• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2010.03a
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• pp.717-721
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• 2010

Soil volume conversion factors are used for estimation of an excavated the soil volume which will be removed or added in levelling the ground surface of a construction site. An accurate evaluation method will help us reduce a construction cost and time consuming. In this study, we performed the laboratory tests, including grain size measurement, water content, specific gravity, porosity, density and XRD tests, to suggest reliable soil volume conversion factors and weathering indices in field using nondestructive methods. The weathering index and soil volume conversion factor L are obtained for different types of soils. At results, the CIW index is the best method measuring the weathering index and the factor L is relative to natural porosity, void ratio, density and dry density.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.48-57
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to establish reliability and validity and to identify the conversion index. Method: The WMSCN for ICU was revised from Workload Management System for Nurses(WMSN) of Walter Reed Army Hospital. Reliability of the WMSCN was evaluated interrater reliability between head nurses and staff nurses at 124 patients in April 2008. Validity through the correlation between direct nursing care hours and WMSCN score was conducted at 20 ICUs of 10 hospitals. Finally the conversion index was identified by total nursing hours and it divided by WMSCN score. Results: The scores by nurses were highly correlated with head nurses’(p=.967), and also scores of the WMSCN were highly correlated with the direct nursing care hours(p<.001). The distribution of patient classification ranks into class V(61.3%), class IV(24.2%) and class VI(11.3%). The scores of the WMSCN were no differences between MICU and SICU. Finally, the conversion index was 8.2 minutes. Conclusion: WMSCN is available to classify the nursing workload for critical care patients. The repeated evaluation of validity and reliability are requisite to use WMSCN effectively. And the conversion index should be adjusted to estimate the appropriate staffing in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.127-140
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was performed to verify reliability and validity of Korean Patient Classification System for nurses(KPCS-1), to estimate nursing time conversion index, and to classify patients into groups according to KPCS-1 scores. Methods: KPCS-1 was revised from KPCS by a professional review team. Interrater reliability and construct validity of KPCS-1 were verified by data from 433 patients. Direct and indirect nursing time of 204 patients were measured by stopwatch observation and self reports for 24 hours. Nursing time conversion index was calculated. Results: KPCS-1 consisted of 12 area, 50 nursing activities, and 73 items. The interrater reliability was tested between two nurse group (r=.88, p<.001) and construct validity was verified according to medical department (F=10.97, p<.001) and patient pattern (F=5.54, p=.001). The correlation of nursing time and classification score was also statistically significant (r=.56, p<.001). The nursing time conversion index was 9.03 minutes per 1 classification score. The patients were classified into 4 groups by the classification scores. Conclusion: KPCS-1 can be a useful factor type patient classification system for general ward. Further study is needed to evaluate validity and reliability for refining KPCS-1 and to develop ways connecting the scores with nursing outcomes.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.1304-1316
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• 2009

This study is for the pursuit of the basic application of the efficient conversion factor in the fee contract. This aims to investigate the effects of DEA efficiency index and conversion factors to identify and group the 60 hospitals with intern and residents education. To achieve the aims, AHP was used to select the inuput and output variables for DEA. It was found that the more inefficient in the technical and scale side, the higher the conversion factors were. Conversion factor and DEA efficiency index can be used very effectively to group and discriminant hospitals into a specialized general hospital and a general hospital. Even if the variables used to calculate DEA efficiency are applied to discriminant analysis, The conversion factor and DEA efficiency index have a significant power to make a function modeling. So, if we can make a more conclusive proof based on the large number samples, We can imagine to introduce a efficiency concept in the insurance fee contracts about a conversion factor in Korea Health Insurance System.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.258-262
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• 2016

The effect of zirconium dioxide ($ZrO_2$) on the properties of color conversion glasses was examined in the $BaO-ZnO-B_2O_3-SiO_2$ system. The difference in refractive index between glass and phosphor affect the optical properties of the color conversion glass because of light scattering. Reducing the difference in refractive index is a method to improve the luminous efficacy of color conversion glasses. As a reference, a type of glass that contains 25 mol% of each component was used. To increase the refractive index of the glass samples, the BaO content was increased from 25 to 40 mol%, and $ZrO_2$ was added at levels of 1, 3, and 5 mol%. Color conversion glasses were prepared by sintering a mixture of glass and 5 wt% $YAG:Ce^{3+}$ phosphor. As a result, the refractive index of the glass was found to be dependent on the BaO and $ZrO_2$ contents in the BaO-ZnO-$B_2O_3-SiO_2$ system. As the BaO and $ZrO_2$ contents were increased, the luminous efficacy of the color conversion glass was improved because the refractive index difference between the glass and the $YAG:Ce^{3+}$ phosphor decreased.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.125-137
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• 2011

This study aims to know whether the Accreditation of Hospitals can help to improve productivity of hospital and affect the conversion factor. Based on the Malmquist productivity Index, the productivity of accredited hospital improves. There exists an tendency that as the scores of Accreditation rises, productivity increases. Also the higher the productivity, the lower the conversion factors in the rigid statistical evidence. This evidence is independent of hospital classification, geographical distribution, grouping. This evidence supports the productivity index can be included in the fee negotiations. It also means that rather than static efficiency, the multi-year change of productivity information can be usefully combined to set a conversion factor in Korean National Insurance Contract especially in the discussion of the structural change of payment system.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.21-34
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• 2008

Objectives : This paper analysed the alternative methods of calculating conversion factor for oriental medicine in the National Health Insurance and estimated the conversion factor(reimbursing price level) of the oriental medical services, based on health insurance claims data and macro economic data. Methods : Comparing cost accounting method, SGR model, and index model to estimate conversion factor in the national health insurance, six empirical models were derived depending on the scope of revenue considered in financial indicators. Classifications of data and sources used in the analysis were identified as officially released by the government. Results and Conclusion : Cost accounting analysis and SGR model showed a two digit decrease in the physician fee schedule of oriental medical services in the national health insurance, while index model indicated a positive increase in the fee reimbursed. As expected, SGR model measured an overall trend of health expenditures rather than an individual financial status of medical institutions, and index model properly estimated the level of payments to oriental medical doctors. Upon a declining share of health expenditures on oriental medicine, a global budget system fixed to a flat rate of total budget could be an opportunity as well as a challenge.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.24 no.12
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• pp.710-714
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• 2014

The effect of titanium dioxide ($TiO_2$) on the properties of color conversion glasses was examined for glasses based on $BaO-ZnO-B_2O_3-SiO_2$. One glass sample, containing 25 mol% of each component, was used as a reference; the other three glass samples contained 1, 3, and 5 mol% $TiO_2$, respectively. The four color conversion glass samples were prepared by sintering a mixture of glass frits and a $YAG:Ce^+$ phosphor. The characteristics of the color conversion glass samples, such as luminous efficacy, luminance, CIE (Commission International de I'Eclairage) chromaticity, CCT (Correlated Color Temperature), and CRI (Color Rendering Index) were analyzed according to the PL spectrum. The refractive index of the glass samples was found to increase with the titanium dioxide content. In conclusion, luminous efficacy of color conversion glasses increased as the content of $TiO_2$ was raised in the glass matrix.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.1361-1369
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• 2014

This research is for analyzing the change rate of housing rent price index produced by KAB (Korea Appraisal Board) in the monthly periodical, Survey on Housing Monthly Rent. The index is a very important and useful indicator to understand and diagnose the house rental market. However, the index is criticized in that it tends to decline when the price level of Jeonse (i.e., a typical type of dwellings in Korea, generally leased on a deposit basis for 1 or 2 years) is highly going up, which is inconsistent with the actual economic sentiment of tenants. We verify the reason why such phenomenon occurs and suggest a simple but novel method to analyze properly the change rate of the index. The main findings are as follows. The key factor to trigger the problem is the use of the conversion rate for Jeonse-to-monthly rent for constructing the rent price indexes. We separate the effect of the conversion rate out of the change rate of the index and quantify the adjusted real change rate showing an increase of the rent price level which is masked by the conversion rate before.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.1617-1621
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• 2002

Two hundred and sixteen single comb white egg layers of the White Leghorn hens of 24 weeks of age were randomly allocated to 12 groups with three replications of six hens in each. Hens were fed in a factorial arrangement 2${\times}3{\times}$2, on diets containing either 16 or 18% crude protein with 0, 3 or 6% fish meal, replacing groundnut meal with soybean meal. Soybean meal incorporation improved (p<0.05) egg production, feed intake, feed conversion efficiency and egg weights. Egg quality traits of specific gravity, shape index, albumen index, yolk index and shell thickness remained unchanged. Laying performance was significantly (p<0.05) better at 18% than on 16% dietary protein level. Use of fish meal linearly improved egg production and feed conversion efficiency on diets supplemented with groundnut meal and fish meal incorporation showed quadratic improvement on feed conversion efficiency with SBM diets at 16% dietary protein level. Therefore, use of soybean meal as substitute of groundnut meal is recommended in layer diets, at 16% dietary protein level and fish meal incorporation could be beneficial for layers.