• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.1-15
• /
• 2012

In accounting for the so-called copy raising (CR) in English, the movement perspective has assumed that the embedded subject of the CR verb's sentential complement is raised to the matrix subject, leaving behind its pronominal copy. This kind of movement-based analysis raises both empirical and analytical issues, when considering variations in the pronominal copy constraint. This paper investigates the actual uses of the construction, using online-available corpora. Based on this corpus search, we classify two different types of copy raising predicates (genuine and perception), and discuss their grammatical properties in detail. We suggest that the simple copying rule couched upon movement operations is not enough to capture great variations in the uses of the construction, and show that interpretive constraints, e.g., perceptual characterization condition, play an important role in licensing the construction.

• 한국영어학회지:영어학
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.279-285
• /
• 2002

English allows conjoined wh-questions to have two different readings. The English sentence Which person does John like and Mary admire\ulcorner involves ATB movement and is understood either as single questions requiring one set of individuals that are liked by John and admired by Mary (which person x, likes (j,x) & admires (m,x)) or as coordinated wh-questions, allowing distinct individuals that John likes and Mary admires (which person x, likes (j,x) & which person y, admires (m,y)). I argue this ambiguity is explained by the two key assumptions about wh-movement in Chomsky (1995): (1) Movement is copying. (2) wh-phrases consist of a wh-element and a nominal restrictor. This yields two possible LFs for English depending on whether [Wh+nominal] or wh alone is interpreted as a variable. It is therefore natural for me to propose that number of questions understood corresponds to the number of nominal segments at LF.

• 한국가구학회지
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.71-78
• /
• 2003

Handles are very essential element to satisfy function of furniture except for furniture without doors. Moreover, handles of furniture tend to have not only functions for opening and shutting but also decorations for furniture. Among various hardware for furniture, handles are the one who influence furniture's design most. Yet, cases of damages occur due to the fact that there are many copying. Handles have short lives, so that it is economically quiet burden to develop new products in Korea. Therefore, this study aims to inspire necessity of investment for handles and other hardware's development by classifying types of handles, systemizing basic knowledge of design for furniture handles, and realizing the importance of handles within domestic demand.

• 로봇학회논문지
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.163-171
• /
• 2006

This paper introduces the research progress on the artificial brain in the Telerobotics and Control Laboratory at KAIST. This series of studies is based on the assumption that it will be possible to develop an artificial intelligence by copying the mechanisms of the animal brain. Two important brain mechanisms are considered: spike-timing dependent plasticity and dopaminergic plasticity. Each mechanism is implemented in two coding paradigms: spike-codes and rate-codes. Spike-timing dependent plasticity is essential for self-organization in the brain. Dopamine neurons deliver reward signals and modify the synaptic efficacies in order to maximize the predicted reward. This paper addresses how artificial intelligence can emerge by the synergy between self-organization and reinforcement learning. For implementation issues, the rate codes of the brain mechanisms are developed to calculate the neuron dynamics efficiently.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.17-28
• /
• 2014

Design piracy is the unauthorized copying of another designer or manufacturer's work. While controversial, it is an institutionalized practice in the apparel industry. The purpose of this study was to better understand student perceptions of design piracy, particularly as it is one they will encounter in their future careers. The authors interviewed twenty-four apparel design students at a land-grant Midwestern University. Data was analyzed using theme analysis. Three themes developed including: 1) Expressions of cognitive dissonance in statements expressing enjoyment of the practice of design piracy as a consumer; yet disappointment when (and if) their own design work was copied. 2) Concerns regarding the definition of originality and the logistics of enforcing a plan against design piracy. 3) Differences of opinion regarding the prevalence of the practice, particularly if the students had industry experience or not. Advice for professors from students regarding piracy is included.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.289-296
• /
• 2020

Software copyright are written in text form of documents and stored as files, so it is easy to expose on an illegal copyright. The IOT framework configuration and service environment are also evaluated in software structure and revealed to replication environments. Illegal copyright can be easily created by intelligently modifying the program code in the framework system. This paper deals with similarity comparison to determine the suspicion of illegal copying. In general, original source code should be provided for similarity comparison on both. However, recently, the suspected developer have refused to provide the source code, and comparative evaluation are performed only with executable code. This study dealt with how to analyze the similarity with the execution code and the circuit configuration and interface state of the system without the original source code. In this paper, we propose a method of analyzing the data of the object without source code and verifying the similarity comparison result through evaluation examples.

• 한국자기학회지
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.33-36
• /
• 2012

1968년에 발표된 구식 싱글턴 혼합기수 고속푸리에 변환 포트란 서브루틴에 존재하는 일반적인 $N$ 문제에 대한 간단한 처치법을 제안하였다. 주어진 문제에 대한 간략한 검토를 마친 후에, 새로운 처치법을 동적메모리 할당방법의 입장에서 최악상황분석법을 통해 논의하였다. 본 논의를 통해 여기서 제시된 프로그래밍 기법은 최소한 다차원 데이터 집합에 대해 지금까지 제시된 여타 처치법보다 우월함을 보였다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제26권5호
• /
• pp.453-462
• /
• 2015

In this study, a methodology is investigated for the development of social responsibility program employed by major domestic companies under social pressure. It is true, however, that its infancy in history and lack of experience makes it difficult to run novel programs for the companies on their own and it naturally leads to copying and/or slight modification of what others do. Utilizing widely accepted SWOT analysis, stakeholders analysis and PDCA Cycle, a methodology for the successful programs with sustainability is proposed by reflecting business nature and strategic direction. Three real cases are analyzed. In addition, relationship and position with social welfare organizations is elucidated.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.591-607
• /
• 1996

MuX서버는 다양한 멀티미디어 응용 프로그램 개발을 지원하기 위하여 멀티미디어 스트림의 생성 , 복제, 분할, 합성, 접합등의 멀티미디어 입출력을 위한 객체지향적이고 일관적인 인터페이스를 제공한다. 본 논문에서는 MuX의 요소객체를 이용하여 컴퓨터 영상회의 프로그램을 개발할 경우에 가능한 분산형과 집중형연결 구조에 대하여 지연, 동기 등 멀티미디어관련 성능에 따른 장단점을 비교 분석한다.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
• /
• 제61호
• /
• pp.49-62
• /
• 2007

This study focused on the improvement of prosody transplantation technology to be used for effective prosody education. Issues making the technology a less acceptable tool for prosody education were addressed. Instead of merely copying the target pitch onto a learner's utterances, the target pitch was resealed in semitone before the transplantation. In so doing, distortion of a signal was minimized and the transplanted utterance could have the quality of sound not different from the learner's utterances. Instead of manual transplantation, an automatic procedure was proposed to increase the reliability and the consistency of the outcome and enable real time processing. The perceptual performance of the automatic transplantation was evaluated by the perception experiment showing the automatic ransplantation was as good as the manual process.