• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.48-59
• /
• 1989

The motor vehicle emission is expected to be constrained strongly in the future in accordance with the current policy as to prevention of air pollution. This paper establishes a sequential rectifying inspection plan which satisfies the standard motor vehicle emission for the automobile producers who are currently producting the automobiles with catalytic converts. This plan also considered the constraint of the effective motor vehicle emission by way of rectifying the certification test in the past. In order to evaluate the performance of the inspection plan, the recent certification test data have also been applied. The result of the application has proved that the rectified sequential inspection plan presented in this paper satisfies the standard motor vehicle emission and can be the optimal economic inspection plan. As a result the inspection plan given in this paper will be contributed to constrain the motor vehicle emission most effectively.

• Language and Information
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.17-34
• /
• 2001

Kamp & Reyle's (1993) proposal to represent split antecedents to a plural pronoun in terms of sum- mation and abstraction is critically reviewed in this paper, In point our some weak- nesses of their analysis as well as wrong predictions they make. In propose to treat the partitive reading found in bare numeral constructions by separating the conven-tional DRS construction rules from the cognitively motivated DRS-operations at a different level. A preference rule is also proposed that would constrain the sortal structure of discourse referents when such operations as summation and abstraction are enforced at the DRS's of relevant levels. Evidence for the separate treatment of linguistically motivated processes apart from cognitively motivated ones comes from both English and Korean constructions involving definite plural pronouns and numeral classifiers.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
• /
• v.16 no.5
• /
• pp.1129-1144
• /
• 2020

The thangka image inpainting method based on wavelet transform is not ideal for contour curves when the high frequency information is repaired. In order to solve the problem, a new image inpainting algorithm is proposed based on edge structural constraints and wavelet transform coefficients. Firstly, a damaged thangka image is decomposed into low frequency subgraphs and high frequency subgraphs with different resolutions using wavelet transform. Then, the improved fast marching method is used to repair the low frequency subgraphs which represent structural information of the image. At the same time, for the high frequency subgraphs which represent textural information of the image, the extracted and repaired edge contour information is used to constrain structure inpainting in the proposed algorithm. Finally, the texture part is repaired using texture synthesis based on the wavelet coefficient characteristic of each subgraph. In this paper, the improved method is compared with the existing three methods. It is found that the improved method is superior to them in inpainting accuracy, especially in the case of contour curve. The experimental results show that the hierarchical method combined with structural constraints has a good effect on the edge damage of thangka images.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.154-161
• /
• 1997

This paper presents the method to eliminate the constraint reaction in the Lagrange multiplier form equation of motion by using a generalized coordinate driveder from the velocity constraint equation. This method introduces a matrix method by considering the m dimensional space spanned by the rows of the constraint jacobian matrix. The orthogonal vectors defining the constraint manifold are projected to null vectors by the tangential vectors defined on the constraint manifold. Therefore the orthogonal projection matrix is defined by the tangential vectors. For correcting the generalized position coordinate, the optimization problem is formulated. And this correction process is analyzed by the quasi Newton method. Finally this method is verified through 3 dimensional vehicle model.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
• /
• 2009.03a
• /
• pp.792-797
• /
• 2009

The stress-strain characteristics of compacted bentonite are investigated using experimental triaxial compression test by Hoek-cell. Special attention given to various dry density and water absorption ratio. Based on the test results, it is shown that the stress-strain relationship of compacted bentonite is highly influenced by dry density and water absorption ratio. Also, characteristics of Bentonite is similar to the clay rather than sand. Strength of compressed Bentonite increases with higher dry density. It shows maximum strength value, if in a same condition with dry density and constrain pressure. So we determine that value as the optimistic moisture contents for the maximun strength of compressed Bentonite.

• 기술발표회
• /
• s.2006
• /
• pp.185-192
• /
• 2006

In this study the case of ground improvement by CGS as injection method were analyzed in order to find out effect of behavior of sandy soil and the application of this method as ground improvement. The study were analyzed N value after CGS work of sandy soil by many sites test. Considering that increase of N value, CGS can be considered as an effective method to increase the bear capacity as well as constrain the settlement of soft ground From the results of this study, N value after CGS work of sandy soil were closed to N value of ground and relative density(Dr), improvement ratio(As) of grouting and the study will be done continuously for finding out relation of them

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.43 no.6
• /
• pp.213-223
• /
• 2010

Young Stellar Objects (YSOs) in the early evolutionary stages are very embedded, and thus they emit most of their energy at long wavelengths such as far-infrared (FIR) and submillimeter (Submm). Therefore, the FIR observational data are very important to classify the accurate evolutionary stages of these embedded YSOs, and to better constrain their physical parameters in the dust continuum modeling. We selected 28 YSOs, which were detected in the AKARI Far-Infrared Surveyor (FIS), from the Spitzer c2d legacy YSO catalogs to test the effect of FIR fluxes on the classification of their evolutionary stages and on the constraining of envelope properties, internal luminosity, and UV strength of the Interstellar Radiation Field (ISRF). According to our test, one can mis-classify the evolutionary stages of YSOs, especially the very embedded ones if the FIR fluxes are not included. In addition, the total amount of heating of YSOs can be underestimated without the FIR observational data.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.128-131
• /
• 2011

After the successful extension of the rotating planar waveguide model to Wave Optics, where a clear identification between the angular velocity of one hypothetical waveguide and the phase differences between two points on the path of one bounded mode was found, an application of the model to explain the interference theory is presented. We demonstrate that, for two bounded modes to create an interference pattern, a constrain to the relative parameters among both is imposed by the fiber optics. This result, not reported in the literature up to date, provides a new horizon to understand the interaction light-light when propagated within optical fibers.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
• /
• v.50 no.10
• /
• pp.464-471
• /
• 2001

Power utilities must satisfy both supplying high quality power economically and reducing EMF levels. In general, in order to reduce EMF levels from transmission line, it is effective to install shielding wires, configure wires with minimal space or modify structure of other conductors, etc., but these techniques require much cost and time. To some extent, the EMF levels associated with critical transmission lines can be reduced by redistributing the scheduled power generation, since it can change the power flows. There this technique can be readily applied without modifying other structures. This paper considers the OPF(Optimal Power Flow) with the EMF constraints in transmission lines to determine the power generation redistributions and demonstrates numerically the effectiveness of the approach.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.38.1-38.1
• /
• 2013

We present observational estimation of the infrared (IR) luminosity function (LF) of local (z < 0.3) star-forming (SF) galaxies derived from the AKARI NEP-Wide samples. We made an analysis of the NEP-Wide data with optical spectroscopic information allowing an accurate determination of luminosity function. Spectroscopic redshifts for about 1650 objects were obtained with MMT/Hectospec and WIYN/Hydra, and the median redshifts is about 0.22. To measure the contribution of SF galaxies to the luminosity function, we excluded AGN sample by comparing their SEDs with various model template. Spectroscopic redshifts and the AKARI's continuous filter coverage in the mid-IR (MIR) wavelength (2 ~ 25 micron) enable us to avoid large uncertainties from the mid-IR SED of galaxies and corresponding k-corrections. The 8-micron luminosity function shows a good agreement with the previous works in the bright-end, whereas it seems not easy to constrain the faint-end slope. The comparison with the results of the NEP-Deep data (Goto et al. 2010) suggests the luminosity evolution to the higher redshifts, which is consistent with the down-sizing evolutionary pattern of galaxies.