• Title/Summary/Keyword: Convertor

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Study on MC-CDMA Using Two-fold Orthogonal Frequency Overlap (이중 직교 주파수 중첩을 이용한 MC-CDMA변조방식에 관한 연구)

  • Ryu, Kwan-Wong;Park, Yong-Wan;Suh, Young-Suk;Kim, Ki-Chai
    • Journal of IKEEE
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    • v.3 no.1 s.4
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    • pp.141-149
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    • 1999
  • If signal time duration of MC-CDMA method which has studied for next-generation high-speed data transmission is not sufficiently large compared to delay spread of channel, the performance is degraded by generation of intersymbol interference. In this paper, this problem will solve through serial to parallel convertor and make large sufficiently time duration of signal compared to delay spread of channel and rise variable spectral efficiency through the number of serial to parallel convertor subchannel we will add to parallel frequency diversity block for improve the performance in mobile Communication. Spectral efficiency of the proposed system is counted and compared to spectral efficiency of MC-CDMA and investigated through computer simulations by using multipath Rayleigh fading channel.

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Floating Point Converter Design Supporting Double/Single Precision of IEEE754 (IEEE754 단정도 배정도를 지원하는 부동 소수점 변환기 설계)

  • Park, Sang-Su;Kim, Hyun-Pil;Lee, Yong-Surk
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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    • v.48 no.10
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    • pp.72-81
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    • 2011
  • In this paper, we proposed and designed a novel floating point converter which supports single and double precisions of IEEE754 standard. The proposed convertor supports conversions between floating point number single/double precision and signed fixed point number(32bits/64bits) as well as conversions between signed integer(32bits/64bits) and floating point number single/double precision and conversions between floating point number single and double precisions. We defined a new internal format to convert various input types into one type so that overflow checking could be conducted easily according to range of output types. The internal format is similar to the extended format of floating point double precision defined in IEEE754 2008 standard. This standard specifies that minimum exponent bit-width of the extended format of floating point double precision is 15bits, but 11bits are enough to implement the proposed converting unit. Also, we optimized rounding stage of the convertor unit so that we could make it possible to operate rounding and represent correct negative numbers using an incrementer instead an adder. We designed single cycle data path and 5 cycles data path. After describing the HDL model for two data paths of the convertor, we synthesized them with TSMC 180nm technology library using Synopsys design compiler. Cell area of synthesis result occupies 12,886 gates(2 input NAND gate), and maximum operating frequency is 411MHz.

Buck+Half Bridge Converter efficiency characteristics (벅+하프 브리지 컨버터에서 벅 컨버터의 출력 인덕턴스 감과 스위칭 주파수, 변압기 코어 형태에 따른 효율 특성)

  • Park N.J.;Kim C.S.;Kim T.S.;Im B.S.;Woo S.H.
    • Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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    • 2003.07a
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    • pp.62-65
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    • 2003
  • We considered of the efficiency for the Buck+Half bridge converter This converter has advantages of applications for a low output voltage, a high output current and a wide input voltage. Developed the Buck converter ratings and the Half Bridge converter ratings are 36$\~$72V Input and 22V/5A output, 19$\~$24v input and 3.3V/30A output, respectively. Buck converter is operated with zero voltage switching process to reduce the switching losses. The 80.1 $\~$97.6$\%$ of the efficiency is measured at 18.4 $\mu$H output filter inductance of Buck convertor. In Half Bridge convertor, the 86$\~$96.4$\%$ of the efficiency is measured at 100kHz switching frequency with PQI core.

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Design and Implementation of a Hybrid-Type Mass Flow Controller (하이브리드형 질량 유량 제어기의 설계 및 실현)

  • 이명의;정원철
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.63-70
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    • 2003
  • In this paper, an MFC (Mass Flow Controller) which is widely used in many semiconductor manufacturing processes for controlling the mass flow rate of a gas is designed and implemented using the PIC 16F876 of Microchip, Inc. The MFC implemented in this thesis has the form of hybrid-type, i.e., the mixed-type of the analog-type MFC, which has many problems such as low accurary, and digital-type MFC, which use an expensive DSP (Digital Signal Processor) and an ADC (Analog to Digital Convertor) with high precision. The MFC is consists of the sensor unit, the control unit and the actuator unit, and it has used the automatic calibration algorithm and the reference table method for the improvement of the performance.

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Establishment of Evaluation System for 40,000 A Rogowski Coil (40,000 A 로고스키 코일 평가 시스템 구축)

  • Kim, Yoon-Hyoung;Han, Sang-Gil;Jung, Jae-Kap;Kang, Jeon-Hong;Lee, Sang-Hwa;Han, Sang-Ok
    • The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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    • v.58 no.2
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    • pp.202-206
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    • 2009
  • Evaluation system for calibrating Rogowski coiI(RC) up to primary current of 40,000 A have been established. The system consists of 40,000 A AC high current source, current transformer(CT) comparator, standard CT, RC under test, voltage to current convertor(VCC), buffer and CT burden. An AC high current is applied to the primary windings of both the standard CT and the RC under test, and then the CT comparator measures the ratio error and the phase displacement by comparing the secondary current of the standard CT with output current of VCC. For testing of RC, we have evaluated two RCs under test of primary current ranges of 0 A ${\sim}$ 2,000 A and 0 A ${\sim}$ 40,000 A with the accuracy class of 1 %. The extended uncertainty is 0.02 % ${\sim}$ 0.23 % for ratio error and 0.29 min ${\sim}$ 1.93 min for phase displacement in the primary current ranges of 10 ${\sim}$ 40,000 A.

The Effect of Turbulence Intensity on the NOx Formation of Hydrogen Coaxial Jet Turbulent Diffusion Flames (난류강도가 수소 동축분류 난류 확산화염의 NOx 생성에 미치는 영향)

  • Han, Ji-Ung;Jeong, Yeong-Sik;Lee, Chang-Eon
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.147-155
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    • 2001
  • Experimental investigations were conducted for two hydrogen-nitrogen coaxial jet diffusion flames. A flame was a conventional coaxial jet diffusion flame and the other was a coaxial jet diffusion flame of which ambient air-jet turbulence was intensified. In this study, firstly two kinds of NOx measuring system were campared by using different convertors, secondly the NOx formation characteristics were investigated in order to examine the effect of turbulence intensity. In this study it is known that stainless convertor has some problem in the converting process from NO$_2$to NO in fuel rich region but molybdenum convertor can detect the amount of NOx correctly. The increase of turbulence intensity reduces the thermal NOx less than a half in our experiment and this effect is conspicuous near the nozzle. The conversion rate from NO to NO$_2$and the portion of NO$_2$among NOx are increased with turbulence intensity. These NOx measurements will help to understand the influences of turbulence intensity on NOx formation.