• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.99-107
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• 1998

This study intends to analyze residential satisfaction and preference of residents of urban core area. The main findings of this study are follows: First, the residents show high satisfaction levels for accessibility and availability of various facilities. However, they express relatively low levels of satisfaction for safety and amenities. Second, the satisfaction levels of female, housewives, and higher income earners are higher than the rest of residents. Third, more than half of core residents still want to live in the core area. This result implies the possibilities of residential development in the core area.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.10-19
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• 2006

Statement of problem : The various kinds of properties of post and core may affect the stress distribution to the root of endodontically treated teeth Purpose: To evaluate the influence of various kinds of properties of post and core to the stress distribution to the root of endodontically treated teeth. Material and methods: Mandibular first premolar, prepared by general shape of post and core with gold crown, was used to two dimensional axisymmetric modeling for finite element analysis. Then property values of 8 different kinds of post and core was substituted for each. Finally, stress distribution shown areas around the root of post and core was analysed after applying 50N of vortical and oblique load. Results: 1. Stress value of oblique load was much higher than the maximum stress value of vertical load. 2. Under oblique load, very concentrated stress was located on post periapical area and variations in stress were very severe. Contrary to this, stress distribution was relatively uniform in vertical load. 3. Post materials with higher elastic modulus showed relatively more apically focused stress, and post materials with lower elastic modulus showed stress focused on cervical area on the axial wall of post. 4. Stress change according to the properties of core was shown only in the cervical area of post and below core as the higher elastic modulus, then increased in stress. 5. Post and core with medium value of elastic modulus showed relatively uniform stress distribution. Conclusions: Post materials with higher elastic modulus showed relatively more apically focused stress, and post materials with lower elastic modulus showed stress focused on cervical area on the axial wall of post. Stress change according to the properties of core was shown only in the cervical area of post and below core.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.277-284
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• 2012

To meet the usage of discrete wavelet transform (DWT) on potable devices, this paper implements 2-level DWT using a reference many-core processor architecture and determine the optimal many-core processor. To explore the optimal many-core processor, we evaluate the impacts of a data-per-processing element ratio that is defined as the amount of data mapped directly to each processing element (PE) on system performance, energy efficiency, and area efficiency, respectively. This paper utilized five PE configurations (PEs=16, 64, 256, 1,024, and 4,096) that were implemented in 130nm CMOS technology with a 720MHz clock frequency. Experimental results indicated that maximum energy and area efficiencies were achieved at PEs=1,024. However, the system area must be limited 140mm2 and the power should not exceed 3 watts in order to implement 2-level DWT on portable devices. When we consider these restrictions, the most reasonable energy and area efficiencies were achieved at PEs=256.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.203-210
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• 2021

With the development of urbanization, the increasing of buildings density in urban core areas result in the complexity of construction environment. High-rise landmark building is always preferred in the construction of urban core areas. Super high-rise buildings construction are facing construction management difficulties due to the complex working conditions and enormous building system, especially with the complex surrounding environment of the urban core area, the construction management of super high-rise buildings in the area requires higher, refined and detailed standard. Based on a super high-rise project in a core area of Shanghai which has 370 m building height and 772,643 m² building area, with complex surrounding environment, narrow construction site and many super-high-altitude crossing works. With the application of BIM technology, the Internet of Things, the LAN communication and other various intelligent mechanical equipment, information management systems, the efficiency and refinement of construction management are improved, ensuring the smooth implementation of the project while effectively controlling the impact on the surrounding environment.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.77-88
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• 2003

The access area, so called "core" in the housing block, makes a buffer zone between public open space and private interior space, as well as offers chances of communication for the users. Planning and design of this area, however, tend to be not attended, comparing with another spaces in the multifamily housing block. This paper is aimed at investigating examplary model European cases and, thus, finding out some positive and applicable planning skills for multifamily housing in Korea. This study covers following aspects; firstly, the important social meaning of core area was analyzed in comparison of Korea and Europe, secondly, intensive studies on the spots, visiting German, Austrian and Dutch cases, made it possible to grasp the prevailling tendency toward assessment of this area in the Continent, Thirdly, useful planning elements and skills by European examples for more user friendliness, more economization and raising the quality of spatial design and sequential experience were founded out with regard to various core types. and lastly, some concrete guidelines for planning are presented for the improvement of so far monotnousely designed core area in the local multifamily housing. Consequently those European cases made it clear that the planning of core area is closely related to the total design of housing blocks. This study maybe conducive not only to the planning of this area, but also further to the increase of the quality of life in multifamily housing.y housing.

• 한국지열·수열에너지학회논문집
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.15-19
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• 2013

In this Study, effect of core position, area ratio and orientation of building on energy load is examined using TRNSYS17. This parameters are major parameters of the conceptual design stage. Reference model is square floor plan($1,444m^2$), centered core and 29% core area ratio. As the results, without considering the building orientation, the annual heating load of central building with 1:1 area ratio is lowest ($10.33kWh/m^2yr$) and the annual cooling load of off-central building with 1:1 area ratio is lowest ($59.27kWh/m^2yr$). As area ratio is bigger, cooling load is lower and heating load is higher. But if we consider building orientation, orders of heating load and cooling load are changed for area ratio and orientation.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2013

Number of children cared by child care centers has getting up almost half of the from zero to five year age group in korea. Home care children' activities are reported more active and natural than those of center care children. So this study seek the design guidelines for the residential core model of child care centers as second home in korea. The residential core model by Anita Lui Olds was selected and ten domestic center cases were surveyed for guidelines. Firstly, daily-residential core model is learning by daily life at home, and is equiped with cooking kitchenet and group activity area in group room. Secondly, play-residental core model is learning by playing by self, and is equiped with acting, eating and reading common area clustering two or three group room. Thirdly, eco-residental core model is learning by eco-friendly activities, and is equiped with companying, cooperating and sharing area. Fourthly, project-residental core model is learning by project by self, and is equiped with drawing, experimenting and presenting common area. Fifthly, the space of residential core model is organized with three or four group room and clustering living or common area. The larger the center is, the more the cluster is vertically. Facility area and outdoor playground per child is about 7 and $3m^2$.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.119-128
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 차세대 동영상 압축 표준인 HEVC의 핵심 프로세스 중 하나인 코어 변환기를 설계하고 이를 합성한 후 검증하였다. 제안하는 코어 변환기는 면적을 많이 차지하는 곱셈기 대신에 덧셈기와 쉬프터만을 사용하였으며, 쉬프터도 실제로는 와이어 연결과 멀티플렉서만을 사용하여 면적을 크게 줄였다. 또한 하나의 하드웨어로 $4{\times}4$에서 $16{\times}16$ 블록까지 모두 처리할 수 있도록 설계하였으며, 이를 위해서 연산처리기를 재사용하는 아키텍쳐를 제안하였다. 0.13um 공정으로 설계된 코어 변환기는 $16{\times}16$ 블록을 2-D 변환 처리하는데 160 사이클이 소요되며 게이트 수는 101,015 게이트이다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2013

본 연구는 두루미(Grus japonensis)의 이용분포 내에서 행동권 분석의 기법인 MCP(최소볼록다각형법), KDE(커널밀도측정법), LoCoH(국지근린지점외곽연결)를 이용하여 이용면적과 핵심서식지를 선정하였다. 또한, 각 기법의 차이와 의미를 고찰하도록 하였다. 두루미의 분포자료는 철원지역 2012년 2월 17일 조사자료를 사용하였다. MCP에 의한 두루미류 서식영역은 $140km^2$이었다. KDE 분석에서 띠폭에 해당하는 h값을 1000m, CVh, LSCVh로 달리하여 KDE 등치선을 생성하였을 때, 핵심지역에 해당하는(Kernel 50% 이상) 면적은 $33.3km^2$($KDE_{1000m}$), $25.7km^2$($KDE_{CVh}$), $19.7km^2$($KDE_{LSCVh}$)이었다. 결과적으로 띠폭에 대한 기본값(1000m)-CVh(554.6m)-LSCVh(329.9m) 순으로 변수를 작게 입력할 경우 핵심면적 개수는 늘어나고, 면적은 감소하였으며, 형태의 복잡성은 증가하였다. 두루미류의 KDE 분석에 의한 핵심지역의 선정에서 적합한 띠폭변수는 CVh 값인 것으로 판단되었다. LoCoH분석에서는 서식범위와 핵심지역(50% 등치선 이상의 지역)의 면적이 k값의 증가에 따라 증가하는 모습을 보였으며, 점차 큰 핵심지역으로 합쳐지는 모습을 나타내었다. 핵심지역을 도출하기에 적합한 k 값은 24로 나타났으며, 전체 개체군의 핵심지역은 $18.2km^2$로 전체 서식면적의 16.5%를 차지하였다. 최종적으로, LoCoH 분석은 두 개의 큰 핵심서식지를 제시하였으며, 이것은 KDE에 의한 핵심지역에 비하여 작은 수의 핵심지역을 제시한 것이었다. 국내의 게재논문 및 발표자료를 포함한 연구에서 KDE는 대부분 기본설정으로 분석되었으며, 띠폭에 의한 변수를 고려한 것은 매우 드물었다. 따라서 띠폭변수를 명확히 제시하는 것이 요구되었다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.70-76
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• 1999

This study was to measure the potential of nonwoody fibrous material, kenaf. Whole stalk of kenaf, Hibiscus cannabinus was separated by two parts of bast and core portion, and cooked separately by alkaline method. Morphological characteristic was evaluated using confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and fiber quality analyzer(FQA). The strength properties of handsheets, made by different mixing ration between kenaf base and core fibers, were measured. Cross-sectional area of bast fibers was smaller than that of core fibers, but the bast fibers had a thick cell wall and narrow lumen area. Bast fibers were longer in length than core fibers. Core fibers had thin cell walls, broad lumen areas, and short lengths, and they had collapsed shape even in water. These characteristics of core fibers affected strength properties of handsheet positively. When the amount of core fibers increased, the strength properties of handsheet were increased. When the amount of bast fibers increased, the handsheet had rougher surface and higher air permeability.