• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.485-492
• /
• 2015

Small advance ratio and low Reynolds number of stratospheric propulsion system bring lots of challenges to the design of propellers. Contra-rotating propeller configuration is proposed to improve the propulsion efficiency. In this paper, the feasibility of contra-rotating propeller for stratospheric airship has been assessed and its performance has been investigated by wind tunnel tests. The experimental results indicate, at relatively low Reynolds number, although the advance ratio is fixed, the performance of propellers is different with variation of Reynolds number. Moreover, at the same Reynolds number, the efficiency of contra-rotating propeller achieved appears to be a few percent greater than that for a standard conventional propulsion system. It can be concluded that contra-rotating propellers would be an efficient means to improve the performance of stratospheric airship propulsion system.

• 한국해양공학회지
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.36-43
• /
• 2000

In this paper a Vortex Lattice Method is used to predict the performances of a contra-Rotating Propeller. Greeley and Kerwin's(1982) wake model is adopted instead of the exact trailing vortex geometry. The interaction of the two propellers is treated by the sense that the induction of one propeller upon the other propeller is averaged in the circumferential direction . Two single propellers (DTRC 4119 & DTRC 4842) are chosen and compared with the experimental and other numerical results published. Then the computational results for three CRP's (4-0-4 CRP(DTRC 3686+DTRC 3687A) 4-0-5 CRP(DTRC 3686+DTRC 3849) & DTRC CRT(DTRC 5067+DTRC 5068) are compared with the experimental and numerical results published. The interaction of both propellers by the change of inflow velocity and circulation of each propeller is investigated.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.29-38
• /
• 2009

A ship's screw-propeller produces thrust by rotation and, at the same time, generates rotational flow behind the propeller. This rotational flow has no contribution to the generation of thrust, but instead produces energy loss. By recovering part of the lost energy in the rotational flow, therefore, it is possible to improve the propulsion efficiency. The contra-rotating propeller (CRP) system is the representing example of such devices. Unfortunately, however, neither a design method nor a full-scale performance prediction procedure for the CRP system has been well established yet. The authors have long performed studies on the CRP system, and some of the results from the authors' studies shall be presented and discussed.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.595-609
• /
• 2015

The wake characteristics of Contra-Rotating Propeller (CRP) were investigated using numerical simulation and flow measurement. The numerical simulation was carried out with a commercial CFD code based on a Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations solver, and the flow measurement was performed with Stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry (SPIV) system. The simulation results were validated through the comparison with the experiment results measured around the leading edge of rudder to investigate the effect of propeller operation under the conditions without propeller, with forward propeller alone, and with both forward and aft propellers. The evolution of CRP wake was analyzed through velocity and vorticity contours on three transverse planes and one longitudinal plane based on CFD results. The trajectories of propeller tip vortex core in the cases with and without aft propeller were also compared, and larger wake contraction with CRP was confirmed.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.329-344
• /
• 2017

This paper introduces a BEM/RANS interactive scheme to predict the contra-rotating propeller (CRP) performance. In this scheme, the forward propeller and the aft propeller are handled by two separate BEM models while the interactions between them are achieved by coupling them with a RANS solver. By using the body force field and mass source field to represent the propeller in the RANS model, the number of RANS cells and the number of required RANS iterations reduce significantly. The method provides an efficient way to predict the effective wake, the steady/unsteady propeller forces, etc. The BEM/RANS interactive scheme is first applied to a CRP in both an axisymmetric manner and a non-axisymmetric manner. Results are shown in good agreement with the experimental data in moderate to high advance ratios. It is proved that the difference between the axisymmetric scheme and the non-axisymmetric scheme mainly comes from the non-axisymmetric bodies. It is also found that the error is larger at lower advance ratios. Possible explanations are given. Finally, some additional cases are tested which justifies that the non-axisymmetric BEM/RANS scheme is able to handle a podded CRP working at given inclination angles.

• 대한조선학회논문집
• /
• 제50권5호
• /
• pp.282-290
• /
• 2013

The effects of the combination of blade number for forward and after propeller on the propeller shaft forces of a contra-rotating propeller (CRP) system are presented in the paper. The research is performed through the numerical simulations based on the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations (RANS). The simulation results of the present method in open water condition are validated comparing with the experimental data as well as the other numerical simulation results based on the potential method for 4-0-4 CRP (3686+3687A) and 4-0-5 CRP (3686+3849) of DTNSRDC. Two sets of CRP are designed and simulated to study the effect of the combination of blade number in behind-hull condition. One set consists of 3-blade and 4-blade, while the other is 4-blade and 4-blade. A full hull body submerged under the free surface is modeled in the computational domain to simulate directly the wake field of the ship at the propeller plane. From the simulation results, the fluctuations of axial force and moment are dominant in the case of same blade numbers for forward and after propellers, whereas the fluctuations of horizontal and vertical forces and moments are very large in the case of different blade numbers.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.500-509
• /
• 2015

The numerical simulation of two-dimensional moving blade row interactions is conducted by CFD means to investigate the interactions between the front and rear propeller in a stratospheric airship contra-rotating open propeller configuration caused by different rotational speeds. The rotational speed is a main factor to affect the propeller Reynolds number which impact the aerodynamic performance of blade rows significantly. This effect works until the Reynolds number reaches a high enough value beyond which the coefficients become independent. Additionally, the interference on the blade row has been revealed by the investigation. The front blade row moves in the induced-velocity field generated by the rear blade row and the aerodynamic coefficients are influenced when the rear blade row has fast RPMs. The rear blade row moving behind the front one is affected directly by the wake and eddies generated by the front blade row. The aerodynamic coefficients reduce when the front blade row has slow RPMs while increase when the front blade row moves faster than itself. But overall, the interference on the front blade row due to the rear blade row is slight and the interference on the rear blade row due to the front blade row is much more significant.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.248-254
• /
• 2013

IMO가 도입한 Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI)의 강제로 최근 관심이 증가되고 있는 상반회전 프로펠러(Contra-Rotating Propeller, CRP)의 단독 상태에서의 성능평가를 위한 보오텍스격자법(Vortex Lattice Method) 기반의 포텐셜 수치해법과 모형시험법을 확립하고 이를 특정 CRP에 적용하여 유용성을 검증하였다. 대상 CRP는 EEDI 개선을 목적으로 설계된 것으로 그 성능을 본 연구의 수치 및 실험 해석을 바탕으로 분석하였다. CRP의 설계점을 포함한 주 작동 영역에 대해 계산과 실험이 좋은 일치를 보임을 확인하였고, 본 연구를 통하여 제안된 기법은 향후 CRP 설계 및 성능해석에 유용하게 사용될 수 있으리라 생각된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제21권7호
• /
• pp.391-398
• /
• 2020

프로펠러에 의해 생성된 회전 유동에 의한 손실된 에너지를 일부라도 회복시킨다면 추진효율을 증가시킬 수 있고 선박의 운항에 필요한 연료 소모를 줄일 수 있다. 이러한 목적을 위해 설치되는 장비를 에너지저감 장치라고 하며, 이 중 추진효율을 가장 증대시키는 장치 중 하나가 상반회전 프로펠러 시스템이다. 대형 선박에 상반회전 프로펠러를 장착하기 위해서 우선 해결해야 할 과제는 저널 베어링에 발생하는 평균 압력이 선급 요구 조건을 만족하는 것인데, 국내에서는 현재 이 단계를 극복하지 못해 실용화가 이루어지지 않고 있다. 그 다음 단계는 국부 압력도 낮추어 신뢰성을 높이는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 첫 단계인 평균 압력 문제를 해결하기 위해 상반회전 프로펠러 장착 대상 선박으로 축계의 중량을 줄일 수 있는 선미 형상이 짧은 정유운반선을 선정하였고, 이에 적합한 축계 설계안을 제시하였다. 제시안에 대해 축계 해석을 수행한 결과, 선박에 주로 사용되는 저널 베어링 라이닝 재질(화이트메탈)에 대한 선급 요구 설계기준인 평균 면압 0.8 MPa(8 bar)을 만족함을 확인하였으며, 다음 단계인 국부 압력 감소의 필요성도 확인하였다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
• /
• 제50권3호
• /
• pp.153-159
• /
• 2013

The power transmission system has always been considered critical for a human powered boat(or water bike) since it first showed up at Human Powered Vessel Festival. Mechanical problems, such as abrasions and other damages of the gear system for the power transmission, lead to poor durability and low efficiency of a boat. This paper described mechanical problems and a design process of power transmission system and then suggested the method to solve the problems. It is selected a module and a type of gears that are structurally stable thus can transmit the power durable. Especially the lower gear box is applied to CRP(contra rotating propeller) system for improving the structural stability and the propeller efficiency as well. As the results, the upper and lower gear box are designed and manufactured. And from the trial test, it is confirmed that the power transmission system is reliable.