• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.301-306
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• 2019

Purpose: This report presents a procedure for performing power Doppler ultrasound-guided sialography using the phenomenon of increased blood flow and illustrates its application to practical patient cases. Materials and Methods: The salivary gland was scanned using ultrasound equipment (GE LOGIQ5 Expert^® device; GE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI, USA) to identify pathological findings related to the patient's chief complaint. To identify the orifice of the main duct, it should be cannulated using a lacrimal dilator. After inserting the catheter into the cannulated main duct, the position of the catheter within the duct was confirmed by ultrasound. A contrast agent was injected until the patient felt fullness, and ultrasound (B-mode) was used to confirm whether the contrast agent filled the main canal and secondary and tertiary ducts. Then, power Doppler ultrasound was performed to determine whether the salivary gland had increased blood flow. Results: In 2 cases in this report, a power Doppler ultrasound scan showed a significant increase in blood flow after contrast medium injection, which was not observed on a preoperative scan. Conclusion: Power Doppler ultrasound was found to be a simple, safe, and effective tool for real-time sialography monitoring.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.22 no.12
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• pp.1339-1346
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• 2019

In the characteristic of the brain malignant, the blood vessels and tumors have the same color and shape, and the boundary distinction is not clear, Therefore, it is difficult to observe the naked eye. Because of the high invasiveness, the risk of recurrence is high. Therefore, complete resection of the tumor is essential. The method for distinguishing the boundary between blood vessels and tumors is a fluorescence contrast method using indocyanine green (ICG), a fluorescence contrast agent. In ICG, the concentration range analysis is very important because the fluorescence expression state varies depending on the concentration. However, since the analysis result of the fluorescence expression condition is insufficient according to the current concentration, this paper proposes by analyzing the initial protocol of the concentration range. 780 nm infrared light was irradiated to the ICG sample to observe the fluorescence expression through a near infrared (NIR) camera. The wavelength is measured by using a spectrum instrument (ocean view) to observe the fluorescence expression wavelength of 811nm. As a result of analyzing the mol concentration according to each sample, the fluorescence expression range was found to be 16.15-0.16M and the optimum fluorescence concentration on the brightest part was found to be 3.23-0.81M.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.439-444
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to seek an alternative method to prevent the contamination of normal saline caused by the back-flow of Gadolinium Based Contrast Agent(GBCA) by the use of auto-injector for dynamic MRI. The research method is to manufacture the non-return valve as an alternative to the existing, and to examine the usefulness of the normal saline by dividing the state of normal saline into three groups. The signal intensity were compared. As a result, there was no statistically significant difference between normal saline before injection of group 1 and group 3 non-return valve (p> 0.05). It is analyzed that the self-produced non-return valve completely blocked the GBCA back to normal saline when the GBCA was injected. In conclusion, the application of the non-return valve presented in this study for dynamic MRI imaging using the auto injector can prevent normal saline contamination due to GBCA back-flow.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.55-67
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• 1998

The developing agent is the materials which first acts on silver grain and make it into metallic silver by reducing reaction. There are several types in developing agents, and according to Lumiere-Andresen principle, substitution product which has amino or hydroxyl group in benzen nucleus has a developing power, but all reducing substances are not in used .In the developing effect, not only the role of developing agent but also that of assistant materials are important. But In this work, we have studied effect, change by lith developing agent which require high contrast image. We made an developing experiment after having manufactured developing solution used hydroquinone and another developing agents like chlorohydroquinone, pyrocatcchol and pyrogallol as developing agent. And we added that did in addition of diethanolamine and ascorbic acid. and then we examined the possibility of use.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.1187-1193
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• 2012

The aim of this research is to enhance the bottom environment of Geoje fish farm that has been severely contaminated. Treatment of microbial agent and/or calcium oxide significantly changed that environment: in ignition loss, either treatment (25% or 21%) showed better than mixed treatment (13.2%). In COD, the oxygen releasing agent or mixed treatment reduced the index by more than 20%. In T-P and T-N, the effects of $CaO_2$ on them were overwhelming (50% or more) meanwhile that of the microbial agent on them was less than 20%. Also, $CaO_2$ influenced on the microbial flora: Desulfobvibrio thermophilus, a sulfate reducing bacterium decreased in number, considering the increase of pH and rise of redox potential. In contrast, Pseudomonas sp., Pseudoalteromonas sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa were remarkably dominant over other species with mixed treatment as a PCA analysis confirmed it.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.185-199
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• 2012

The most of international shipping cargoes are transported by ship and the shipping market has been continuously increasing. However, due to the recent global recession, the volume of trade decreased accordingly, and the competition between shippers to gain a competitive advantage in the shipping market continues deepening. To do this, researches on transportation costs savings as well as ways to improve customer service are needed and recently related researches are being pursued. Car carriers which transport more than 80% of car import and export volume in the world also make a lot of effort in order to reduce transportation costs, but in contrast related researches are seldom fulfilled. In this study, we developed an agent system that supports the efficient transportation of car carriers plan so that the car carriers can increase competitiveness through reduction of the logistics costs. To make this, we researched an algorithm for maritime transportation planning, and also developed a prototype of an agent system which can collect the necessary information in real time and establish a dynamic plan.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.427-431
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to monitor the current adverse reactions in administering CT contrast agents at general hospitals and also to suggest the practical guidelines to minimize the risk and to show the successful patient management. At four Dajeon city general hospitals, the contrast agents were administered in 646,828 cases and the overall prevalence of adverse reactions was 4,110 cases from January 2010 to December 2013. However, we excluded the two hospitals' 3,658 cases because the patients' data was inadequate. Consequently, the case surveys on the rest of 452 cases have been studied and submitted. After comparing the patients with a control group, we evaluated that the key factors of the adverse reactions were the gender and age difference of the patients, the examination period, the examination method, the quantity and administrating speed of the contrast agents. Even though the four general hospitals have their own management systems on adverse reactions, but their systems were not satisfying. To improve the quality of the management systems and to investigate further cases, some hospital administration procedures on the subject should be systemized and general hospitals should follow the recommended procedures. Moreover, the existing three-year-term evaluation should not only judge the adverse reaction management but also conclude some details on the sub criteria of the evaluation. The details on the sub criteria include the contrast agent characters, the quantity and administrating speed of the drug, the incidents' occurred time, an anamnesis; a case history, the medical history of the patients and the reaction occurring body parts, and the examination title. The details of the medical examiners are also added to the sub criteria.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.130-134
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• 1997

Purpose: To analyze contrast-enhancement pattern of stomach cancer on dynamic MRI and to verify the efficacy of intravenous contrast agent in the evaluation of stomach cancer. Materials and Methods: Twelve patients with proven stomach cancer underwent dynamic MRI. By using l.OT scanner, we obtained precontrast FLASH images, and 30, 60, 90 second delay FLASH images after intravenous contrast injection. All patients ingested one liter of water and had intramuscular injection of Buscopan just before MR study. For quantitative analysis we measured signal to noise ratio (SiN) of stomach cancer on each image, and signal difference to noise ratio (SD/N) between cancer and intraluminal fluid, cancer and the pancreas. For qualitative analysis two radiologists evaluated lesion conspicuity on each image by grading system(grade 0, 1, 2, 3: poor, fair, good, excellent). Results: SiN of stomach cancer increased gradually by time(precontrast, 30, 60, 90 second delay: 38.7, 42.5, 57.4, 65.7). SD/N between cancer and intraluminal fluid significantly increased after contrast enhancement(l.24, 25.01, 39.30, 45.89). SD/Ns between cancer and the pancreas were 10.5, 9.33, 9.99, 10.66, respectively. In qualitative analysis, precontrast images were better than postcontrast images for delineation of stomach cancer. Postcontrast images showed clear endo-Iuminal side of stomach cancer, but outer margin of stomach cancer was more distinct on precontrast images. Conclusion: Precontrast MR images are better than postcontrast MR images in the depiction of stomach cancer. Intravenous contrast agent is not imperative in the evaluation of stomach cancer.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.61-68
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation of blooming artifacts according to dilution ratio of contrast agent on CT angiography images. A total of 10 sets were prepared by differently setting the ratio of contrast media and saline in a ball phantom made by a 3D printer. CT scan images were obtained and reconstructed by MIP and MPR techniques to obtain axial, sagittal and coronal images, respectively. After, the diameter of the ball phantom of the image obtained after the test was measured each 30 times, a total 1800 times. As a result, the dilution of 20:80 in the coronal plane was the smallest (p<0.05). Similarly, when dilute to 20:80 in the sagittal plane of MIP, it was the smallest as 20.39 ± 0.08 mm (p<0.05). Correlation analysis between dilution ratio and measurement size confirmed strong negative correlations in all reconstructed images (p<0.05). In conclusion, the higher the dilution ratio of the contrast agent, the more difficult it is to measure actual blood vessel measurement. Therefore, this study may provide basic data in future studies on actual measurement.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.786-792
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• 2013

In this study was explored minimize side effects due to the additional injection of contrast medium and maintaining a high resolution imaging applied to the inspection and analysis of the contrast medium that affect the peak time biomechanics factors. Included 48 patients using the test bolus method, after measuring a patient's biomechanics factors of inspection before and during the test, correlation between contrast medium peak time and learn, matches the regression equation calculated and measured contrast medium peak time was assessed by the Bland Altman plot. Research result, inspections of SBP, HR contrast medium peak time and a significant negative correlation was, step 1, every increase, the contrast medium peak time significantly to -0.018 and -0.159 decreased, a fairly high concordance no difference between the two method. In conclusion, the regression equation using the existing methods, while maintaining excellent image quality that contrast medium is reduced to a patient, it can conclude that the alternative to the existing methods.