• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.15-20
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• 2010

Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses have been supplied since the year 2000 in order to resolve severe atmospheric pollution in metropolitan area and contributed on the improvement of urban atmospheric environment. However, it is indispensible to take an adequate measure to guarantee the safety of CNG vehicles because of the possibility of huge fire accident. A receptacle, connecting device between high pressure fuel supply tank and fuel line, plays an important role in CNG supply system. In recent, leakage of CNG from receptacles has been reported. So, the concern about the security and reliability of receptacles has been arisen. Therefore, a lot of efforts to prevent leakage are invested among researchers and the durability of this component should be guaranteed despite repeated operation. This research has performed durability tests of a CNG receptacle regarding the repeated usage, extreme chattering, and continuous full flow test. Although a receptacle used for CNG vehicle satisfies validation requirements in the test results, it has been found that failure in the function of leakage prevention in a receptacle could take place in the case of prolonged exposure to high supply pressure in common quick charging environment on site.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.265-275
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analysis of the changes of the white noise on the change of the writing ability and hand function of the children with the intellectual disabilities and then provide the basic information about that. The subjects was 12 children with intellectual disabilities. White noise was applied to analyze the subjects' writing ability and hand function before and after application. The provision of the white noise was continuous and uniform through the white noise generator. The analysis of the writing ability was performed by using the KNISE-BAAT assessment and the writing, vocabulary and composing ability were evaluated for the writing ability of the subjects. Also, the analysis of the hand function was performed by using the pegboard sub-item of the Manual Function Test. The results of the writing ability showed the statistically significant increase of the writing and vocabulary ability, but in the case of the composing ability, there was no statistically significant increase in the composing ability. Also, the results of the hand function showed the statistically significant increase in the both hands. The use of the white noise should be considered as a compensatory approach to improve the writing ability and hand function of the children with intellectual disabilities. Also, in order to improve the level of the performance, learning level, and academic achievement of the children of the intellectual disabilities, the application of the white noise in the living and learning environment should be needed to consider.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.351-360
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• 2018

Human emotion recognition is a research topic that is receiving continuous attention in computer vision and artificial intelligence domains. This paper proposes a method for classifying human emotions through multiple neural networks based on multi-modal signals which consist of image, landmark, and audio in a wild environment. The proposed method has the following features. First, the learning performance of the image-based network is greatly improved by employing both multi-task learning and semi-supervised learning using the spatio-temporal characteristic of videos. Second, a model for converting 1-dimensional (1D) landmark information of face into two-dimensional (2D) images, is newly proposed, and a CNN-LSTM network based on the model is proposed for better emotion recognition. Third, based on an observation that audio signals are often very effective for specific emotions, we propose an audio deep learning mechanism robust to the specific emotions. Finally, so-called emotion adaptive fusion is applied to enable synergy of multiple networks. The proposed network improves emotion classification performance by appropriately integrating existing supervised learning and semi-supervised learning networks. In the fifth attempt on the given test set in the EmotiW2017 challenge, the proposed method achieved a classification accuracy of 57.12%.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.313-323
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• 1998

This study was a descriptive research on the level of self-care available to continous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients (hereinafter referred to as 'CAPD patient') related to the specific area of infection management. The method employed for the collection of data was a modified instrument of the self-care survey essentially based on Young Sook Choi's instrument. The relevant data was collected from september 1, 1996 to september 30, 1996. The subjects were provided with an open-ended question regarding the reasons behind why they did not seek self-care. The answers provided about self-care compliance were analyzed by SPSS for frequency, percentage, mean, t-test, ANOVA. Reasons for non-compliance were analyzed by content analysis. The results of the study were as follows : 1. The percentage of patients engaging in self-care were according to the following self performed tasks : preparation of dialysis : 30.58 points Dialysate exchange procedures : 49.40 points - Two bag type : 50.50 points - Spike type : 48.80 points - Neo type : 48.90 points Catheter exit site care : 25.13 points More specifically, in relation to the preparation of dialysis as referred to above, those patients engaging in self care was relatively high with respect to the cleaning of the dialysis before use and for the preservation of peritosol. However, in dialysate exchange procedures, data revealed that those patients engaging in self-care are relatively low with respect to putting on a mask during the performance of peritosol exchange. Similary in peritosol exchange procedure and catheter exit care, low levels of self-care performance were found in the area of putting on a mask during the peritosol exchange procedures and catheter line testing procedures, respectively. 2. In general characteristics, there appeared to be no distinction in self-care compliance among CAPD patients. 3. The main reasons for non-compliance were based in the following factor : intellectual, attitude, enviromental surrounding and physical. As a result of the foregoing finding, nurses should provide adequate assistance to promote self-care compliance by CAPD patients by checking the preparation of dialysis, dialysate exchange procedure, and catheter exit site care which recieved low point in this research.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.421-422
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• 2011

The first part is about development of a liquid target for a neutron source, which is designed to overcome many of the limitations of traditional beam-target neutron generators by utilizing a liquid target neutron source. One of the most critical aspects of the beam-target neutron generator is the target integrity under the beam exposure. A liquid target can be a good solution to overcome damage to the target such as target erosion and depletion of hydrogen isotopes in the active layer, especially for the one operating at high neutron fluxes with no need for water cooling. There is no inherent target lifetime for the liquid target neutron generator when used with continuous refreshment of the target surface exposed to the energetic beam. In this work, liquid target containing hydrogen has been developed and tested in vacuum environment. Potentially, liquid targets could allow a point neutron source whose spatial extension is on the order of 1 to $10{\mu}m$. And the second is about the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) spectrometer which is designed as a five-channel spectral system for ITER main plasma measurement. To develop and verify the design, a two-channel prototype system was fabricated with No. 3 (14.4 nm~31.8 nm) and No. 4 (29.0 nm~60.0 nm) among the five channels. For test of the prototype system, a hollow cathode lamp is used as a light source. The system is composed of a collimating mirror to collect the light from source to slit, and two holographic diffraction gratings with toroidal geometry to diffract and also to collimate the light from the common slit to detectors. The two gratings are positioned at different optical distances and heights as designed. To study the appropriate detector for ITER VUV system, two different electronic detectors of the back-illuminated charge coupled device and the micro-channel plate electron multiplier were installed and the performance has been investigated and compared in the same experimental conditions. The overall system performance was verified by measuring the spectrums.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.743-749
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• 1996

A new static contractor using capillary phenomena induced by a highly packed fiber bundle was developed for the solvent extraction. When two immiscible phases being cocurrently and forcedly fed into the packed fiber bundle, the contactor brings about a very large liquid-liquid contact area for mass transfer within a small definite space without any turbulence and drop phenomena. In order to test the characteristics and stability of the static contractor system, continuous extraction experiments of TBP-uranyl ion-nitric acid system were done and compared with the batch extraction experiment of the same chemical system. The performance of the static contractor were the same as that of the ideal batch extractor with the same extraction condition. For the increase of the extraction yield by the contactor, the increase of organic flow rate was required at a fixed aqueous flow rate, and a certain residence time of the aqueous phase flow within the contactor system had to be maintained to meet the performance of the batch system of the same phase ratio. The residence time in the case of TBP-uranyl ion-nitric acid system was about 1.9 minutes. This system was confirmed to be effective and stable enough for purposes of the kinetic study of solvent extraction as well as the mutual separation and purification of ordinary materials because of good reproducibility and the stable and large static liquid-liquid contact area.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.1089-1097
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• 2002

In this paper, the novel shipboard Active Phased Array Antenna(APAA) system for maritime mobile satellite communications is introduced. The antenna uses novel technologies like wide range hybrid tracking, single antenna elements with both of Rx and Tx, asymmetrical array structure, interference isolation between Rx and Tx, and error correction method from frequency scan effect. The antenna has single aperture for both of Rx and Tx with 32 $\times$ 4 two-dimensional array. The antenna has two beams. Its frequencies are 7.25 ~ 7.75 GHz for Rx and 7.9 ~ 8.4 GHz for Tx. The antenna gains are 35.4 dBi for Rx and 35.7 dBi for Tx, those are 54 % of efficiency. The electrically steering ranges are $\pm$35$^{\circ}$ of elevation direction and $\pm$4$^{\circ}$ of azimuth direction. The mechanical control ranges at hybrid tracking capability are continuous 360$^{\circ}$ of azimuth direction and $\pm$10$^{\circ}$ of elevation direction. The antenna has 2.2$^{\circ}$ of 3 dB beamwidth, -14 dB of sidelobe level, and 21 dB of cross-pol suppression. The antenna performance was measured by near field measurement set. Its system performance was tested on the ship motion simulator and with the satellite transponder simulator. The test result showed that its tracking error was within -3 dB from its peak gain under motion condition. The antenna system was tested by real modulated Direct Broadcasting Satellite(DBS) signals to check its communication processing function.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.92-100
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• 2015

Electric Vehicle (EV) can be categorized by the driving method into in-wheel and in-line types. In-wheel type EV does not have transmission shaft, differential gear and other parts that are used in conventional cars, which simplifies and lightens the structure resulting in higher efficiency. In this paper, design method for in-wheel motor for automobiles using Parameter Map is proposed, and motor with continuous power of 5 kW is designed, built and its performance is verified. To decide the capacity of the in-wheel motor that meets the automobile's requirement, Vehicle Dynamic Simulation considering the total mass of vehicle, gear efficiency, effective radius of tire, slope ratio and others is performed. Through this step, the motor's capacity is decided and initial design to determine the motor shape and size is performed. Next, the motor parameters that meet the requirement is determined using parametric design that uses parametric map. After the motor parameters are decided using parametric map, optimal design to improve THD of back EMF, cogging torque, torque ripple and other factors is performed. The final design was built, and performance analysis and verification of the proposed method is conducted by performing load test.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.520-526
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• 2015

Reinforcing bar splices are inevitable in reinforced concrete structure. In these days, there are three main types of splices used in reinforced concrete construction site - lapped splice, mechanical splice and welded splice. Low cost, practicality in construction site, less time consuming and high performance make gas pressure welding become a favorable splice method. However, reinforcing bar splice experiences thermal loading history during the welding procedure. This may lead to the presence of residual stress in the vicinity of the splice which affects the fatigue life of the reinforcing bar. Therefore, residual stress analysis and tensile test of the gas pressure welded splice are carried out in order to verify the load bearing capacity of the gas pressure welded splice. The reinforcing bar used in this work is SD400, which is manufactured in accordance with KS D 3504. The results show that the residual stresses in welded splice is relatively small, thus not affecting the performance of the reinforcing bar. Moreover, the strength of the gas pressure welded splice is high enough for the development of yielding in the bar. As such, the reinforcing bar with gas pressure welded splice has enough capacity to behave as continuous bar.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.1707-1721
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• 2014

Half-depth panels were developed with the merits of CIP (Cast In Place) decks and precast decks for constructability and fast construction. In this paper, details of half-depth panels with pre-tensioning were suggested. For evaluation of structural performance, five half-depth panel specimens were fabricated and static tests were conducted. The cross-sections of these specimens were composed of pre-tensioned half-depth panels and pre-tensioned two-span half-depth panels. Test parameters were the amount of the prestressing force and the longitudinal reinforcements. Static tests on simply-supported slabs showed that ultimate strength was 1.55 times greater than calculated nominal strength. The flexural strength was only 10 % increased and the influence on crack width control was negligible when the member of tendons was increased twice. For two-span continuous specimens, the ultimate strength increased 1.2 times and 1.38 times respectively as the reinforcement was additionally provided. The verified half-depth panels by this research can be effectively utilized for the fast replacement or construction of bridges.