• 산업보건소식
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• no.48
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• pp.9-18
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• 1987

The results of this study which had been investigated to analyse heavy metal levels and to compare lead, cadmium, copper and zinc concentration in urine of children who lived around the industrial area and the agricultural area. Samples were collected and analyzed from September to December 1986 from 7-9 years old children living in Seoul (4 7 cases), lri ( 64 cases) industrial area and Chinan (56 cases) agricultural area. The summarized results were as follows: 1) The concentrations of lead were Seoul 28.7 $\pm$17.7 ug/l, lri 25.3 $\pm$7.5 ug/l and Chinan 19.3 $\pm$5.2 ug/l 2) The concentrations of cadmium were Seoul 1.5 $\pm$0.8 ug/l, Iri 1.4 $\pm$0.5 ug/l and chinan 0.9 $\pm$0.3 ug/l 3) The concentrations of copper were Seoul 12.8 $\pm$7.0 ug/l, Iri 10.5 $\pm$8.4 ug/l and Chinan 10.0 $\pm$4.5 ug/l 4) The concentrations of zinc were Seoul 383 $\pm$279 ug/l, Iri 329 $\pm$133 ug/l and Chinan 267 $\pm$181 ug/l 5) In lead, cadmium and zinc concentration of children, there were statistical difference between the industrial area and the agricultural area 6) There were no indicated significantly levels by the Sex

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.31-36
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• 1981

Heavy metals which are present as trace elements in human body have been known to modify various enzymatic reaction. These metals can be essential or non-essential. Zinc, copper and calcium are essential in maintaining some biological processes, whereas non-essential metals such as cadmium, lead and mercury produce accumulatve toxic effect. Cadmium accumulated in pancreas can cause toxicity and damage of pancreatic cells, thereby influencing CHO metabolism. Lead compounds are known to produce toxic effects on the kidney, digestive system and brain fellowed by inhibition of activity of ${\rho}-aminolevulinic$ acid and biosynthesis of hemoproteins and cytochrome. Evidence has been accumulated that zinc not only acts as a cofactor in enzyme reaction but also prevents toxic effect induced by heavy metal such as copper and cadmium. To demonstrate the effect of heavy metals on pancreatic secretion, part of uncinate pancreas was taken and incubated in Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer with heavy metals used. Additional treatment with CCK-OP was performed when needed. After incubation during different period of time, medium was analyzed for amylase activity using Bernfeld's method. The present study was attempted in order to elucidate the effect of several kinds of heavy metal on exocrine pancreatic secretion in vitro. The results obtained are as follows: 1) CCK-OP stimulated significantly amylase release from pancreatic fragments in vitro. 2) CCK-OP response of amylase release from pancreatic fragments was inhibited by treatmant with cadmium, especially high doses of cadmium. 3) CCK-OP response of amylase release from pancreatic fragments was inhibited when pretreated with $10^{-4}M$ copper chloride. 4) Lead chloride at the concentration of $10^{-3}M\;and\;10^{4}M$ stimulated the basal amylase release in vitro but CCK-OP response did not augment by lead chloride. 5) Zine chloride did not affect amylase release from pancreatic fragment in vitro. From the results mentioned above, it is suggested that CCK-OP response was inhibited it the amylase release from pancreatic fragments pretreated with cadmium and copper chloride.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.141-146
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• 2007

The present paper describes a procedure for separation, preconcentration and determination of trace amount of copper in natural water samples by using 2-mercaptobenzimidazol as the complexing agent. The proposed method is based on the surfactant aggregation formed on γ-alumina by mixing sodium dodecyl sulfate and γ-alumina in water; 2-mercaptobenzimidazol was incorporated into inner hydrophobic part of produced ad-micelles in acidic media to produce an assemble suitable for preconcentration and determination of copper ion. Optimum experimental conditions for adsorption of μg/ml levels of copper ions from aqueous solution by the adsorbent have been reported. The copper ions were quantitively adsorbed by the sorbent over the pH range of 7.1-8.0 and were quantitatively desorbed afterward by using sulfosalycilic acid as the eluent. The determination of copper was not interfered in the presence of common metal ions. The procedure was applied for analysis of river water sample. Relative standard deviation was found to be 4.91%.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.299-306
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• 1981

Contents of heavy metals in fruits and vegetables collected from Jinju district of Korea during June 1980 to March 1981 were determined. Statistical analysis of the data showed the maximum, minimum, mean and standard deviation for each variable. The ranges of their amounts in fruits and vegetables were lead, $trace{\sim}0.829\;ppm\;;mercury,\:ND{\sim}0.368\;ppm;cadmium,\;ND{\sim}0.264\;ppm;\;arsenic,\;trace{\sim}1.289\;ppm;\;copper,0.200{\sim}3.759\;ppm;\;zinc,\;0.327{\sim}21.663\;ppm;\; manganese,\;0.828{\sim}22.413\;ppm;\;iron,\;0.201{\sim}32.425 ppm,$ respectively and the content of chromium was in trace for 4 samples.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.73-86
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• 1988

In order to determine the content levels of trace metals in common salts, 64 bay salt samples were collected from three producing districts and 33 bay salt samples, 32 remade salt samples and 5 fine salt samples were collected from 7 major cities in Korea, from August to September 1987. These were analysed for content levels of Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn and Mn using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The results were as follows: 1. Lead contents in three type salts were N.D. - 1081.9 $\mu$g/kg and fourteen percent of the 114 samples exceeded the World Health Organization(WHO) criteria of 100$\mu$g/kg. Cadmium contents of samples were N.D.- 382C.5 $\mu$g/kg and five percent of the 114 samples were over the Spanish criteria of 500 $\mu$g/kg. Copper contents of samples were 8,9-214.9 $\mu$g/kg and there was not a sample over the World Health Organization(WHO) criteria of 500 $\mu$g/kg. Zinc contents ranged N.D. - 342.9 $\mu$g/kg and Manganese contents ranged N.D.- 8.31 mg/kg. 2. The comparison of heavy metal contents among the bay salts from three producing districts was significantly different in Pb, Cd and Cu contents. 3. The comparison of heavy metal contents between the bay salts and remade salts was not significantly different in Pb, Cd and Cu contents. 4. The contents of Pb, Cd, Zn and Mn in fine salts were much lower than those of bay salts and remade salts.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.933-937
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• 2012

In the present study, we evaluate the sensitivity and optimal stripping voltammetry (SV) conditions of copper (Cu), which is one of the main trace heavy metals inducing the environmental contamination, using carbon nanotube (CNT) electrode. In addition, the reaction mechanism of stripping reaction of Cu is investigated. The electrochemical analyses such as squarewave stripping voltammetry (SWSV) and linear scan voltammetry (LSV) are used for the evaluations. As a result of that, the best SWSV conditions like squarewave amplitude of 15 mV, frequency of 60 Hz, deposition potential of -1.0V vs. Ag/AgCl and deposition time of 200s are determined with the measured Cu sensitivity of $1.824{\mu}A/{\mu}M$. As a driving force affecting the stripping reaction of Cu, surface reaction is more dominant one than diffusion. These results are compared with other reference results and it is confirmed that our suggested CNT electrode gives rise to better Cu sensitivity result than other references.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.428-433
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• 1975

500 ml of a sample water was extracted with 10 ml of 0.01 % dithizone-$CHCl_3$three times. When $CHCl_3$ layer was back extracted with 10 ml of 0.1 N HCl containing mercuric ion, the free metal ions come into aqueous layer. The aqueous layer was added with 2 ml of 2 N KCl and was washed with 10 ㎖ of $CHCl_3$two times in order to remove the trace dithizone, and then was recorded square wave polarogram. The concentration of copper, lead and cadmium can be determined up to 3 ppb and that of zinc up to 14 ppb with an error of 10 %.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.549-554
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• 2000

This study was carried out to estimate the contents of trace metals in the fishes and shellfishes available on Korean markets. The maples were digested with acids, then analyzed by ICP (INductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometer) and AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrometer) for the contents of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn). The contents of mercury (Hg) were determined using a mercury analyzer. The contents of trace metals [minimum~ maximum (mean), mg/kg] in fishes were as follows; Hg;0.004~0.500(0.082), Pb;N.D.~ 1.87 (0.29), Cd;N.D. ~0.094 (0.020), As;0.01~5045 (0.84), Cu;0.04~3.74 (0.66), Mn; N.D. ~7.56 (0.57), Zn;0.92~18.33(6.03). Those contents in shellfishes were as follows (mg/kg); Hg;N.D.~0.221 (0.029), Pb;0.01~1.51 (0.38), Cd;0.02~1.93 (0.51), As;0.18~3.07 study showed that trace metal contents in both fishes and shellfishes on our markets of lead, cadmium and mercury from fishes and shellfishes takes about 1~13% of PTWI(Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intakes) that FAO/WHO Joint Food Additive and Contaminants Committee has set to evaluate their safeties.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.79-87
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• 1979

Analyses for 6 metals (Cd, Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, Mn) by Atomic absorption spectrophotometer were made on hair samples of healthy 135 in urban area and 130 in rural area who have not dealt with the above metals in their daily working life. Marksd variations were found. Samples of urban area contained more cadmium, copper, lead and manganese than those of rural area. No sexual difference in mean value could be observed and the amount of metals in hair did not increase with age. And no age dependency was found. There was a statistically significant correlation between the concentrations of cadmium and lead in both urban and rural people; Pb = 1.50 Cd + 6.69 (r = 0.213, p<0.05) in urban area Pb = 1.44 Cd + 3.67 (r = 0.327, p<0.001) in rural area

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.3 no.1 s.4
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• pp.75-85
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• 1988

An atomic absorption spectrophotometry analysis study of zinc, cadimium, lead, copper and mercury in human scalp hair samples of 699 subjects in 3 urban and 4 rural communities gave mean values of 170.33/187.00 ppm, 0.18/0.22 ppm, 8.43/8.62 ppm, 9.81/10.24 ppm and 2.13/1.20 ppm for male and female, respectively. The concentration did not differ significantly regardless ages. However, female was higher than male in overall concentration except that of mercury. The percentile methods was partially applied for a reference values of metals in Korean scalp hair to provide more appropriate data for further comparisons.