• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2007

In my study, I analysed and criticised the change of applied works based on a design drawing of a private forest road in Chungchengnam province from 1990 to 2003. The aim of this study is to obtain the fundamental resources for establishment the green forest road which is environment friendly. Working expenses of forest road was gradually increased by a business year. In particular, the working expenses dramatically increased in 1999-2000. In change rate of cost of construction by works, earth work rate of the cost of constructions was declined: from 25.4% in 1990-1999, to 18.5% in 2000-2003. However, the total cost of the construction of slope protection work and structural work increased. Nevertheless the rate of the cost of constructions are not increased where as the earth work rate of the cost of constructions were reduced. The rate of the price construction materials and the cost of construction was the main causes which was led by the extension of the standard requirement of applied work and the increase of the materials of applied work. In other word, materials of structural work and slope protection work increased. If the increase of the cost of construction has seem through the increase of contractual materials and extension of the standard requirement would led to weak competitiveness of forest road. Therefore, diverse method of constructions need to apply and a new method should be developed.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.712-717
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• 2009

Ondol is a tradtional Korea heating system with a long history. The ondol heating system is a default in ordinary houses and high-rise apartment alike. But Intensified Architecture Law insulation standard can't satisfied standard insulation only light weight concrete in ondol. The between light weight concrete and slab apply EPS insulation is construct for generate a method of construction. The standard insulation for floor heating system is responsible but complicate construction thermal transmittance and absorber, deteriorate the cost and decreasing the performance insulation & impact floor sound. In study on the evaluation decrease heating-load of floor construction of the insulation & absorber that improvement floor a Apartment house.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.89-97
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• 2022

Recently, various problems such as reduced productivity, insufficient inflow of skilled manpower, reduced quality, and concerns about increasing safety accidents have appeared in the domestic construction industry. Stakeholder of construction project are considering the Off-Site Construction (OSC) method rather than the conventional on-site construction as an alternative. Despite the importance of decision making in the early stage of the adoption of OSC, there is a lack of methodologies for rational decision making. In this study, a decision making system has been developed to derive the final construction cost score by deriving the project characteristics, selecting the construction difficulty index, and developing a cost model for each construction method alternatives to calculate the standard construction cost. Using this system, the OSC method can be effectively evaluated in terms of its feasibility in the early stage of construction

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.56-62
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• 1995

Recently, the traffic noise around residences and schools has become a serious social problem with the increase of the amount of transportation. This study was performed to investigate the sound proof efficiency of windows for traffic noise. The results were as follows 1) The traffic noise in 19 sites among 22 sampling sites was higher value than 65 dB(A) being roadside environment standard level in the daytime when all windows were opened, while the noise in 22 sampling sites was transmitted below standard level when all windows were closed. 2) The transmission loss of sound level at single window and double windows were 10~25 dB(A) and 11~29 dB(A) respectively. 3) The transmission loss of sound level at sampled school with sound proof pannel was 7~8 dB (A), which was lower 2~7 dB(A) than the theoretical value of the influence assessment . 4) The construction cost of double windows was lower 28% even if include the cost of setting up air conditioner for the summer season and the power consuming cost for its operation than that of sound proof pannel for traffic noise. 5) The effect of transmission loss of windows was more influenced by airtight than materials of windows.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.387-390
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• 2008

The importance of the life cycle cost analysis for construction projects of bridge has been recognized over the last decades. Accordingly, theoretical models, guidelines, and supporting softwares have been developed for the life cycle cost analysis of bridges. However, it is difficult to predict life cycle cost considering uncertainties precisely. This paper presents methodology for optimal design of substructure for a steel box bridge. Total life cycle cost for the service life is calculated as sum of initial cost, damage cost considering uncertainty, maintenance cost, repair and rehabilitation cost. The optimization method is applied to design of a bridge substructure with minimal cost, in which the objective function is set to life cycle cost and constraints are formulated on the basis of Korean Bridge Design Specification. Initial cost is calculated based on standard costs of the Korea Construction Price Index and damage cost on the damage probabilities to consider the uncertainty of load and resistance. An advanced first-order second moment method is used as a practical tool for reliability analysis using damage probability. Maintenance cost and cycle is determined by a stochastic method and user cost includes traffic operation costs and time delay costs.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.21 no.5 s.77
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• pp.53-59
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• 2006

Standard safety management costs can not be applied to each site with same rate, it is very difficult, because it depends on the experience, work method, work kind, work progress schedule, and hazard level of each construction company. Therefore, this study is to find out hazard level of each work kinds through questionnaire and interview and investigate analyze the status which standard safety management costs have been used. Also, this study is to show reasonable rates of standard safety management costs in construction industry and to set up countermeasures against those problem after reviewing its status in korea with in Japan and Europe. The domestic system of standard safety management costs is not considered in the foreign country, while only related subjective items have been investigated and evaluated for this study. This study is to investigate eleven project kinds of domestic system, first, and to investigate eleven items of apartment bldg, office, civil work such as bridge, tunnel, dam, plant etc, secondly. Additionally, three items of gymnasium, railway, particular steel tower are investigated in this study. Also this study is to investigate and analyze performed costs of presently processing worker finished work so that it shows a new reasonable rate against standard safety management costs in construction industry, in order to make basial data and material to be systemized.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.331-342
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• 2020

Purpose: This study concerns the cost of safety management in order to prevent accidents and disabilities in the construction industry. The purpose of the Chapter is to draw up problems and improvement measures for these safety management costs. Method: A detailed questionnaire was developed for 20 construction safety managers for the research. This questionnaire was analyzed and implemented by the Expert Group Interview (FGI) analysis method. Results: In order to understand the safety management cost system, alternatives such as preparing a standard manual, implementing regular on-site training, and establishing a monitoring system for the safety management cost were derived. In addition, there is a need to ensure autonomy in the execution of flexible costs so that they can be deployed immediately in case of emergency to improve the 'efficiency and necessity of the safety negligence system'. And it was analyzed as items that should be improved due to excessive demand for documentation. Conclusion: Through this study, problems should be recognized for the improvement of the construction safety management cost system. And it will have to come up with policy-based and institutional-improvement measures for experts.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.9-12
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• 2003

High flowing concrete has not spread whole in the normal concrete structure, because it requires special quality control technique. And recently owing to the lack of natural resources and reinforcement of environmental standard, the construction cost of cement is increased rapidly. Also remicon industry has gone through various economical difficulty as the manufacture cost of concrete is increased. So, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the qualities of middle fluidity concrete using the fly-ash and portland blast-furnace slag cement in order to decrease the amount of cement and resolve the problem of the quality control of high flowing concrete and the manufacture cost. The results of this study show that it reduce the amount of addition of superplasticizer and develope properties of concrete to the use the fly-ash and portland blast-furnace slag cement.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.1199-1208
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• 1994

In the country, supervision cost is being estimated by percentages of construction cost or cost plus a fixed fee without a reasonable standard. This type has no function for adjusting supervision cost according to variables, such as construction work complexity, extent of supervisory services, fluctuations in prices. In this study, an objective criterion to estimate supervision cost with improved supervisory services has been developed, in which adjusting functions as stated above should be properly considered. A comparative study of supervisory service systems in foreign countries and a survey through questionnaire were carried out for the study. An objective criterion from the results is proposed in the form of an expression or table.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.21-28
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• 2014

To improve environmental problem as globally climate changes, domestic and foreign government have been trying to reduce green gas emitted by all industries. With making the green building certification system that assess the substantiality and energy performance of building, a governments have been using by a way for reducing green gas emitted in building industry. G-SEED(Green Standard for Energy & Environmental Design) developed in Korea have been reinforcing, and a number of projects certifying the G-SEED have been increasing continuously. As a demand of G-SEED certification is rising, a question on the additional cost data as certifying G-SEED is rising. It is because additional cost as getting the certification is important fact for G-SEED level decision and whether getting the certification or not. Therefore, this study analyzed additional construction cost as certifying G-SEED through performance improvement and design change of general office building not to get G-SEED. In conclusion, an additional construction cost ratio of G-SEED projects to the reference building is drawn as certified level; +0.26%, silver level; +2.29%, gold level; +3.89%, and platinum level; +5.48%.