• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.73-81
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of consumption values on well-being attitude and the effect of well-being attitude on well-being oriented behavior. This study administered a questionnaire survey to adults between 10s and 60s who lived in Seoul, Daegu, and Kyungbuk region. Data collected from 285 respondents were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA tests, factor analyses, and structural equation modeling (SEM). The model of the study was tested by structural equation modeling and the results of SEM revealed positive effects of social value and functional value on well-being attitude and positive effect of well-being attitude on well-being oriented behavior. The results of t-tests and ANOVA tests showed that there were significant differences in consumption values, well-being attitude, and well-being oriented behavior among marital status, age, educational level, and income level groups.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.181-197
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• 1970

Farm households consumption pattern from 1960 to 1968 was analized as follows. First, the influence of the price on the consumption pattern was observed by year for 9 years. Second, the influence of farm households and by size of the consmption pattern was analized by year for whole household and by size of the arable land. Third, the present status and problems of farm families consumption pattern was attempted to be found out compared with the pattern of all families of Seoul. Forth, the pattern of food expenditure which has the largest proportion in the living expenditure was analized. Following results and conclusions are obtained from the above analysis.1. The average nominal increase rate of all farm households has been increased gradually for 9 years, mostly due to the rise in household goods prices paid by farmers. 2. The living expenditure varies with the price and the disposal income, The influence of the latter is greater than that of the former. 3. The Engel's Coefficient of farmers. the average of which was 54.9%, recently tends to decrease gradually. The larger is the size of arable land, the lower is the Coefficient of farm households. But the Coefficient of farm households is higher than that of city families. 4. In general the proportion of food expenditure has a great influence on the consumption pattern, The average percentage of miscellaneous expenditure is 23.9% and it is next to food expenditure. The relationship between them is going reversely. Housing expenditure has usually the constant proportion. But the difference of the proportion between farm households (4.0%) and city families (17.1%) is considerable. Clothing expenditure and fuel and light expenditure have small variations. The former tends to increase with the income, and the latter tends to decrease with it or is constant. 5. Considering the food expenditure pattern, the average percentage (78.4%)of staple food of farm household is remarkably high compared with Seoul (48.3%) and other cities (54.0%). The decrease of the percentage of staple food expenditure in farm households is not so much as cities. 6. The propertion of the staple food expenditure of Farm families don't have so much differences by the size of arable land. But the rice proportion of staple foods has the tendency to increase with the income level. Subsidery food expenditure doesn't increase by year and by size of the land, while the consumption of meat and manufactured foods tends to increase with size of the land. But even big farm households don't reach to the level of cities in consumption of them. 7. Food consumption pattern may be influenced by the factors such as the knowledge of wife about nutrition, customs, consumption habits, and so on. The difference between farm households and city families in food consumption pattern is inferred from the above factors. Presently, the increasing income of the people promote the consumption of all items of living expenditure both in cities and farm households. But the Engel's Coeffcient and the proportion of the staple food expenditure is expected to decrease in farm households more than in cities.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.185-195
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• 2020

The study investigates the impact of globalization on coal consumption in Vietnam. This study employs an autoregressed distributed lag approach on time series data for the period of 1990 to 2017. The study tests the stationary, cointegration of time series data and utilizes autoregressed distributed lag modeling technique to determine the short-run and long-run relationship among coal consumption, globalization, income, population, and CO₂ emissions. The results show that globalization increases coal consumption in Vietnam in the long run. The results also show that rapid economic growth promotes more coal consumption in the short run as well as in the long run. Moreover, higher population reduces coal consumption, and CO₂ emissions decrease coal consumption both in the short run and the long run. The findings of the study suggest that globalization increases coal consumption in Vietnam in the long run. This result suggests that the increase in globalization level in Vietnam increases coal consumption. An interesting finding is that higher population reduces coal consumption, and population is an important factor towards the lessening in coal consumption. The findings confirm that environmental pollution decreases coal consumption in the short run and the long run. This implies that coal consumption may be green consumption in Vietnam.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.385-394
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• 2013

This study has conducted a comparative analysis on the fishing efficiency of LED fishing lamps by squid jigging vessels, the Yeongrak-ho (16 tons) and Somang-ho (9.77 tons), which operated during September and October 2010 and during October 2011, comparing with MH (Metal Halide) fishing lamp-equipped fishing vessels. This study has also examined vessel's fuel consumption level. The light powers of LED fishing lamps of the Yeongrak-ho and Somang-ho were 25.8kW and 32kW, respectively. Those of the MH fishing vessels, that is, the MH fishing lamp-equipped fishing vessels, were 105kW and 81kW, respectively. The average squid catch in number of an LED vessel, Yeongrak-ho, was 39.2% of the MH fishing lamp-equipped fishing vessels; however, that of the Somang-ho improved to 78.7% of the MH fishing lamp-equipped vessels. Average catch in number by Yeongrak-ho crew was 2.6 times more than catch in number by automatic jigging machines. Average catch in number by MH fishing vessel crew was 1.8 times more than that by automatic jigging machines. An LED vessel, Yeongrak-ho's fishing rate was 17.5%~152.2% of the MH fishing vessels, that is, 61.1% on average, in comparison of combined catch in number per automatic jigging machine and per crewmember. Somang-ho's fishing rate was 6.7%~127.6% of the MH fishing vessels, that is, 73.1% on average. The average fuel consumption level of the Somang-ho, throughout its departure from to arrival at the port, was 475.7l, and that during fishing hours was 109.6l, or 23.0% of the total fuel consumption level. Somang-ho's fuel consumption level per fishing hour was 9.7l on average.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.65-73
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• 1980

The purpose of this study is ti find out a desirable way to stability and improvement of household economy by studying the changes of consumption level and consumption pattern of urban salary and wage earners' households during the years from 1970 to 1978. For this study, "Annual Report on the Family Income and Expenditure survey" (Published by the Bureau of Statistics, Economics Planning Board) has been used as basic material, and the methods of analysis used here are the time series analysis. We have gained the results as follows: 1) From 1970 to 198, the total income level increased at the rate of 416.2% in nominal price, but only 74.4% in reql price, while the total expenditure level showed 338.5% increase in nominal price, but its real increased proved only 418.2% in consideration of inflation. APC decreased from 95.1%(in 1970) to 80.7%(in 1978). 2) As for the expenditure pattern for the above mentioned nine years, the rate of food expenditure increased until 1975 under the price influence, but it trended to decease there after on . The rate of housing expenditure showed a gradual increase while that of fuel and light expenditure was on the decrease. The rate of clothing expenditure had been on the decease until 1974 but it began to increase gradually thereafter on. The trend of miscellaneous expenditures was irregularly up and down, educational expences being the first rank among them, Non-living expenditure had been constant until 1974 but it decreased a little after that. From the results it was found that the consumption level of the salary and wage earners' household in all cities from 1970 to 1978 was not practically improved because of rise in prices, nor was the Engel's coefficient and the rate of miscellaneous expenditure changed distinctively. However, as the successive decrease of APC suggests the possibility of economic development, we must try to put stress on economy in consumption and on encouraging. This will help run our household economy in safety and stability.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.571-579
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• 2022

This research empirically analyzed the factors associated with the energy consumption of tourism hotels in Busan, Ulsan, and the Kyoungnam region of Korea based on their individual and locational characteristics. The study adopted a comprehensive modeling approach involving multi-level regression analyses that allowed for improved accuracy by considering the hierarchical structures of the hotels and their locational characteristics. The results indicated that the majority of energy consumption can be explained by the hotels'individual characteristics, including the size of building structure and the services, while their effects vary by region with statistical significance. Furthermore, the proximity to central commercial districts and hotel clusters had a significant influence on the variability in their energy consumption, indicating that locational factors are also important determinants. The findings here suggest the need for regional energy policies and solutions at various urban scales along with conventional energy policies at the building level and highlight regional responsibilities when attempting to create sustainable tourism industries.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.588-604
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• 2023

This study was conducted to investigate whether there were differences in eco-friendly food, home meal replacement (HMR) purchases, and eating-out behavior according to the level of agri-food consumer competence. The data for the study were extracted from main food consumers (n=3,321) in the 2022 Food Consumption Behavior Survey. The competence index was divided into awareness-attitude-practice items, and three groups were classified by competence level. The results showed an agri-food consumer competency score of 70.62, with the highest score for awareness (73.96), followed by practice (69.28) and attitude (66.18). The frequency of purchasing eco-friendly food was higher in the excellent group compared to other groups, and quality and price satisfaction was higher with higher competency (p<0.001). Regarding HMR, the results showed that the shortage group had the lowest HMR consumption rate, and satisfaction decreased as competence decreased (p<0.001). The main reason for eating-out was to enjoy food in all groups (59.0%), followed by a lack of cooking time in the excellent group (15.7%) and hassle with food preparation in the moderate and shortage groups (17.3%, 16.6%) (p<0.001). In short, agri-food consumption competency showed differences by contents and components, and differences in food purchases and eating-out behavior by competency level were found.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.229-236
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to find out the level of knowledge on sugar-related nutrition among mothers with preschool children. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The study conducted a survey on 350 mothers whose children attended daycare. The dietary lives of the children and the nutritional knowledge of the mothers on sugar were checked. In order to analyze results, SPSS 18.0 was used. ANOVA and t-test were also performed to analyze recognition and educational needs. RESULTS: When the degree of nutritional knowledge was measured and analyzed, the results showed about 11 average points out of 15. The higher a group's nutritional knowledge, the better the dietary habits and activities were and the activities were more ccommon. The group with a low level of nutritional knowledge consumed more foods with high sugar content, but this difference was not statistically significant. Also the children from the group of mothers that provided nutritional education to their children were more likely to engage in better dietary habits and activities. CONCLUSIONS: 66.5% respondents did not know about policies to reduce sugar consumption, but most indicated that education on reducing sugar consumption is needed. Therefore, a government-driven search for efficient methods to campaign and publicize sugar reduction is needed in order to continuously provide appropriate education.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2012.10a
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• pp.927-930
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• 2012

The sensor network technology for core technology of ubiquitous computing is in the spotlight recently, the research on ubiquitous sensor network is proceeding actively which is composed many different sensor node. One of the important condition for design of sensor node is to extend for network life which is to minimize power-consumption under the limited resources of sensor network. This study suggest routing protocol that was used second level cluster structure to reduce power-consumption of sensor node. the first level use the previous routing protocol under the LEACH, second level decide to transmit or not by comparision of data value for Effective Usage, reduce the unnecessary power-consumption.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.350-357
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• 1999

To investigate the consumption pattern of traditional fermented soybean products a survey was con-ducted to the subjects composed of 308 housewives in busan yangsan and ulsan. Doenjang was rated among one of the often-used traditional foods in Korean meal preparation. 67.2% fo the respondents used Doenjang once or twice a week and 22.7% every day and by the educational level the lower in education level used more. Doenjang has been prepared by housewives themselves(46.9%) or by their relatives(30.7%) for the most important reason of good taste and by purchasing of commercial products(22.4%) for convenience. By regional groups the frequency to use commercial products of Doenjang was higher in Ulsan and the younger or the higher in education level showed the higher frequency. The consump-tion pattern of Gochujang was very similar to that of Doenjang. Chunggukjang which has peculiar flav-our showed very low consumption with being rarely used or having not eaten by 60.3% of subjects. Gan-jang was consumed mainly once or twice a week and jin-ganjang was preferred than Guk-ganjang. In the preparing methods Guk-ganjang have been made by housewives themselves(31.0%) by their relativ-es(29.5%) or by purchasing of commercial products(31.0%) and Jin-ganjang mainly by purchasing of commercial products(65.0%) which showed higher consumption frequency of commercial products com-pared with Doenjang and Gochujang.