• 융합보안논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2020

신종 코로나 바이러스(SARS-CoV-2)로 인한 팬데믹이 확산되는 추세로 단기간 내 종식을 기대하기 힘든 상황이다. 디지털 기술의 활용은 코로나19 억제에 대해 가시적인 성과를 보여주고 있지만, 개인정보호호 측면에서는 논란이 되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 코로나19 팬데믹에 대한 우리나라 및 각국의 대응 현황을 살펴보고, 디지털 도구를 활용하되 개인정보를 보호하는 방향에 대해 제언한다. 팬데믹 억제를 위해서는 데이터 수집 및 처리가 필수적이지만 개인정보보호를 고려하여 꼭 필요한 수준과 범위로 제한해야 하고, 국제적 규모의 협력과 한시적이고 투명한 개인정보 이용, 이를 위한 법적·제도적 기반 확립이 필요하다. 오늘날 이 같은 데이터와 알고리즘 활용은 지속적으로 증가할 것이므로, 이와 더불어 개인정보보호를 위한 기술·제도적 보완 노력이 계속되어야 한다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제12권3_4호
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• pp.363-379
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• 2013

Dynamic displacement of structures is an important index for in-service structural condition and behavior assessment, but accurate measurement of structural displacement for large-scale civil structures such as long-span bridges still remains as a challenging task. In this paper, a vision-based dynamic displacement measurement system with the use of digital image processing technology is developed, which is featured by its distinctive characteristics in non-contact, long-distance, and high-precision structural displacement measurement. The hardware of this system is mainly composed of a high-resolution industrial CCD (charge-coupled-device) digital camera and an extended-range zoom lens. Through continuously tracing and identifying a target on the structure, the structural displacement is derived through cross-correlation analysis between the predefined pattern and the captured digital images with the aid of a pattern matching algorithm. To validate the developed system, MTS tests of sinusoidal motions under different vibration frequencies and amplitudes and shaking table tests with different excitations (the El-Centro earthquake wave and a sinusoidal motion) are carried out. Additionally, in-situ verification experiments are performed to measure the mid-span vertical displacement of the suspension Tsing Ma Bridge in the operational condition and the cable-stayed Stonecutters Bridge during loading tests. The obtained results show that the developed system exhibits an excellent capability in real-time measurement of structural displacement and can serve as a good complement to the traditional sensors.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.131-135
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• 2015

Since April 2012, more than 1,600 laboratory-confirmed human infections with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) have been reported, occurring primarily in countries in the Arabian Peninsula; the majority in Saudi Arabia. The MERS outbreak in Korea, which began in May 2015 through the importation of a single case who had recently traveled to Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, and Qatar. As of November 28th, 186 secondary and tertiary cases had been reported; 38 deaths, mainly associated with underlying chronic illnesses, were reported. One case was exported to China and has been recorded as the first MERS case in China. Thirty-seven confirmed cases were associated with the index case, who was hospitalized from May 15 to May 17. Emergency room at one of the nation's largest hospitals had been affected by hospital-to-hospital and intra-hospital transmissions of MERS-CoV, resulting in an outbreak of 90 infected patients. The vast majority of 186 confirmed cases are linked to a single transmission chain associated with health facilities. The median age of patients is 55 years, with a range of 16 to 87 years. The majority (61%) of patients are men. Twenty-five (14%) of the cases involve healthcare workers. The overall median incubation period was six days, but it was four days for secondary cases and six days for tertiary cases. There has been no evidence of airborne transmission and sustained human-to-human transmission in communities. Intensified public health measures, including contact tracing, quarantine and isolation of all contacts and suspected cases, and infection prevention and control have brought the MERS-CoV under control in Korea. Since 4 July no new cases have been reported.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2021

본 연구는 가청 주파수 범위 중 사람들에게 들리지 않는 주파수를 이용하여 사용자가 방문한 곳을 손쉽게 인증하는 시스템을 제안한다. 비가청 주파수는 일반 스피커에서 생성할 수 있는 18kHz ~ 20kHz 범위에서 신호 주파수를 발생하며, 스마트 기기는 그 주파수를 인식하여 신호 값과 사용자의 ID, 위치 정보를 서버로 전송하여 현재 사용자가 방문한 곳을 인증한다. 그리고 서버에서는 사용자의 방문 이력을 개인별로 분류하여 저장한다. 제안 방법의 효용성을 확인하기 위해 스마트 기기 기반 사용자 인증 애플리케이션을 개발하고 서버 시스템을 구축하여 사용자 인증 실험을 하였으며, 그 결과 99.6%의 정확성을 나타냈다. 그리고 QR 코드를 이용한 방문 인증 비교실험 결과 제안 방법이 보다 우수함을 확인하였다. 즉, 제안 방법은 코로나 시대에 개별 사용자의 역학 조사 활용, 식당 및 시설에 전자 출입 명부 등에 활용할 수 있다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.141-147
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• 2022

Background: On the basis of its role for the development of occupational health research, information, good practices, the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH) launched the present survey to collect information on public health and prevention policies put in place by the governments of the countries in the world to contain the pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online questionnaire focused on COVID-19 data, public health policies, prevention measures, support measures for economy, work, and education, personal protective equipment, intensive care units, contact tracing, return to work, and the role of ICOH against COVID-19. The questionnaire was administered to 113 ICOH National Secretaries and senior OSH experts. Collected data refer to the period ranging from the beginning of the pandemic in each country to June 30, 2020. Results: A total of 73 questionnaires from 73 countries around the world were considered valid, with a 64.6% response rate. Most of the respondents (71.2%) reported that the state of emergency was declared in their country, and 86.1% reported lockdown measures. Most of the respondents (66.7%) affirmed that the use of face masks was compulsory in their country. As for containment measures, 97.2% indicated that mass gatherings (meetings) were limited. Regarding workplace closing, the most affected sector was entertainment (90.1%). Conclusion: The results of this survey are useful to gain a global view on COVID-19 policy responses at country level.

• 영어영문학
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• 제55권5호
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• pp.843-863
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• 2009

This paper aims at tracing the appearance of Italy in W. H. Auden's poems. Auden summered on Ischia, an island in the Gulf of Naples, between 1948 and 1957. In the process of ten years of contact with Italy, Auden' poetry developed out of Italy, and contributed to the world's picture of Italy by English poets. In the early part of his stay, Auden was fascinated with Italy and found a source of vitality for composing his poems. But Auden's initial view of Italian culture evolved from extolling its virtues to a more critical one weighing its losses and benefits. The happiest mood is reflected in "In Praise of Limestone", in which the ground itself becomes a symbol of Eden. "Ischia" introduces the real landscape of the island. Auden partly admits the darkness of the island in the aspects of its past history and legends, but the poem is still mainly about praising the beauty of the island and the comfort that it gives to the poet. In "Goodbye to the Mezzogiorno" the negative side of the island's life comes to light. There was something in the setting, warm and beautiful as it was, that no longer suited Auden's temperament and Auden bids farewell to his Mediterranean period. His view of Italy is a restricted and detached one seen through the eyes of a successful Anglo-American poet. Auden's cosmopolitan character often is defined such terms as "the Wandering Jew," "alien" or "stateless Auden". But our reading of his poems dealing with Italy reveals his true characteristics which can not transcend his evolving views.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.21-41
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• 1990

All the cultures are enriched and developed themselves through the contact with another culture, which propagate and transplant its new cultural elements to a time-honoured tradition. Therefore, the investigation of the origin of each culture means to find out the all the elements of each culture itself in the end. In Korean Costume, we can find both the Costume of frizid jone and that of temperate jone togther, effected by the influence of typical continental climate. Accordingly, we can also realize that both Lee, of southern tribe and Haw, of northern tribe suitable for the protection of cold weather, existed in Korea. Even Lee and Hwa were used together, Hwa had been appeared earlier than Lee along with the Skitai Costume and we can find its origin in the line of Skitai costume. In Central Asia, Tadjhik was the only race tracing their ancestry from ancient Iranic genuinely and they had been keeping the culture of Skitai origin continuously. The purpose of this thesis is to examine Korean's own culture of the footwear through the investigation of Tadjhik's culture of costume, specially through the culture of Tadjhik footware. To reach the conclusion of this thesis, the comparision and investigation between Korea and Tadjhik was made carefully for the followings, culture of life and costume, forms and materials of footwear. 1. The treasers and boots made by leather and felt was the origin of costume culture of Central Asia and aboves were appeared in persian costumn for the first time. We can consider that those had connection with Korean culture of costume. 2. Form of Tadjhik footwear can be devided by hwa and Lee, and there was a big difference in form between that of mountain area and plain area. We can find more rariety in footwear of mountain area. 3. If we compare the form of Hwa and Lee of Tadjhik with our own footwear, we can find out many things in common and there are lots of similarities particularly in form and material. 4. We can say that the difference of Tadjhik and Korean was the preference of Hwa for Tadjhik and Lee for Korean, aboves came from the different totography, climate condition and life style. 5. The form of male and female footwear of tadjhik was almost similar, but female footwear had various and beautiful decorations for the ornament. 6. The materials of Tadjhik footwear was mostly leather, and Hwa was used particularly for labour purposes. 7. We can expect that Tadjhik of Central Asia and Korea had a similar orgin and style on the footwear. It can be expected that we can find out many common things in further investigation of the study of Tadjhik costume and will exert the examination continuously.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.237-248
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• 1993

Although pantograph has been used to investigate whether the determinents of the mandibular movement were possible contributing factors of TMJ click, there was the problems to understand the role of tooth morphology upon the occurrence of click because of using appliance without tooth contacts. There Were advantages to evaluate the effects of tooth morphology upon the mandibular movements, because intraoral tracing device(Functiograph$^{(R)}$) had been obtained maintaining occlusal contact between the upper and lower natural teeth during mandibular movement. The purpose of this study was to record the mandibular eccentric movement quantitatively performed in 20 adult control subjects and 20 adult subjects with TMJ click and to investigate the effects of occlusion upon the occurrence of TMJ click. The obtained results were as follows : 1. The average ICP-P distance was $3.07{\pm}0.73mm$ in subjects with TMJ click, $2.14{\pm}0.85mm$ in control subjects. There was a statistical significance between subjects with TMJ click and control subjects(P<0.001). 2. The average ICP-P distance was $3.07{\pm}1.14mm$ in subjects with TMJ click, $2.61{\pm}0.96mm$ in control subjects. There was a statistical significance between subjects with TMJ click and control subjects(P<0.05). 3. The average distance of right and left lateral movement was not statistically significant between subjects with TMJ click and control subjects. 4. The average lateral displacement from midline during RCP was $0.75{\pm}0.54mm$ subjects with TMJ click, $0.16{\pm}0.17mm$ in control subjects. There was a statistical significance between subjects with TMJ click and control subjects(P<0.001). 5. The average lateral displacement from midline during protrusive movement was $0.88{\pm}0.54mm$ in subjects with TMJ click, $0.20{\pm}0.23mm$ in control subjects. There was a statistical significance between subjects with TMJ click and control subjects(P<0.001). 6. The average angle of right and left lateral movement was $144.2{\pm}20.20^{\circ}$ in subjects with TMJ click, $138.15{\pm}20.09^{\circ}$ in control subjects. There was a statistical significance between subjects with TMJ click and control subjects(P<0.05).

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.506-521
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• 2007

Statement of problem: The cumulative success rate of wide implant is still controversial. Some previous reports have shown high success rate, and some other reports shown high failure rate. Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze, and compare the biomechanics in wide implant system embeded in different width of crestal bone under different occlusal forces by finite element approach. Material and methods: Three-dimensional finite element models were created based on tracing of CT image of second premolar section of mandible with one implant embedded. One standard model (6mm-crestal bone width, 4.0mm implant diameter central position) was created. Varied crestal dimension(4, 6, 8 mm), different diameter of implants(3.3, 4.0, 5.5, 6.0mm), and buccal position implant models were generated. A 100-N vertical(L1) and 30 degree oblique load from lingual(L2) and buccal(L3) direction were applied to the occlusal surface of the crown. The analysis was performed for each load by means of the ANSYS V.9.0 program. Conclusion: 1. In all cases, maximum equivalent stress that applied $30^{\circ}$ oblique load around the alveolar bone crest was larger than that of the vertical load. Especially the equivalent stress that loaded obliquely in buccal side was larger. 2. In study of implant fixture diameter, stress around alveolar bone was decreased with the increase of implant diameter. In the vertical load, as the diameter of implant increased the equivalent stress decreased, but equivalent stress increased in case of the wide implant that have a little cortical bone in the buccal side. In the lateral oblique loading condition, the diameter of implant increased the equivalent stress decreased, but in the buccal oblique load, there was not significant difference between the 5.5mm and 6.0mm as the wide diameter implant. 3. In study of alveolar bone width, equivalent stress was decreased with the increase of alveolar bone width. In the vertical and oblique loading condition, the width of alveolar bone increased 6.0mm the equivalent stress decreased. But in the oblique loading condition, there was not a difference equivalent stress at more than 6.0mm of alveolar bone width. 4. In study of insertion position of implant fixture, even though the insertion position of implant fixture move there was not a difference equivalent stress, but in the case of little cortical bone in the buccal side, value of the equivalent stress was most unfavorable. 5. In all cases, it showed high stress around the top of fixture that contact cortical bone, but there was not a portion on the bottom of fixture that concentrate highly stress and play the role of stress dispersion. These results demonstrated that obtaining the more contact from the bucco-lingual cortical bone by installing wide diameter implant plays an important role in biomechanics.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.174-179
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• 2008

목 적 : 청소년 결핵은 다른 연령층과 구분되는 특징을 보이나 이에 대한 연구는 부족한 상태이다. 저자들은 단일기관에서 경험한 청소년 결핵의 임상적 특징을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2003년 1월부터 2007년 12월까지 울산지역 이차병원인 동강병원에서 결핵으로 진단되어 입원된 12-18세 청소년을 대상으로 의무기록지와 흉부방사선 및 HRCT 소견을 통한 후향적 조사를 시행하였다. 결 과 : 총 29명 환자가 결핵으로 입원하였으며 평균 연령은 16.9세(범위 12.1-18.9세)였고 남녀비는 1.9:1이었다. 도시거주자가 농촌거주자보다 2.2배 많았다. TST는 6례(20.7%)에서 시행하였는데 12-15세 사이 8례(A군) 5례(62.5%), 16-18세 사이 21례(B군) 중 1례(4.8%)에서 시행하여 연령이 증가할수록 TST 시행빈도가 감소하였다(P<0.01). 결핵으로 진단하게 된 동기는 결핵과 관련된 임상증상으로 25례(86.2%), 선별검사에 의해 4례(13.8%)가 확인되었고 접촉자 추적조사로 확인된 경우는 1례도 없었다. 침범부위는 폐결핵이 20례(69.9%)로서 가장 많았고 폐결핵과 폐외결핵이 동반된 경우가 7례(24.1%), 폐외결핵만 있었던 경우가 2례(6.9%)였다. 대부분 환자들은 여러 증상을 호소하였는데 기침 23례 (79.3%), 발열 22례(75.9%), 객담 19례(65.5%), 흉통 10례(34.5%) 등이 흔한 증상이었다. 결핵균은 20례(69.0%)에서 검출되었는데 모두 객담에서 검출되었다. HRCT 소견에서 공동형성이 13례(44.8%) 관찰되었다. 결핵균 검출률과 HRCT에서 공동형성 빈도는 A군보다 B군에서 높은 추세를 보였다(P>0.1). 치료도중에 추적관찰이 중단된 경우가 4례(13.8%)였고 재발된 경우가 1례(3.4%)였다. 결 론 : 청소년 결핵은 다른 연령층에 비해 신환 발생률이 높고 공동형성과 결핵균의 검출률이 높아 결핵균의 전파 가능성이 높기 때문에 결핵관리 및 공중보건 차원에서 보다 적극적인 관심과 연구가 필요하다.