• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.119-122
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• 2003

Quantitation methods of total petroleum hydrocarbons to determinate oil contaminated level in soil were discussed. Extraction characteristics of several pretreatment methods and practical detection limit and reappearances in gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. with each pretreatment method were investigated. The obtained results showed that the newly adopted quantitation method and mechanical shaking extraction method using methanol with extraction solvent are more practical and applicable to real sample than the conventional methods. In applying these methods to gasoline, kerosene, fuel oil which are major source of soil contamination, the practical quantitation limit and % relative standard deviation was able to determine with range of 2.5 - 10 ppm, 5 - 7 ％.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.90-93
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• 2003

Sampling of waters from each stage of treatment system, SAPS (Successive Alkalinity Producing System), and spring water near the Hanchang coal mine of Kangwon. Province were carried out periodically and analyzed to evaluate the source and possible path of groundwater contamination by acid mine drainage(AMD). Chemical and sulfur isotope compositions showed that spring water was affected by seepage from mine tailings, and seepage of stonewall, a part of treatment system, was affected by both seepage from mine tailings and mine adit drainage. Through the treatment system no appreciable decrease of sulfur content was identified. And almost similar sulfur isotope compositions of water from each stage of the treatment system may suggest incomplete or very poor sulfate reduction by sulfate reducing bacteria.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2001.02a
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• pp.78-79
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• 2001

노광 후 지연(Post Exposure Delay： PED) 효과는 그림 1과 같이 노광 후 지연 시간에 따른 감광제의 Profile에 thinning, T-top, foot, undercut 를 보여주는 현상으로 화학 증폭형 감광제(Chemically Amplified Resist, CAR) 개발에 있어 PED의 안정성은 중요한 요소이다(1). 따라서 노광후 지연 효과에 대한 모델링은 연구와 개발을 위한 시뮬레이션 tool에 있어 매우 의미 있는 일이다. T-top 이나 undercut 를 형성하는 Surface inhibition layer(SIL) 은 노광 후 지연시 발생되는 environmental base contamination, acid evaporation 이 주요 원인이며 다른 원인으로는 감광제 속에서 acid migration, spin coating 동안에 photoacid generator (PAG)의 고갈, internal basic impurities 이며 그 외에 nonbsic atmospheric contamination, high power laser source의 영향 등이 있다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the KSEEG Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.99-102
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• 2003

Shallow groundwater systems are highly vulnerable to anthropogenic contamination and are characterized by a variety of redox condition. The redox state is a key parameter to control the nitrate contamination which is related to nitrification or denitrification processes. In relation to the control of nitrate problem, it is very important to understand the source, transport and fate of nitrogen compounds in a groundwater system. (omitted)

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.1-6
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• 2023

In CO₂ laser surface machining of plastic films in modern display manufacturing, scattering of fume particles could be a major source of well-recognized film surface contamination. This computational fluid dynamics research investigates the suction air flow patterns over a film surface as well as the dispersion of micron-sized fume particles with low-Reynolds number particle drag model. The numerical results show the recirculatory flow patterns near laser machining point on film surface and also over the surface of vertical suction slot, which may hinder the efficient removal of fume particles from film surface. The dispersion characteristics of fume particles with various particle size have been tested systematically under different levels of suction flow intensity. It is found that suction removal efficiency of fume particles heavily depends on the particle size in highly nonlinear manners and a higher degree of suction does not always results in more efficient particle removal.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Groundwater Environment
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.70-79
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• 1996

The Friar Tuck Abandoned Coal Mine site is one of the most complexly disturbed areas in the midwestern United States. The deposits of gob and tailings contain high concentrations of pyrite, whose oxidation contributes to the acidification of soil and water and prevents the growth of vegetation. In an effort to quantitatively evaluate the effects of reclamation techniques, detailed monitoring program was performed. Water samples were collected from surface water, groundwater, and pore water from the unsaturated zone during a period of five years. According to the results, The spoil deposits are a relatively minor source of contamination and gob piles are the source of severe contamination to surface water and groundwater. But, loess and till beneath the gob piles effectively prevent the contaminated water migration from the source. Surface layers of the gob piles and the tailing deposits are less toxic than the interior of the deposits as a consequence of weathering over several decades. Acid mine drainage is in a post-peak stage and acid formation potential is probably situated in the unsaturated zone of refuse.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.6 no.1 s.11
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• pp.75-90
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• 1998

In this study, as a method for management of waterquality in stream, we build a database on a environmental information such as a pollution source, a waterquality. And especially, we simulate the BOD concentration which is a index indicate the status of organic pollution in stream. Also This study purposes not only building a database on all sorts of envirnomental data, but also searching, statistic and analysis of the database. The result of this study enables us to see and understand contamination state in stream esaily, so it can help to enhance the attention. Also, we can quickly know study area and the degree of effects when water contamination occurs abruptly. And also, we can compare and know pollution source state and the pollutant load among districts. It is expected to use it as an auxiliary basis when we make a policy about pollutant load reduction, because we can know the extent of the pollution in strean by each a pollution source.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.77-86
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• 2018

The human pathogen and food spoiler Bacillus cereus can form biofilms that act as a persistent source of contamination, which is of public health concern. This study aimed to understand how the source of isolation might affect the behavior of biofilm formation. Biofilm formation abilities of 56 strains of B. cereus isolated from different environments, including human food poisoning, farm, and food, were determined. Crystal violet assay results revealed significant (p < 0.05) differences in biofilm formation abilities among the strains isolated from different sources only at an early stage of incubation. However, strain origin showed no impact on later stage of biofilm formation. Next, correlation of the group of isolates on the basis of their biofilm-forming abilities with the number of sessile cells, sporulation, and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) formation was determined. The number of sessile cells and spores in biofilms was greatly influenced by the groups of isolates that formed dense, moderate, and weak biofilms. The contribution of extracellular DNA and/or proteins to EPS formation was also positively correlated with biofilm formation abilities. Our results that the source of isolation had significant impact on biofilm formation might provide important information to develop strategies to control B. cereus biofilm formation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.346-346
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• 2011

최근 들어 나노스케일에서의 자구체(magnetic domain)에 대한 연구가 매우 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 현재 국내에서 자성 나노구조에 대한 연구가 매우 활발하게 진행 되고 있는 반면에 나노자성이미지를 연구 할 수 있는 장비는 매우 미비한 상황이다. 이러한 자성 이미징을 연구하는데 있어 가장 핵심 적인 장비가 SEMPA(Scanning Electron Microscopy with Polarization Analysis)이다. 국내에서 자성나노구조의 자화와 형상을 동시에 측정 할 수 있는 장비는 한국표준과학연구원에서 개발된 W-filament source를 사용한 SEMPA가 유일하다. 일반적으로 SEM의 경우 고에너지 빔의 전자 빔을 주사 시키고 이때 발생되는 이차 전자의 수를 2차원상의 영역에 따라 달라지는 비로 형상을 측정 하게 된다. 이때 전자의 수 뿐만 아니라 이들의 spin polarization을 측정 할 수 있다면 형상뿐 만 아니라 표면에서의 스핀 상태를 동시에 측정할 수 있게 된다. 기개발된 W-filament source를 이용한 SEMPA는 field emission source에 비하여 전자빔의 세기가 약하며 이차 전자의 수도 적어 spin polarization 감도가 현저히 떨어진다. 또한 초고진공(1x10-10torr)에서 사용할 수 없어 측정시료의 contamination을 방지 할 수 없다. 이러한 문제점들을 보안하기 위하여 field emission source를 이용한 FE-SEMPA를 개발 중이다. 본 연구에서는 설계 및 전산시늉등의 연구결과와 진행사항을 발표하고자 한다. 아울러 W-filament를 사용한 SEMPA의 연구결과에 대한 논의를 할 예정이다.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.56-65
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• 2014

Contamination of explosive compounds in the soils of military shooting range may pose risks to human and ecosystems. As shooting ranges are located at remote places, active remediation processes with hardwares and equipments are less practical to implement than natural solutions such as bioremediaton. In this study, a series of experiments was conducted to select a suitable carbon source and to optimize dosing rate for the enhanced bioremediation of explosive compounds in surface soils and sediments of shooting ranges with indigenous microorganisms activated by external carbon source. Treatability study using slurry phase reactors showed that the presence of indigenous microbial community capable of explosive compounds degradation in the shooting range soils, and starch was a more effective carbon source than glucose and acetic acid in the removal of TNT. However, at higher starch/soil ratio, i.e., 2.0, the acute toxicity of the liquid phase increased possibly due to transformation products of TNT. RDX degradation by indigenous microorganisms was also stimulated by the addition of starch but the acute toxicity of the liquid phase decreased with the increase of starch/soil ratio. Taken together, the optimum range of starch/soil ratio for the degradation of explosive compounds without significant increase in acute toxicity was found to be 0.2 of starch/soil.