• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.111-119
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• 2009

Objectives : To assess the characteristics of electropyography(EMG) and heart rate variability(HRV) values in idiopathic facial palsy inpatients of different Sasang constitutions. Methods : Medical records of 103 idiopathic facial palsy inpatients who underwent facial EMG testing and HRV testing were retrospectively reviewed. All subjects had been consulted to the department of Sasang constitution for constitution differentiation. The Sasang constitutional and age distribution were initially analyzed, and axonal loss percentage values on EMG were correlated with Sasang constitution and sex. HRV results were also correlated with Sasang constitution and sex. Results : 1. 24.4 percent of idiopathic facial palsy inpatients were of the Soyang constitution, 52.4 percent were of the Taeum, and 23.3 percent were of the Soeum. Patients in their fifties were most common in all constitutions(27.8%). 2. Mean axonal loss values for the temporal, zygomatic, and buccal branches were all statistically significantly lower in the Taeum constitution compared with Soyang or Soeum(p<0.05). 3. Mean axonal loss values for the temporal, zygomatic, and buccal branches were all statistically significantly lower in men than women(p<0.05). 4. The mean LF/HF ratio was significantly lower in idiopathic facial palsy inpatients of the Soeum constitution compared with Soyang and Taeum(p<0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference in mean MHRT, SDNN, TP, VLF, LF, and HF of different constitutions. 5. The mean SDNN was significantly lower in women inpatients compared with men(p<0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference in mean MHRT, TP, VLF, LF, HF, and LF/HF ratio. Conclusions : The Sasang constitutional composition of idiopathic facial palsy inpatients closely adheres to the composition proposed in Dong-eui-su-se-bo-won, but the Taeum and Soeum proportion is slightly larger and the Soyang proportion slightly smaller. Axonal loss value on EMG was significantly lower in the Taeum constitution, and in men(p<0.05, <0.05). Mean LF/HF ratio was significantly lower in the Soeum constitution compared with Soyang and Taeum(p<0.05), and mean SDNN was significantly lower in women(p<0.05).

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.173-193
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• 2009

Objectives The purpose of this research is to find out the relationship between Zema 21 and in body based on the Sasang Constitutional difference of children. Methods We collected 1050 children from 5 years old to 15 years old who had been tested for both Zema21 and Inbody in OO oriental hospital from the period of September 1, January 1999 to August 31, 2008. This research investigated the Constitutional differences based on the relationship between Zema21 and Inbody. Results 1. It turned out that the children's height does not have a significant relationship between their age and gender. 2. Generally, Taeumin's weights were significantly high than those of Soyangin's and Soumin's in certain ages in children over 9 years old and in all genders. 3. The percentage of the body fat in Taeumin were significantly high than Soyangin and Soumin in certain ages in children over 10 years old and in all genders. 4. Waist-Hip ratio in Taeumin were significantly high than Soyangin and Soumin in male over 10 years old and in female over 13 years old of children. On the other hand, there was no relationship to the Soyangin and Soumin. 5. The obesity degree in Taeumin were significantly high in all female and male who were over 10 years old. Soyangin were the next highest group and Soumin follows. 6. Body Mass Index in Taeumin were significantly high in all genders who were over 10 years old. The second is Soyangin, and the lowest groupis Soumin. 7. The Basal Metabolic Rate resulted as significant in all age, although this does not have any relationship between age and gender. 8. Abdomen out in Taeumin were significantly high in ages over 10 and genders. The second is Soyangin and the lowest is Soumin. 9. Hip circumference Abdomen out in Taeumin were significantly high in ages over 10 and genders. Specially, Taeumin shows highest value, then the second is Soyangin, and the lowest is Soumin who were over 12 years old. Conclusions The results of Inbody were not significant to the children who were under 9 years old. Taeumin became significantly fat after over 10 years old. The results of Body Composition except height and Basal Metabolic Rate(MBR) were the highest in Taeumin, and Soyangin and Soumin were the second, and the third respectively.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.85-97
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• 2010

1. Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of oral administration of distilled Suhwagije-tang in aging rats. 2. Methods The SD rats used in this experiment were 6, 48 and 68 weeks old. These groups were treated with distilled water(DW), 1% Vitamin C(Vit. C) and 50% Suhwagije-tang(SGT) distillate respectively, once a day for 4 weeks. Blood samples were taken from heart and the levels of various parameters in serum were analysed. 3. Results and Conclusions (1) At all concentration of SGT, survival rates of liver cells were higher than the control group. (2) The rate of which the 10W-SGT group gained weight was significantly higher than that of the control groups. (3) The levels of albumin in serum of 10W-SGT group were significantly increased in comparison to those of the DW group. The levels of ALP, total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol in serum of 52W-SGT group were significantly decreased in comparison to those of the DW group. (4) The levels of testosterone in serum of SGT groups showed no significantly changes in comparison to those of the control groups. Testosterone levels were naturally decreased with advancing years, so 72W-DW group's testosterone level was significantly decreased in comparison to those of 10W-DW group's. In contrast, 72W-SGT group's level was the highest in comparison to those of the control groups and those of deviation from 10W, 52W and 72W in SGT groups was also smaller than control groups'. (5) The levels of glucose, total-bilirubin, ALT, AST, BUN, CRP, hs-CRP, homocystein, Na, K, Na/K ratio, Cl and Ca in serum of SGT groups showed no significantly changes in comparison to those of the control groups. These results suggest that oral administration of Suhwagije-tang distillate should be effective in promoting growth and preventing rapid decline of testosterone in aging rats does not cause any imbalance in liver, kidney and electrolyte.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1221-1225
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• 2009

The pulse diagnosis is an important and universally used method in Oriental Medicine. Since the traditional method of palpating the pulse relies on the subjective sense in the fingers of an Oriental Medical Doctor(OMD), there has been continued need for more objective method for pulse diagnosis. Recently, various pulse analyzers have been developed to meet such objective palpation and interpretation. However, most of these attempts were not successful to replace OMD's own palpation by fingers. To improve the performance of the pulse analyzers, one should develop machine-appropriate interpretations for the pulse images in the literature, in addition to the improvement in the repeatability and reproducibility. One of such widely-used pulse images to be interpreted is the floating and sinking pulse. The floating and sinking pulses are the two representative pulse images informing us how strong pressure one should apply to obtain the maximal pulse strength. A previous study suggested a convenient and unified measure for the floating and sinking pulses by defining the coefficient of the floating-sinking pulse(CFS). We found the original definition of the CFS could be erroneous under some situations. To improve the performance, we introduce new CFS algorithm for determining the floating and sinking pulse with a pulse analyzers(3-D MAC). To test the performance of the newly suggested algorithm, we conducted a clinical study comparing the agreement ratio with the floating and sinking pulse diagnosis by the OMDs. We found that, among the subjects who are diagnosed with having either the floating pulse or sinking pulse, the new CFS algorithm showed 55.3% diagnosis rate and 73.0% concordance rate, which are about 3% and 6% improvement in the diagnosis rate and agreement rate, respectively, compared to the original CFS algorithm.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.101-186
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• 1996

The clinical application of constitutional Diagnosis is the most important part of Sasang constitutional medicine. It has been studied in various way. However, the study of morphologic characteristics on the face is applied for the first time. For quantitative analysis of the correlation between the sasang constitution and the shape of the face, the head-facial part of 170 cases were measured by Martin's measurement and analysis of a) the measurement value of height and the component ratio from the Gnathion to each part of face by constitution. b) the measurement value of depth and the component ratio from T-projected to each part of the face by constitution. c) the measurement value of breadth and component ratio between each parts of the facial breadth by constitution. d) the ratio of square on every part of face by constitution. e) the characteristics on each part of the face by constitution. f) the contour line of the forehead. g) the result of discriminant analysis about the constitution. Authors obtained the results from the study as follows; 1. The characteristics of Taeum-IN (1) The measurement value of Height, Breadth, T-Projected had a tendency to maximum value in general. (2) The value of lower opthal height and the square of lower opthal part was maximum. (3) The value of Pronasal T-projected length and Subnasal T-projected length was minimum, so Taeum-In has characteristics of depression in middle face, nasal part. (4) In the ratio of Breadth, T-Projected, T-Projected was minimum. (5) It was maximum that the square of nose, Alare, Middle face, Lower face and it was minimum that the square of eye. The square of nose, Alare, Middle facc, Lower face was maximum and the square of eye was minimum. (6) The curvature of the eyebrow was minimum. (7) The projection of jaw (Pogonion T-projection length) was maximum. (8) The breadth of eye was minimum. (9) There was a tendency that the projection of the forehead to the right in general. 2. The characteristics of Soeum-In (1) In all cases of projected length the measurement value was minimum. (2) The value of lower opthal height and the square of lower opthal part was minimum. (3) By the Pupulare T-projected length, the value of Pronasal T-projected length and Subnasal T-projected length was minimum, so the Soeum In's face shape is flat. (4) The square of eye, mouth, forehead was maximum and the square of nose, Alare, Middle face, Lower face was minimum. (5) The curvature of the eyebrow was maximum. (6) The projection of mouth was minimum. (7) The jaw was flat. (8) The breadth of eye was maximum. (9) There was a tendency that the projection of the forehead to the left in general. 3. The characteristics of Soyang-In. (1) In most cases of 고경 length the measurement value was minimum. (2) By the Pupulare T-projected length, each ratio of projected length was maximum, so the Soyang-In's face shape has many protrusions (3) In the ratio of Breadth, T-Projected, T-Projected was maximum. (4) The square of mouth was minimum. (5) The inclination of the forehead was minimum. (6) The projection of mouth was maximum. (7) The breadth of eye was minimum. (8) There was a tendency that the projection of the forehead to the left in general. (9) The middle face was protruded. 4. Discriminant about the constitution. According to the result of discriminant, the accuracy probability of discriminant was 85.58% in total and Taeum-In was 90.5%, Soeum-In was 70.8%, Soyang-In was 89.5%. The accuracy probability of discriminant about 3 constitutional group increased by 49.03% than the accident probility 36.55% 5. Suggestion (1) The study which gather and analysis the data should be continued. (2) The study which subdivide the characteristics of each part of the face by the constitution should be continued. (3) The analysis method about Moire should be supplement. (4) The study about the morphologic characteristics of the whole body should be continued. (5) Computer program of constitution diagnosis should be developed. (6) To increase utility of this method, the measurement should be automation.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.101-142
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• 1998

1. Objects The base of classification of Sasang Constitution was the different congenital formation of organs such as lungs, spleen, liver, kidneys, and it was expanded from the viscera region of lungs, spleen, liver, kidneys to the body shape of trunk. The researched about body shape of Sasang Constitution have had points of issues which derived by measurement with hands. But this study was measured the characteristics of body shape putting in importance of anatomical position with the computerized 3-Dimension scanner, which minimized the errors of measurement, and it was abled the cubic measurement such as volume, area of cross section as well as round length. 2. Materials & Method The examinee was healthy male 40 persons and female 20 persons from 20's to 40's, who was diagnosed by the specialist of Sasang Constitutional Medicine. The body shape was measured round length, area of cross section, and volume of 31 anatomical points and the 25 hypothesis with the Rapid 3D Color Scanner Model 3030 RGB/PS. And the characteristics of each constitution's body shape was derived. 3. Results & Concousion In female, Taeumin had the largest trunk and Soeumin had the smallest trunk compared to other constitution, but Soyangin had only the smallest neck. Soeumin has the smallest round length of nipple and the $CV_{12}$, and Soyangin has the smallest breadth of ASIS. Soyangin had the smallest volume from thyroid bone to the highest points of armpits and from sternum to nipple. Taeumin had the largest volume from sternum to the $CV_{12}$ and from sternum to xiphoid process. In male, Taeumin had the largest trunk and Soeumin had the smallest trunk from the level of thyroid bone to ASIS. Soyangin has the longest distance and Soeumin has the shortest distance from nipple to the lowest of breast. Taeumin had the largest volume of trunk and Soeumin had the smallest volume of trunk. In the ration of four-Cho, Taeumin had the longest distance from the highest points of armpits to nipple and Soyangin had the shortest distance of that. Soyangin had the smallest ratio of the height of upper middle cho. Soeumin had the smallest ratio from the $CV_{12}$ to navel among trunk. In the correlation among the four Cho, Taeumin had the negative correlation between the Upper-Cho and the Lower-Middle-Cho significantly.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.47-64
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• 2021

Objectives The purpose of this study was to figure out the effect and safety of electro-acupuncture and acupuncture on cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet(CHHF) by Sasang constitution. Methods 72 subjects were recruited from three Korean medical hospitals from October 2019 to October 2020. Subjects were randomly allocated in 1:1:1 ratio to electro-acupuncture group(EA group), acupuncture group(AC group), and control group. The EA and AC group received treatment twice a week for 5 weeks. We tried to confirm the effectiveness of electro-acupuncture and acupuncture treatment by checking changes in Visual analogue score(VAS), body temperature of LU4, PC8, ST32, LR3, and WHOQOL-BREF score. Results The VAS score of CHHF was reduced after treatment, and the effect continued for 4 weeks after the end of treatment in all Sasang constitution, all treatment groups. In all Sasang constitution, the body temperature of the electro-acupuncture group or acupuncture grouop was higher than that of the control group except LU4 in visit 11. And no clinically significant adverse events have been identified. Conclusions Electro-acupuncture and acupuncture treatment are effective on hypersensitivity on hands on feet, and the effect was shown regardless of Sasang constitution.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1904-1907
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• 2004

The sasang constitutional medicine has been believed to be inherited. To ensure the heredity of sasang constitution and to look into the heredity pattern, we statistically analyzed constitutional relationship between parents and their children, using 173 clinical data couples registered to SCIB(Sasang Constitution Information Bank). The following results are obtained: The sasang constitution can be believed to be inherited, because the constitutions of children, whose parents have same constitutions, are mostly the same as their parents'. And it seems that one constitution is predominant to the other according to combinations of constitutions because constitution ratio of children are uniformly 2 to 1 in case the constitutions of parents are not same. Also it was confirmed that any sex of parents is not predominant by Chi-square test.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.18-32
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• 2020

Objectives In order to find out the relationship between the Eight Principle Pattern Identification of Cold-Heat, Deficiency-Excess and the Sasang constitution, we analyzed the clinical data from 500 women with menstrual pain and women without menstrual pain. Methods In the previous study, the subject's information of Typology Complexion Pulse and Symptom was collected, and Eight Principle Pattern Identification was executed based on this. Later, the relationship between the Sasang constitution and the Eight Principle Pattern Identification was statistically analyzed. Results and Conclusion 1. The obvious difference between the experimental group and the control group in the patterns of Cold-Heat and Deficiency-Excess is that patients who complain of menstrual pain do not maintain harmony with the yin-yang ratio, it can be said that the patterns of Cold-Heat and Deficiency-Excess can be a Identification standard that significantly obscures the condition of the disease. 2. There was a significant difference between the Sasang constitution and the Eight Principle Pattern Identification of Cold-Heat. There was no significant difference between the Sasang constitution and the Eight Principle Pattern Identification of Deficiency-Excess.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.255-262
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• 2020

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of herbal medicine (HM) combined with chemotherapy (CT) for cervical cancer. Ten electronic databases including Pubmed, Cochrane library, Embase, Korean databases, and Chinese medical databases were systematically searched up to October 2019. All randomized controlled trials with HM combined with CT to treat cervical cancer were included. A total of 21 trials were included for analysis. Compared to the control group, HM combined with CT group significantly increased tumor response (complete and partial response) (risk ratio [RR] = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.15-1.33, p < 0.00001) and Karnofsky performance score (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.41-2.01, p < 0.00001). Also, HM combined with CT group remarkably reduced CT toxicity. In Conclusion, our study suggests that HM might be a potential option for cervical cancer to enhance curative efficacy and reduce CT toxicity.