• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.361-368
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• 1991

In two experiments 640 starcross replacement pullets between 25 and 154 days of age were fed ad libitum on either of 16 diets formed by the combination of $4CP{\times}4ME$ levels to study the interaction of CP and ME on growth performances. In both experiments, feed intake decreased, but protein intake, energy intake, live weight gain and feed conversion efficiency increased and sexual maturity hastened with the increase of dietary protein and/or energy level. The protein conversion efficiency decreased with the increase of dietary protein level. The energy conversion efficiency, however, did not show any relationship with dietary energy level. There was a greater improvement of growth performance due to simultaneous increase of dietary protein and energy level than that of increasing protein or energy alone.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.190.2-190.2
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• 2014

We report the origin of the improvement of the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of hybrid thin-film solar cells when a soluble C60 derivative, [6,6]-phenyl-$C_{61}$-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM), is introduced as a hole-blocking layer. The PCBM layer could establish better interfacial contact by decreasing the reverse ark-saturation current density, resulting in a decrease in the probability of carrier recombination. The power conversion efficiency of this optimized device reached a maximum value of 8.34% and is the highest yet reported for hybrid thin-film solar cells.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.205-212
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• 1998

Experiments were conducted to investigate the temperature profile and the emissions conversion efficiency of catalytic converters for natural gas vehicles. Two types of the catalyst structure and several transient engine operating conditions were used. The dual-bed catalyst effectively reduced the emissions in a transient period due to the low heat capacity of the front bed. The lanthanoid additives were effective in improving catalyst durability. When the natural gas fueled engine were operated outside of a very narrow window of excess air ratio (from 0.993 to 1.004), the HC and NOx conversion efficiency dropped off. The drop-off were especially fast on the lean side of the window.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.68-71
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• 2020

In this study, SiNx and Al₂O₃ thin film was manufactured using PECVD deposition process and applied to crystalline silicon solar cells, resulting in 16.7% conversion efficiency. The structural improvement experiment of the rear electrode resulted in a 1.7% improvement in conversion efficiency compared to the reference cell by reducing the recombination rate of minority carriers and increasing the carrier lifetime by forming a passivation layer consisting of SiNx and Al₂O₃ thin films through the PECVD process.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.333-337
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• 2001

This study investigated the effects of fermented product from Bacillus subtilis (FPBS) on feed conversion efficiency, fat accumulation and ammonia production in broiler chicks. Sixty female broilers (strain Chunky, 7-day old) were divided into four groups and raised in individual cages. One group was fed a commercial diet without supplementation of FPBS as the control and the other three groups were fed commercial diets containing FPBS, either 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0%, for 21 days from 7 to 28 days of age. Water and feed were given ad libitum. Feed conversion efficiency was significantly improved in chicks supplemented with 0.5 or 1.0% of FPBS as compared with the control (p<0.05). The activities of hepatic acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthetase, and contents of triglyceride and cholesterol in the liver were significantly decreased in treatment groups (p<0.05) as compared with the control group. FPBS had no effect on the concentration of plasma triglyceride, phospholipids and cholesterol. Feeding FPBS at 1 % or 2% levels reduced ammonia gas release (p<0.05). The inclusion of FPBS at 1 % level may be recommended both to improve production efficiency and to reduce air pollution caused by ammonia gas release. For production efficiency to reach maximal profit, the inclusion of FPBS at 0.5% level can be recommended. Feeding FPBS reduced fat accumulation in the liver.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.300-312
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• 2014

A single-inductor multiple-output (SIMO) DC-DC converter providing buck and boost outputs with a new switching sequence is presented. In the proposed switching sequence, which does not require any additional blocks, input energy is delivered to outputs continuously by flowing current through the inductor, which leads to high conversion efficiency regardless of the balance between the buck and boost output loads. Furthermore, instead of multiple output loop compensation, only the freewheeling current feedback loop is compensated, which minimizes the number of off-chip components and nullifies the need for the equivalent series resistance (ESR) of the output capacitor for loop compensation. Therefore, power conversion efficiency and output voltage ripples can be improved and minimized, respectively. Implemented in a 0.35-${\mu}m$ CMOS, the proposed SIMO DC-DC converter achieves high conversion efficiency regardless of the load balance between the two outputs with maximum efficiency reaching up to 82% under heavy loads.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2003.07b
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• pp.942-948
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• 2003

This paper about the small electron beam irradiator for solar cell's efficiency. Many things are studied by method to increase conversion efficiency of solar cell. We selected electron beam by method for conversion efficiency of solar cell. Energy bands of this electron beam irradiator is 80keV(max.). And, solar cells that apply in this paper are crystal Si. Average efficiency of solar cell that applies in this experiment is 10$\%$. This system manufactured low energy electron beam irradiator. And, electron beam irradiation to solar cell in vacuum chamber of this irradiator. Irradiation area is 20*20 [mm2] by 40[keV].

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.47-51
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• 2013

Current research trends of solar cells has focused on the high conversion efficiency and low-cost production technology. Passivation technology that can be easily adapted to mass production. Therefore, this study conducted experiments with aim of the following two methods for the fabrication of high-efficiency crystalline silicon solar cells. In the first task, an attempt is formation of local Al-BSF to a number of locally doped dots to increase the conversion efficiency of solar cells to reduce the loss of $V_{oc}$ overcome. The second major task, rear surface apply in $Al_2O_3/SiN_x$ stack layer, $Al_2O_3$ prominent negative fixed charge characteristics. As the result of task, Local Al-BSF and $Al_2O_3/SiN_x$ stack layer applied to the p-type single crystalline silicon solar cells, the average $V_{oc}$ of 644mV, $I_{sc}$ of 918mV and conversion efficiency of 18.70% were obtained.

• Applied Science and Convergence Technology
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.221-239
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• 2014

The global demand for energy has been increasing since past decades. Various technologies have been working to find a suitable alternative for the generation of sustainable energy. Photovoltaic technologies for solar energy conversion represent one of the significant routes for the green and renewable energy production. Despite of remarkable improvement in solar cell technologies, the generation of power is still suffering with lower energy conversion efficiency, high production cost, etc. The major problem in improving the PV efficiency is spectral mismatch between the incident solar spectrum and bandgap of a semiconductor material used in solar cell. Luminescent materials such as rare-earth doped phosphor materials having the quantum efficiency higher than unity can be helpful for photovoltaic applications. Quantum cutting phosphors are the most suitable candidates for the generation of two or more low-energy photons for the absorption of every incident high-energy photons. The phosphors which are capable of converting UV photon to visible and near-IR (NIR) photon are studied primarily for photovoltaic applications. In this review, we will survey various near IR quantum cutting phosphors with respective to their synthesis method, energy transfer mechanism, nature of activator, sensitizer and dopant materials incorporation and energy conversion efficiency considering their applications in photovoltaics.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.83-88
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• 2012

This paper studies the effects of wavelength conversion on self-healing optical networks. We examined the effects of wavelength conversion capability on the backup routing and the spare wavelength utilization. The efficiency of spare wavelength utilization is proportionally increased as the wavelength conversion capability increases, different from the call blocking probability for which about 30% of wavelength conversion capability shows nearly the same performance as full wavelength conversion capability. The spare resource utilization efficiency can be improved by using alternate routing and wavelength assignment algorithms.