• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.294-296
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• 2014

Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) is defined as a chronic orofacial pain syndrome, without evidence of mucosal lesions and other clinical signs of disease or laboratory abnormalities. Patients with BMS complain of burning pain in the mouth, xerostomia and taste disturbances. It is more common among women and the median age of occurrence is about 60 years. BMS may be primary or secondary to other diseases. The mainstay in the treatment of BMS includes antidepressants, benzodiazepines, and anticonvulsants. A few cases of BMS caused due to medication have been reported. The causative drugs include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, anticoagulants, antipsychotics, antiretrovirals, and benzodiazepines. This is a case report of a patient on antidepressants who developed symptoms of BMS thereby causing a dilemma in management.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.133-138
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• 2023

Nutcracker syndrome (NCS) is a disease caused by compression of the left renal vein between the superior mesenteric artery and the abdominal aorta. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy (IgAN) is characterized by the predominance of IgA deposits in the glomerular mesangial area. Hematuria and proteinuria can be present in both diseases, and some patients can be concurrently diagnosed with NCS and IgAN; however, a causal relationship between the two diseases has not yet been clarified. Here, we report two pediatric cases of NCS combined with IgAN. The first patient presenting with microscopic hematuria and proteinuria was diagnosed with NCS at the initial visit, and the second patient was later diagnosed with NCS when proteinuria worsened. Both patients were diagnosed with IgAN based on kidney biopsy findings and treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and immunosuppressants. A high index of suspicion and timely imaging or biopsy are essential for the proper management of NCS combined with glomerulopathy.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.121-126
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• 2023

The administration of angiotensin type 2 receptor blockers (ARBs) during pregnancy is known to cause ARB fetopathy, including renal insufficiency. We aimed to analyze the outcomes of two patients who survived ARB fetopathy and perform an accompanying literature review. Case 1 was exposed antenatally from a gestational age of 30 weeks to valsartan because of maternal pregnancy-induced hypertension. The patient presented with oliguria immediately after birth, and renal replacement therapy was administered for 24 days. Seven years after birth, renal function was indicative of stage 2 chronic kidney disease (CKD) with impaired urinary concentration. Case 2 had a maternal history of hypertension and transient ischemic attack and was treated with olmesartan until 30 weeks of pregnancy. Renal replacement therapy was performed for 4 days since birth. After 8 years, the patient is with CKD stage 2, with intact tubular function. Recent reports suggest that ARB fetopathy might manifest as renal tubular dysgenesis and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, in contrast to mild alterations of glomerular filtration. Tubular dysfunction may induce CKD progression and growth retardation. Patients with ARB fetopathy should be monitored until adulthood. The ARB exposure period might be a critical factor in determining the severity and manifestations of fetopathy.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.65-72
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to introduce rotation-plasty procedure and prosthetic ambulation training. The recent development of chemotherapy and diagnostic facility have permitted the orthopaedic surgeons to try limb saving procedures rather than amputations for the treatment of the malignant bone tumors. If the tumors around the knee joint were treated by mid-thigh amputation or hip disarticulation, it would impose the client with a great handicap for rehabilitation. Rotation-plasty procedure was first done by Borggreve, in 1930 for the congenital short femur. Recently this procedure was used a malignant bone tumor at the distal femur by Kotz and Salzer in 1982. In spite of its cosmetic problem of the distal stump, this procedure has the great functional advantage of converting the above-knee amputation to the below-knee amputation. The inverted foot was also good to control the prosthesis as a below-knee stump and heel functioned as a patella to support the body weight. This 15 years old girl case was had rotation-plasty due to osteosarcoma of the distal femur with 3rd postoperative chemotherapy, and admitted to Yonsei rehabilitation hospital for prosthetic ambulation training. Then, the case had excellent functional results of prosthetic ambulation training with rotaion-plasty after 3 months.

• Current Industrial and Technological Trends in Aerospace
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.32-42
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• 2009

Required system and technology for the civil helicopter and the military helicopter are almost similar. A lot of mount helicopters are converted from military to civil, or converted oppositely, or new developed considering civil-military dual use in order to reduce development cost and period. In the case of converting the military to the civil, the military helicopters are developed based on sufficient requiring amount following conversion to the civil helicopters with minor modification. This paper presents the investigation and the analysis for the case and the approach of dual use helicopter development from military helicopters to civil helicopters.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.291-311
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• 2006

The acceleration of consolidation by stone columns was mostly analysed within the framework of a basic unit cell model (i.e. a cylindrical soil body around a column). A method of converting the axisymmetric unit cell into the equivalent plane-strain model would be required for two-dimensional numerical modelling of multi-column field applications. This paper proposes two practical simplified conversion methods to obtain the equivalent plane-strain model of the unit cell, and investigates their applicability to multi-column reinforced ground. In the first conversion method, the soil permeability is matched according to an analytical equation, whereas in the second method, the column width is matched based on the equivalence of column area. The validity of these methods is tested by comparison with the numerical results of unit-cell simulations and with the field data from an embankment case history. The results show that for the case of linear-elastic material modelling, both methods produce reasonably accurate long-term consolidation settlements, whereas for the case of elasto-plastic material modelling, the second method is preferable as the first one gives erroneously lower long-term settlements, where plastic yielding of stone column are ignored.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2024

This study analyzed the current operational status, business continuity, and business continuity strategies of 11 Soho fashion shopping malls through a longitudinal case study (2019/2020 and 2022/2023). The aim was to determine how Soho fashion shopping malls are continuing their business having been successfully established in the fiercely competitive current online fashion market. Regarding changes in shopping mall operation status, all cases displayed changes in items, distribution channels, marketing channels, core values, and profit structures. After establishing the businesses, a crisis arose due to the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to difficulties in creating new customers. Moreover, there was excessive business expansion, resulting in saturation of the online platform store market. This meant companies were experiencing reduced sales (5) or difficulties in maintaining their business (3). However, there were differences in the direction of overcoming the crisis and continuing or converting the business. These revealed that to continue the business after successful establishment of an online fashion shopping mall, it is essential to have the expertise of entrepreneurs, work performance, and marketing ability, as well as differentiation capabilities such as product power and management strategy and core competitiveness that provides a relative advantage over other shopping malls. Customized government support at the level of the start-up ecosystem is also essential for the survival and business continuity of a SOHO online fashion shopping mall with poor human and material resources.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.21-26
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• 2022

Since the four-wheel drive transmits the driving force to all four wheels, the traction with the road surface increases, thereby increasing the driving force. However, it has the disadvantage of lowering fuel efficiency. Therefore, four-wheel drive is commonly used as a method of converting to optional four-wheel drive when necessary while driving in two-wheel drive. This selective four-wheel drive converts the driving force by mechanically changing the electric signal sent by the driver in the transfer case. In this study, in order to mechanically change the electrical signal, a reducer is applied to the motor to increase the torque to perform the function. Therefore, in this study, a reduction mechanism applicable to the motor inside the transfer case applied to convert the drive is derived, and the reduction ratio applying the planetary gear type is optimized accordingly. And based on the derived reduction ratio, two sets of planetary gears using a ring gear in common were applied to develop a planetary gear tooth type in which the input shaft and output shaft are decelerated in the same phase. Optimization design was carried out.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.95-118
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• 2011

In developing information systems, conceptual modeling is among the most fundamental means. The importance attributed to conceptual modeling has not only given rise to a lot of modeling methods, but also to the "yet another modeling approach (YAMA)" syndrome and the "not another modeling approach (NAMA)" hysteria. Criticism of conceptual modeling methods usually targets their lacking of theoretical foundations. In response to such criticism, various approaches towards theoretical foundations of conceptual modeling have been proposed so far. One of the recent responses to the quest for theoretical foundations of conceptual modeling is the reference to the philosophical ontology. The currently most prominent of diverse approaches towards ontological foundations of conceptual modeling appears to be the Bunge-Wand-Weber (BWW) ontology. Recent approaches attempt to regard BWW ontology as another conceptual data model as well as a criterion for evaluating various conceptual models. However, unfortunately, relatively few researches have been made on interoperability between the Entity-Relationship (ER) model, which is the most dominant conceptual data model, and ontology based model. In this paper, we investigate the interoperability between ontology and the ER model. In detail we (i) reclassify components of ER model with respect to ontology concepts, (ii) identify some components that cannot be directly represented in ontology notation, and (iii) present alternative representations to the components to acquire ontologically clear ER diagrams. Additionally, we (iv) present a set of mapping rules for converting the ontologically clear ER diagram into the corresponding ontology. In a case study, we show the process of converting an ER diagram for a concise Project Management System (PMS) into the ontologically clear ER diagram and the corresponding ontology. We also describe an experiment that we undertook to test whether users understand the Ontologically-Clear ER diagram better.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.177-186
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• 2017

This study concerned the analysis on the efficiency of the conversion of water tank type supply system to direct water supply system to examine the feasibility of the conversion, as well as the calculation of optimal conversion range that enables the supply of safe, high-quality water at stable pressure in accordance with the standards of water supply facility. The results of this research showed that when converting water supply system from water tank type supply system to direct water supply system, more nodal points could be properly converted and more reduction of electricity usage was expected in case water pressure rather than residence time was fixed. This means that higher efficacy can be obtained by fixing water pressure when converting water supply system. However, since the number of the locations that received on-spot inspection was small and the electricity usage measured was not exclusively by water supply facility, it is difficult to judge that such reduction of electricity usage accurately represents reduced electricity usage by water supply facility alone. therefore, after having secured on-spot information about a larger number of locations in apartment complexes that have converted water supply system, and utilizing information about electricity usage exclusively by water supply facility, the proposed method of this research could be applied to accurately deducing expected reduction of electricity usage by water supply facilities of various other apartment complexes. It is also considered possible to deduce an effective operation method of water supply system by finding out an area that shows low pressure or low residual chlorine concentration in the optimal conversion range of water supply, followed by estimating the proper location of pumping station or the proper chlorine dosage at the power purification plant that supply water to the target area.