• Title/Summary/Keyword: Controlling weed

Search Result 53, Processing Time 0.029 seconds

Development of Naturally Degradable "Rice Polymer" For Organic Weed Management of Red Pepper and Rice

  • Kang, C.K.;Nam, H.S.;Lee, Y.K.;Lee, S.B.;Lee, B.M.;Oh, Y.J.;Jee, H.J.;Hong, M.K.;Jung, K.W.;Lee, Y.J.;Choi, Y.H.
    • Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
    • /
    • v.19 no.spc
    • /
    • pp.119-122
    • /
    • 2011
  • Among the developed bio-degradable polymer films as compared with transparent film(White), black polymer film was significantly more effective for controlling weeds in red pepper. Also, we found that white and black polymer mulching had 81.8% and 97.9% of managing weed controlling effects in rice, respectively. Compared to non-mulched rice paddy with water supply, the non-mulched rice paddy without any water supply has stopped its growth at 41 days after transplanting, while polymer-mulched rice paddy without water supply had about 60% of normally growing rice plants. This shows the polymer treatment has a remarkable effect on water and power saving, solution of herbicidal resistance, avoidance of herbicidal influence to eco-system etc. When the naturally decomposing polymer was used, a temperature was elevated as high as $4.7^{\circ}C$ on maximum and $2.6^{\circ}C$ on average. Also the naturally decomposing polymer accelerated rooting by 7 days and lowered a stress level from transplanting. The weed control effect mulched by polymer was remarkable as 98.7%. The polymer now, after 294 days treated on the rice paddy, has been completely decomposed.

Experimental Study for Weed Control on the Shoulder of Expressway (고속도로 길어깨 구간의 잡초발생 억제 시험에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Jong-Chul;Jeon, Gi-Seong;Hur, Young-Jin;Kim, Kyung-Hoon
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
    • /
    • v.23 no.6
    • /
    • pp.43-55
    • /
    • 2020
  • The study was performed in order to derive the management methods of revegetation space on embankment upper in the shoulder of expressway. The pilot study was conducted in 2013 on the test road section of the Jungbu Inland Expressway (Smart Highway) and continues to be monitored until 2020. In the test, three commonly used methods for weed control were applied. In the early two to three years, most of the methods were effective in controlling weeds. However, at the end of six years, weed suppression effects were different for each treatment. Vegetation coverage was 90% in the untreated control, 70-80% wood chip mulching method, 50-60% solidification method, and 20% sheet mulching method. The sheet method was found to be the most effective given the low vegetation coverage was effective in controlling weeds. The wood chip mulching method is promoting weed growth over time, and weeds are invading as the effect of soil hardening is reduced in the place where the soil hardener is treated. Among the methods applied in the test, mulching the sheet is the most effective, but it is important to use a durable sheet. In the future, it is necessary to find ways to control weeds on road shoulders, considering both economic and environmental aspects. For the proper management in the shoulder of expressway set target zone is needed. Clear standards for weed control on expressway should be established. And the technology to be applied must be durable for 3 years or more and must be able to suppress the amount of weeds to a level of 20% or less.

Cultural Management System and Weed Control in Upland Fields (전작 경종관리와 잡초방제)

  • Jong-Yeong Pyon
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
    • /
    • v.23 no.3
    • /
    • pp.66-72
    • /
    • 1978
  • Cultural practices favoring the crops are one of the excellent weed control measures in upland crops. The primary cultural method for weed-management may include planting of weed-competitive cultivars, proper planting time and spacing, optimum rate and placement of fertilizer, crop rotation, mulching, and timely tillage. However, cultural method must be applied as a part of the program along with all other available means for controlling weeds since this method alone is not adequate. The efficient and economical weed control can only be achieved by combinating cultural, mechanical method that supplement each other into a weed management system. Intelligent selection of weed control, however, presuppose knowledge of the life history and growth requirements of the weed and its interaction with the environment.

  • PDF

Cyperus esculentus L. - A New Weed in Korea (국내 미기록 외래잡초 Cyperus esculentus L.의 발생과 위험성)

  • Lee, Jeong-Ran;Kim, Chang-Seok;Lee, In-Yong
    • Korean Journal of Weed Science
    • /
    • v.31 no.3
    • /
    • pp.313-318
    • /
    • 2011
  • Cyperus esculentus L., a cosmopolitan noxious weed, has been recorded for the first time in a pepper agricultural field in Icheon of Gyounggi, Korea. It is not clear yet how and when it was introduced into Korea. Conventional weed control methods including hand weeding and application of herbicides were only partially effective in controlling the weed. It is estimated that the weed has a high risk potential to spread further out quickly and cause serious damages to Korean agriculture soon. Therefore, its spread should be promptly restricted.

Weed Management Using a Potential Allelopathic Crop (제초제(除草劑) 신기능(新機能) 작물품종(作物品種) 이용(利用) 잡초방제(雜草防除) 기술(技術))

  • Kim, Kil-Ung;Park, Kwang-Ho
    • Korean Journal of Weed Science
    • /
    • v.17 no.1
    • /
    • pp.80-93
    • /
    • 1997
  • Allelopathic compounds as naturally occurring herbicide have originally reported from local vegetation since B.C. 300. These compounds are known as secondary plant metabolites which released from plants into the environment often attract or repel, nourish or poison other organisms. In recent, many natural plant allelochemicals be used to attempt to biologically or ecologically control weed among worldwide weed scientists. Some allelochemicals have also used as fungicides, insecticides, and nematodicides, and were less than man-made agrochemicals to damage the global ecosystem. It makes efficient use of resources internal to the farm, relies on a minimum of purchased inputs. Some scientists selected for allelopathic activity when breeding weed-controlling cultivars of rice, sorghum, cucumber, surflower etc. Thus, this paper is focused on allelopathic compounds isolated from cultivated crop with the high potential of prospective herbicides. The most environmentally acceptable and sustainable approach to utilization of allelopathy for weed control is to develop plant cultivars with proven allelopathic characteristics. In rice accessions, there are 60 cultivars/lines which have known as allelopathic activity and some of these cultivars control weed more less 90% within certain radius of activity. These accessions are originated from 15 countries including Korea, Japan, USA, India, Philippines, Indonesia, Laos, Taiwan, Afghanistan, Mali, Pakistan, Colombia, Egypt, China, and Dom. Rep. From these cultivars, the most common allelopathic compounds identified in rice are p-Hydroxybenzoic, Vanillic, p-Coumaric, and Ferulic acids. In addition, allelopathic lines of the following crop have shown inhibition of weed growth : beet (Beta vulgaris), lupin(Lupinus spp.), com(Zea mays), Wheat(Triticum aestivum), oats(Avena spp.) peas(Pisum sativum), barley(Hordeum vulgare), rye(Secale cereale), and cucumber(Cucumis sativus). Thus, future allelopathy research must be designed its potentially phytotoxic propertices and the ecotoxic features of the allelochemicals from release to degradation ; its ecological sustainability, its allelopathic effect in early growth. stages, and selectivity properties in combination with chemical stages, and selectivity properties in combination with chemical concentrations. Also, research approach in allelopathy might be screened for highly allelopathic germplasm collection of crops, the idea being to ultimately transfer this agronomic character into improved cultivars by either conventional breeding or other genetic transfer techniques.

  • PDF

Effect of Recycled Paper Mulch on Weed Occurrence and Yield in Dry-seeding Rice Culture (건답직파재배(乾畓直播栽培)에서 재생지(再生紙) 멀칭에 따른 잡초발생(雜草發生)과 벼의 생육(生育) 및 수량(收量))

  • Lee, Byun-Woo;Cui, Ri Xian
    • Korean Journal of Weed Science
    • /
    • v.18 no.4
    • /
    • pp.281-285
    • /
    • 1998
  • This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of recycled paper mulch on weed occurrence and the growth and yield of rice in dry-seeded paddy field. Mulch papers with basis weight of 105, 110, 115g/$m^2$ were fabricated from recycled corrugate container. It took about 80 days after mulching for the mulch papers to reach 50% decomposition, showing no significant differences among types of mulch paper. Paper mulching was very effective in controlling the paddy weeds at early stage of rice growth, but the efficacy of weeds control decreased a little at late season. However the efficacy was still higher than the plot using herbicide. The paper mulch plot showed rice yield similar to the weed control plot using herbicide. It could be concluded that paper mulch can be used as an alternative for non-herbicidal weed control and ensure as high yield as the conventional weed control method using herbicide in dry-seeded rice field.

  • PDF

Current status and agronomic aspects of herbicide resistance in Korea

  • Bo, Aung Bo;Jeong, In Ho;Won, Ok Jae;Jia, WeiQiang;Yun, Hye Jin;Khaitov, Botir;Le, Thi Hien;Umurzokov, Mirjalol;Ruziev, Farrukh;Lim, Min Ju;Cho, Kwang Min;Park, Kee Woong;Lee, Jeung Joo
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
    • /
    • v.46 no.2
    • /
    • pp.405-416
    • /
    • 2019
  • Weeds are a serious problem in crop production. Use of synthetic herbicides is rapidly increasing in weed management worldwide including Korea. Herbicide application reduces the time spent on weed control. However, the evolution of resistance to herbicides in weeds has become widespread as a natural response to selection pressure imposed by agricultural management activities. If an herbicide with the same mechanisms of action is used repeatedly and intensively, it can rapidly select for a weed biotype that shifts toward difficult-to-control becoming a more tolerant weed and lead to the evolution of herbicideresistant weeds. Moreover, agricultural and biological factors have an important role in the development of herbicide-resistant weed populations. Mitigating the evolution of herbicide resistance in weeds relies on reducing selection through the diversification of weed control techniques. The resistance management of weeds in the future will strongly depend on intensive cropping systems. The current situation of intensive cropping systems with their heavy reliance on the efficacy of chemical weed control will not lead to significant containment of this problem. Therefore, management strategies need to overcome the further spread of herbicide resistance in weeds in Korean crop production. This review presents the current information on herbicide resistance in Korea and factors controlling the development of herbicide resistant weeds.

Biological Characteristics of Bromobutide+Imazosulfuron+Mefenacet GR Using Paddy Field (논 제초제 브로모뷰타이드·이마조설퓨론·메페나셋 입제의 생물특성)

  • Lee, In-Yong;Kim, Chang-Seok;Lee, Jeong-Ran;Moon, Byung-Chul;Jeong, Yong-Gyun
    • Korean Journal of Weed Science
    • /
    • v.31 no.4
    • /
    • pp.401-404
    • /
    • 2011
  • Bromobutide, a paddy field herbicide, can effectively control annual and perennial weeds. It has an excellent weeding effect especially against Monochoria vaginalis and Scirpus juncoides etc. When it is mixed with other herbicides controlling weed spectrum and application timing can be broaden. Bromobutide has stable weeding effects regardless of field and weather conditions, and there is almost no phyototoxic effects to rice.

Chemical Weed Control Systems in Orchard (제초제(除草劑)를 이용(利用)한 과수원(果樹園)의 잡초방제(雜草防除) 체계(體系))

  • Pyon, J.Y.;Lee, J.C.
    • Korean Journal of Weed Science
    • /
    • v.2 no.1
    • /
    • pp.53-56
    • /
    • 1982
  • In order to establish the chemical weed control systems in orchard, efficacy of glyphosate and paraquat with oxyfluorfen, simazine and alachlor were evaluated in pear and peach orchards. Dominant weed species existed before glyphosate or paraquat application were Artemesia princeps, Calystegia japonica, Erigeron canadensis, and Lepidium apetalum, but Digitaria sanguinalis was one of the most dominant weeds throughout growing season of fruit trees. Gtyphosate at 120g/10a followed by oxyfluorfen at 04g/10a drastically reduced number of weeds and fresh weight of weeds and was found to be the most effective method for controlling weeds in orchard. Paraquat at 100g/10a followed by oxyfluorfen at 117g/10a and sequential application of glyphosate at 120g/10a also provided good weed control.

  • PDF

Evaluation of Carfentrazone-ethyl Alone and in Combination with Glyphosate or Glufosinate for Weed Control in Orchards (Carfentrazone-ethyl의 단제와 Glyphosate 및 Glufosinate와의 혼합처리에 의한 과수원에서의 잡초방제효과)

  • Lee, H.J.;Han, S.U.;Guh, J.O.;Kim, M.H.
    • Korean Journal of Weed Science
    • /
    • v.17 no.3
    • /
    • pp.256-261
    • /
    • 1997
  • Effect of a new postemergence herbicide carfentrazone-ethyl on controlling weeds in pear orchards was examined and compared with that of glyphosate and glufosinate. Herbicides tested were applied in mid June when weeds had reached at an average height of 15 to 20cm. The experimented orchards were infested mainly by dicots of Artemisia princeps, Chenopodium album, Polygonum hydropiper, Erigeron canadensis, Commelina cummunis, Calystegia japonica, and Amaranthus ascenders, and monocots of Echinochlor crus-galli, Digitaria sangunalis, Setaria viridis, and several sedges, Carfentrazone-ethyl alone effectively controlled dicot weeds in the orchards, but not monocot weeds. Especially, sedges were not adequately controlled by carfentrazone-ethyl alone at any application rates examined. Glyphosate or glufosinate was more effective to control monocot weeds than carfentrazone-ethyl, whereas carfentrazone-ethyl exhibited higher effect on dicot weeds than glyphosate or glufosinate. Carfentrazone-ethyl mixed with glyphosate of the half recommended rate exhibited a higher degree of weed control, especially of E. crus-galli, as compared to the herbicide mixture of carfentrazone-ethyl with glufosinate of the half recommended rate. However, no phytotocixity of the herbicides to pear trees was observed. Our results demonstrate that catfentrazone-ethyl is useful to reduce the application rates and to accelerate the weed controlling effect of glyphosate or glufosinate. Thus, carfentrazone-ethyl in combination with glyphosate or glufosinate can successfully be used to control the most important weeds in orchards.

  • PDF