• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.544-554
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• 1993

The study was designed to identify the attitude of nursing students to clinical education through Q-methodology. A C sample was developed through a review of the literature and interviews. Twenty - seven statements made up the finalized Q- sample. This was out of an initial 143 statements developed through consultation with eight professors. The P sample consisted of 25 nursing students in S Health Junior College.0 statements were written on seperate cards and were given to the 25 subjects to sort according to degree of agreement or disagreement. The Q-sorts by each subject were coded and analyzed with QUANL PC Program. The analysis discovered three major attitudes, namely “amicable adaptation” 〈type 1), “Nightingale social service” (type 2), and “realistic occupation pursuit” (type 3). The correlation was .465 between type 1 and type 2, .293 between type 1 and type 3, and .273 between type 2 and type 3. The characteristics of each type were as follows ; Type 1 (amicable adaptation) They satisfied in interpersonal relationships in the clinical setting. They would not dream of becoming Nightingale, but thought of nursing care affirmatively and performed their works faithfully and adapted themselves to the new circumstances easily, Fourteen subjects were classified as type 1. Type 2 (Nightingale: social service) They often dreamed as a child that they would be Nightingale with a white uniform and think that nursing is a gift from heaven. They have an aptitude for nursing care by nature and selected nursing science them-selves. They give care to the sick with pleasure. Seven subjects were classified as type 2. Type 3 (realistic occupation pursuit) They were not satisfied with their nursing practice. First of all they want a stable job, therefore they selected nursing science. They had conflicts in clinical practice, but were responsible for nursing and studied hard. Four subjects were classified as type 3. Through the results of this study, the attitude of nursing students to clinical education could be classified into three types. Therefore it is suggested that clinical education would be more valuable, if it was planned according to an understanding of the attitudes of nursing students to clinical education.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.81-91
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate foot ulcer risk factors, foot care knowledge, and foot care practice in patients with type 2 diabetes. Method: One hundred fifty type 2 diabetic patients were in and out-patients in a large urban hospital. The data were collected using a self-report questionnaire, chart review and foot examination. The questionnaires were developed by the researchers through the experts consultation and literature review. High risk for foot ulcer was evaluated by peripheral neuropathy(PN), peripheral vascular disease(PVD), and prior foot ulcer. Foot risk scores(FRS) means numbers of present risk factors. Results: 31.3% of subjects show 1 FRS, and 13.3% showed 2 FRS. Mean foot care frequency was 3.5 times per week. There were significant differences in foot care knowledge according to DM education (t=2.96, p=.004) and foot care education (t=3.65, p=.001). There were significant differences in the foot care practice activities according to duration of DM (t=3.48, p=.010) and educational levels. Conclusion: There were high proportion of foot ulcer risk among the patients. It is necessary to screen high risk foot ulcer patients and provide practical education for foot care practice of diabetic patients.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 2004

Objectives: Delirium after head trauma results in various cognitive and behavioral dysfunction. This study aimed at developing and validating a predicitive model for clinical improvement after delirium based on precipitating factors during hospitalization Method: Data were collected on 45 patients who developed delirium after head trauma using 5 year retrospective design, based on reviews of medical charts including psychiatric consultation reports. The differences of the group who sustained residual symptoms of delirium(The RS group) and the group of full recovery(The FR group) at 4 week follow-up visits were compared by motoric type of delirium, socio-demographic variables, neuroimaging variables and clinical variables of interest. Result: There was significant difference in reason for initial consultation between two groups, in terms of hyperactivity(p<.01). The presence of compensation claim, subcortical gray matter lesion was significantly associated with the RS group(p<.05). Total length of intensive care unit(ICU) admission and of hospital stay were significantly longer in RS group than FR group(p<.01). Conclusion: This study shows that hyperactivity on initial consultation, compensation claims, specific brain lesion were altogether significant factors in explaining prolonged duration of delirium after head trauma. A simple predictive model based on the presence of precipitating factors might be used to identify delirious patients at high risk for prolonged cognitive dysfunction. Early psychiatric intervention would be required for evaluating efficacious management and shortening admission period.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.389-406
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• 1992

This study was designed to identify nursing students' attitudes toward life through a Q-methodology. A Q-sample was formed through a review of the literature and interviews(n＝160)l The final Q-sample consisted of 37 statements out of an initial 100 statements after consultation with an expert panel and pilot testing. The P-sample consisted of 14 university nursing students and 27 junior college nursing students, which was selected by convenience sampling method. Data were analyzed by the Q-analysis method. The correlation between type 2 and type 3 was relatively high (r＝0.539) ; that between type 1 and type 3 was lowest (r＝0.014). The first type of attitude was the “rational utilitarian” type. Students in this type valued life relative to the quality of life. They agreed with euthanasia and artificial abortion if the quality of life was threatened. The criteria for their judgement were scientific knowledge and rationality. The second type of attitude was the “Christian deontologic” type. These students appreciated the sanctity of life according to Christian dogma. They disagreed with euthanasia and artficial abortion. And they disagreed strongly that life should be created by scientific development, because only God creates life. The third type of attitude was the “unconditional deontologic” type. These students agreed with the sanctity of life, not from Christian belief but from belief in the sanctity of life. The final type of attitude was the “prima facie(conditional) deonologic” type. These students appreciated the value of life and humanity. They expressed concern for others' life and suffering. They do not want to afflict others with their own miseries. This group showed a dual value system toward themselves and others. So they experience conflict between their concern for their on and others' conditions. These nursing students' values may have been influenced by their clinical experience in hospitals and other nursing fields. Through this study, we may realize the importance of education in nursing ethics for discussion of ethical conflicts and to support ethical nursing practice.

• 한국노년학
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.1163-1177
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• 2010

This study was conducted to establish the appropriate facilities criteria of the Korean welfare devices center. We e-mail surveyed 194 welfare devices centers and analysed 13 blueprints of them. We established the following proper principles of facilities. First, consist type and area of room should depend on the type of welfare devices centers. Second, The flow of human and welfare devices should be simple. Third, the area calculated on the base of intent of center owner and the size of beds, wheelchairs, etc. Fourth, exhibit room facing with roadside may obtain advertising effect. Fifth, the storage and disinfecting room should use different entrance, and avoid the intersection of flow to prevent cross-contamination. Sixth, the access road to the exhibition and consulting room should be able to approach by the wheelchair. seventh, office room should be invisible to keep customer's privacy. Direct Cleaning-disinfecting type center on the premise that the maximum 165m², middle 150m², intermediate 140m², display at least Consultation, Cleaning-disinfecting room, storage (clean, contaminated), the office, equipped with a parking space. Entrust Cleaning-disinfecting type center on the premise that a maximum 134m², middle 119m², intermediate 109m² exhibited minimal activity room, consultation room, office, equipped with a parking space, collecting welfare when importing equipment warehouse (clean, pollution) have been proposed to equip up to.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.3 no.9
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• pp.1245-1250
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• 2002

This paper is an intelligence type of remote medical examination system for both on-line and off-line mode to transcend time and space on web where anyone can participate ;on-line consultation among patient, doctor, Korean medical doctor, medical examination in off-line mode, transmission of prescription to the pharmacist designated by patient and preparation of medicine, and semi-eternal storage of medical examination data by storage and check of medical examination data ; and database is composed by using intelligence type of object control which enables effect of treatment for heredity including check and mutual holding of medical examination data among family, fast treatment effect pursuant to situation of past medical examination through control of private disease history, cooperated medical examination among doctors, and so on.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.135-145
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• 2020

Recently, the disaster rate of the construction industry has increased with high-rise, and complexity of the building, unlike the decrease in the disaster rate in other industries. Although risk assessment is performed to reduce the occurrence of disasters, it is difficult to estimate the risks accurately due to activity in which no disaster has occurred, and inconsistencies in the level of details of work. In this study, in order to evaluate the risk of the major activity for the apartment construction work, the activity was identified by referring to the risk assessment model of construction industry type by the KOSHA. The construction work types and activities were consistently organized in level of work into nine work types and 82 activities were through experts consultation. Analyzing the disaster types that occurred during work through KOSHA disaster cases, calculating the probability of disaster occurrence according to the type of disaster, and combining the probability of disaster with the severity of disaster to estimate the risk assessment method was presented. Using the daily report of the construction site of the apartment, the results of a case study confirmed the validity of the risk calculation method presented in this study.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1226-1233
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• 2009

Common cold occurs frequently and occupies an important position in medical treatment however obvious treatment is not suggested. There has been no agreement of pattern identification for common cold in oriental medicine. The purpose of this study is to develop a standard instrument of pattern identification for common cold which will be applied to clinical research. The items and structure of the instrument were based on review of published literature. The advisor committee on this study was organized by 9 oriental respiratory internal medicine professors of 11 oriental medical colleges nationwide. The experts attended 3 consultation meetings and discussed developing the instrument, and we also took professional advices by e-mail. The results were as follows; First, we divided the pattern identification of common cold into nine pattern: Wind-cold type, Wind-heat type, Contain summerheat type, Contain dampness type, Qi deficiency type, Blood deficiency type, Yang deficiency type, Yin deficiency type, Influenza. Second, we got the mean weights to each symptom of nine pattern identification which had been scored on a 5-point scale - ranging from 0 to 4 by the 9 experts. Third, we made out the Korean instrument of the pattern identification for common cold. It was composed self reporting questionnaire and researcher reporting questionnaire. Though this study is not proved about validity, reliability, the instrument of pattern identification for common cold is meaningful and expected to be applied to the subsequent research. And also, we hope to improve the instrument and make up for this study through various research and discussion.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2008

The purpose of this research is to lay the foundation that middle aged woman takes care of more healthy, beautiful, attractive external features and prepares successful ageing on studying a difference of recognition between an actual somatotype and an ideal somatotype after we examine an actual somatotype and an ideal somatotype in the object of about $40{\sim}50$ middle-aged woman, dwells in Seoul, is the main group of a home consumption socially. The result of comparing a difference between an actual somatotype and an ideal somatotype was showing that in case of a facial form, the group which their faces are an egg-shaped prefers an egg-shaped and the group which their faces are a round-shaped prefers a round-shaped. In case of a silhouette, all groups prefers a normal type most. In case of a shoulder's type, all groups prefer a normal type most. In case of a shoulder-waist line, all groups prefers a Y line most. In case of a breast's form, all groups prefer a normal type most. In case of a back's form, all groups prefer a normal type most. In case of a buttocks' form, all groups prefers a normal type most. In case of a leg's form, all groups prefers a normal type most. On putting together research result as yet, middle aged women wish a similar somatotype irrespective of an age, an obesity measurement and this means a recognition of making an effort to be beautiful is alike. Therefore, it is necessary to recognize a somatotype of middle aged women uprightly and it must be accomplished a continuous, systematic consultation and education about a weight-control on exercising and not to mention of making a desirable eating habit.

• Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.20-26
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• 2010

This type of neuropathic pain(atypical odontalgia) is seen most often in middle-aged women or men after dentoalveolar operation. Atypical odontalgia probably is caused by deafferentation leading to intraneural changes in the medullary dorsal horn. Treatment of this problem is difficult, but some success has been reported in uncontrolled, open-labeled studies using high doses of tricyclic antidepressants. This is the management report of a patient case, that had a neuropathic atypical odontalgia recognized with the right maxillary lateral incisor. The patient was consulted to the Department of Pain Clinics, ENT & Neurology and diagnosed the adenoid cystic carcinoma on left cerebellum and right paranasal sinus with extension to the cavernous sinus. In spite of the osteoplastic craniotomy, neurosurgical mass removal and radiation therapy were done with chemotherapy, atypical odontalgia was continued. In addition to the consultation to Psychology, stress management and antidepressant medication were done and improved slowly.