• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.02a
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• pp.228-228
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• 2013

Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) have attracted great interests as they offer high energyconversion efficiencies at low cost. For the conventional fabrication of DSSCs, high temperature sintering is required for the construction of interconnect $TiO_2$. However, more simplified process which can be applicable to large-sized solar cells module, is strongly necessary for the commercialization of DSSCs. In this work, we developed novel sintering method using Intense Pulsed Light (IPL), which can replace the conventional high temperature sintering methods. The photovoltaic properties of DSSCs utilizing IPL methods will be reported.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.50-54
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• 2000

In order to reduce the sintering temperature of iron based sintered parts, sinteing properties of iron-copper prealloyed powder were investigated at various temperatures in the range of 700∼890$^{\circ}C$, and than the rusults were compared with those of the conventional iron-copper-tin compact using elemental powders, The using of prealloyed as a new process improved its sintering performance at lower temperature than elemental powder as the conventional process. The relative sintered density and radial crushing stength of the compact using prealloyed were higher than those of using elemental powder at all sintering temperature. For example, the radial curength of the compact using powder was about 50kg/mm2 at 700$^{\circ}C$, while that of the compact using elemental powder sintered at 890$^{\circ}C$ was 43kg/mm2.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.249-254
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• 2003

WC-6wt%Co hard metal powders were sintered by a 2.45 GHz multimode microwave applicator in Ar atmosphere. Microwave sintering of WC-6wt%Co powder lowered the sintering temperature and shortened the processing time in less than two hours than by a conventional method. Microstructures of the sintered specimen were studied with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and no abnormal grain growth was observed. Mechanical properties were similar to the values of the specimens sintered by a conventional method. Specimen sintered at 135$0^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes ,hewed 99%, 20.5 GPa and 8.1 MPa$\sqrt{m}$ of theoretical density, hardness and fracture strength, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.305-311
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• 1992

As compared with conventional sintering, rapid heating in microwave system could enhance sinterability and final properties of alumina with a very short sintering time. In this study microwave sintering was performed using zirconia brick as a reaction chamber which was positioned in a 2.45 GHz(700 W) multimode microwave cavity. Microwave-sintered alumina showed high density and smaller grain size than conventionally sintered alumina because the ratio of densification rate/grain growth rate was increased by rapid heating.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2006.09a
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• pp.554-554
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• 2006

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2019

The physical properties of ceramic materials including oxides are greatly influenced by the material density. Therefore, various efforts have been made to increase the material density. One of the most popular strategies is to use sintering additives in sintering materials. The conventional sintering additive was a spherical powder having a three-dimensional structure. In this study, sintering additive with 2-dimensional (2D) layer structure was used to increase the sintering density of cerium oxide and its effect was confirmed. In this study, 1 nm-thick $TiO_x$ and $MnO_x$ nanosheets were used as sintering additives.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.288-289
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• 2006

We studied the effect of sol-gel processing and sintering temperature on the microwave properties of $MgCo_2(VO_4)_2$ system(MCV) which is applicable to LTCC(low-temperature cofired ceramics). The MCV was synthesized by sol-gel process using solution that contains precursor molecules for Mg, Co, and V. SEM analysis shows that the average particle size is ${\sim}1{\mu}m$ and size distribution is very uniform compared to the one prepared by conventional solid-state reaction process. Highly dense samples were obtained at the sintering temperature range of $750^{\circ}C{\sim}930^{\circ}C$. The maximum $Q{\times}f_0$ value of 55,700GHz, dielectric constant(${\varepsilon}_r$) of 10.41 and temperature coefficient(${\tau}_f$) of $-85ppm/^{\circ}C$ was obtained at the sintering temperature of $930^{\circ}C$. The superior microwave properties of sol-gel processed MCV relative to conventional solid-state reaction processed one is remarkable especially at lower sintering temperatures such as $750^{\circ}C$ and $800^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.236-241
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• 1977

Three kinds of specimen, consisting of the graded pyrophyllite particles alone, a substituent of 8 percent fire clay for the finer portion ($F_2$) of it, and 0.8 percent inorganic binder-added composite were prepared under the following conditions respectively; moisture content=4.5~5.0%, forming pressure=250kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$ and sintering temperature=1, 000~1, 30$0^{\circ}C$. The various properties such as modulus of rupture, apparent porosity, bulk specific gravity, pore size and pore distributiion were measured in order to collaborate with sintering phenomena. The results obtained are as follows: (1) Apparent porosity isgradually decreased with rising the sintering temperature to 1, 25$0^{\circ}C$. (2) The binder-added specimen showed the lowest value in porosity. (3) The optimum sintering temperature of specimens was considered to be 1, 25$0^{\circ}C$. (4) The wider differences between pore volumes of specimens could be obtained by method of mercurypenetration porosimeter than by the conventional method for porosity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2000.04b
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• pp.76-79
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• 2000

The $Ba(Zn_{1/3}Ta_{2/3})O_3$ ceramics were prepared by conventional mixed oxide method. The structural properties of the BZT ceramics with the sintering temperature were investigated by XRD, SEM. The BZT ceramics have a complex-perovskite structure. The BZT ceramics sintered at $1550^{\circ}C$ had a superstructure plane of BZT(100). Increasing the sintering temperature, the bulk density and ordering were increased. The bulk density of the BZT ceramics sintered at $1550^{\circ}C$ was $7.50[g/cm^3]$. Increasing the sintering temperature, the average grain size were increased and pore were decreased.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.258-264
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• 1998

The initial sintering behaviour of the powder injection molded (PIMed) W-l5wt%Cu nanocomposite powder was investigated. The W-Cu nanocomposite powder was produced by the mechanochemical process consisting of high energy ball-milling and hydrogen reduction of W blue powder-CuO mixture. Solid state sintering of the powder compacts was conducted at $1050^{\circ}C$ for 2~10 hours in hydrogen at mosphere. The sintering behaviour was examined and discussed in terms of microstructural developments such as W-Cu aggregate formation, pore size distribution and W grain growth. The volume shrinkage of PIM specimen was slightly larger than that of PM(conventional PM specimen), being due to fast local densification in the PIM. Remarkable decrease of carbon and oxygen in the PIM enhanced local densification in the early stage of solid state sintering process with eliminating very fine pores less than 10 nm. In addition, such local densiflcation in the PIM is presumably responsible for mitigating of W-grain growth in the initial stage.