similar to the action pattern of exo ${\beta}$-amylase. The hydrolysis products of rice starch were mainly glucose and maltose. Oligosaccarides were also detected. From the above results, this enzyme was considered as exo type ${\alpha}$-amylase. This enzyme activity on the raw starch and the gelatinized starch were 28.40 and 86.60 IU/mg protein, respectively, and the ratio of raw starch-digesting activity to gelatinized starch-digesting activity (raw starch digestivity) was about 32%. The Km values for the raw and the gelatinized starch were 4.22 and 3.0mg/mL, respectively, and the VmaX values were 0.20 and 0.31mg/mL/min, respectively.