• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2004

Purpose This study is to find the characteristics of voice quality based on the classifying the sound characteristics and B.M.I. by Sasang Constitution. Methods To make the notion of the consensus of Sasang Constitution's Voice, classification into 4 categories was made: clear/hoarse, high/low, powerful/powerless, fast/slow. Result The voice quality of Soyangin group was classified as powerful and fast, and that of Taeumin group was classified as powerful and hoarse and low, and that of Soeumin group was classified as powerless and clear. The mean B.M.I. of Soeumin group was classified as 21.4, and that of Taeumin group was classified as 26.3. Conclusion 1. Taeumin was significantly high compared with Soeumin in B.M.I. 2. It can be classified as Taeumin when B.M.I. is high(26.3). 3. It can be classified as Soeumin when B.M.I. is low(21.4). 4. The voice quality of Soyangin group was classified as clear and fast, or strong and clear, and that of Taeumin group as powerful and hoarse, and that of Soeumin group as powerless and low.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.458-470
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• 2011

1. Objectives Vocal characteristics are commonly considered as an important factor in determining the Sasang constitution and the health condition. We have tried to find out the classification procedure to distinguish the constitution objectively and quantitatively by analyzing the characteristics of subject's voice without noise and error. 2. Methods In this study, we extract the vocal features from voice selected with prior information, remove outliers, minimize the correlated features, correct the features with normalization according to gender and age, and make the discriminant functions that are adaptive to gender and age from the features for improving diagnostic accuracy. 3. Results and Conclusions Finally, the discriminant functions produced about 45% accuracy to classify the constitution for every age interval and every gender, and the diagnostic accuracy was meaningful as the result from only the voice.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2012

Sasang constitution experts utilize voice characteristics as an auxiliary measure for deciding a person's constitutional group. This study aims at establishing a relationship between speech features and the constitutional groups by subjective listening evaluation of voice characteristics. A speech database of 841 speakers whose constitutional groups have been already diagnosed by Sasang constitution experts was constructed. Speech features related to speech source and vocal tract filter were extracted from five vowels and one sentence. Statistically significant speech features for classifying the groups were analyzed using SPSS. The features contributed to constitution classification were speaking rate, Energy, A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, H4, CPP for males in their 20s, F0_mean, CPP, SPI, HNR, Shimmer, Energy, A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, H4 for females in their 20s, Energy, A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, H4, CPP for male in the 60s, and Jitter, HNR, CPP, SPI for females in their 60s. Experimental results show that speech technology is useful in classifying constitutional groups.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.40-48
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• 2010

1. Objectives Herbal Extracts are used in Korean Oriental Medicine clinics. The sixty eight kinds of single herbal extracts and fifty six kinds of mixed herbal extracts has been using since the first year of execution of Korean medicine national insurance policy in 1987. This paper was performed to make a guideline of using herbal extracts. Single herbal extracts and mixed herbal extracts were discussed and classified according to Sasang constition. 2. Methods The sixty eight single herbal extracts were classified into four categories according to Sasang Constitution and fifty six mixed herbal extracts were classified by six Korean oriental medical doctors. Mixed herbal extracts were considered in terms of drug roles[sovereign, minister, assistant and courier(君臣佐使)] or most included ingredient herb. 3. Results Sasang constitutions which were suitable for fifty six mixed herbal extracts were Soeumin(46.4%), mixed constitution(39.2%) and Soyangin(8.9%), Taeeumin(5.3%). Sasang constitutions which were suitable for sixty eight single herbal extracts were Soeumin(47.1%), Soyangin(32.4%) and Taeeumin(20.6%). 4. Conclusions The rate of Soeumin herbal extracts was the most highest among all constitutions. It is regarded that warming and enforcing herb medicine were most used in all prescriptions.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.153-163
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• 2011

1. Objectives: This study intends to identify the contents of Sasang Constitutional Diet through a book by Lee Je-Ma, to review the implied contents, and to analyze the influence of this information and principles on the formation of Eight Constitutional Diet. 2. Results and Conclusions: 1) The Sasang Constitutional Diet was systematically established by Lee Je-Ma, and is composed by the principles of 'food is on different from medicine(食藥同源)', principles of 'reinforcement of one organ(一臟補强)', principles of 'should not be mixed(混用不可)' and principles of 'food abstinence'(飮食節制)'. 2) The Eight Constitutional Diet has already been studied before 1962, and "Classification Of Constitutional Regimen and Diet", which recorded harmful and good food, has been used in clinical practices since 1962. The basis that can transform Eight Constitutional Diet into Sasang Constitutional Diet can be found in the fact that the Eight Constitution is based on the Sasang constitution. However, because clinical research on the relationship between 8 constitution and Sasang constitution is still sketchy, directly transforming the current Eight Constitutional Diet into Sasang Constitutional Diet seems unreasonable.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.55-68
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to analyze the distribution, relationship, prognosis and improvement score of idiopathic facial palsy inpatients according to constitutional differentiation ; Sasang constition, Hyungsang classification, Sasang constition combined with Hyungsang classification. Methods : A study was done on 102 patients who were diagnosed and treated as idiopathic facial palsy from April 2012 to Nomember 2012 at the Department of Acupuncture and Moxibution Medicine, Dong-eui Oriental University Hospital. Medical records of inpatinets who underwent facial ENoG, NET test were analyzed. Changes of HBGS grade and Yanagihara's score were also evaluated. We classified inpaients acording to Sasang constitution by consulting to Department of Sasang constitutinal medicine, and to Hyungsang classification(Dam-body, Bangkwang-body) by measuring under medical system of 3D facial shapes(RS-400FL). The constitutional differentiation and general characteristics were initially analyzed, and valuse on ENoG, NET were correlated with constitutinal differentiation. Results of HBGS and Yanagihara's score were also correlated with constitutinal differentiation. Results : 1. Each 39.2 percent of idiopathic facial palsy inpatients were the Taeeumin and Soyangin, 21.6 percent were the Soeumin. 2. 75.5 percent of idiopathic facial palsy inpatients were the Bangkwang-body, 24.5 percent were the Dam-body. 3. 34.3 percent of idiopathic facial palsy inpatinets were the Taeeum-Bangkwang, 21.6 percent were the Soyang-Bangkwang, 19.6 percent were the Soeum-Bangkwang, 17.6 percent were the Soyang-Dam, 4.9 percent were the Taeem-Dam, 2 percent were the Soeum-Dam. 4. By sex, the each ratio of Taeeumin, Soeumin, Bangkwang-body, Taeeum-Bangkwang, Soeum-Bangkwang, Soyang-Bangkwang was higher in female, that of Dam-body, Taeeum-Dam, Soyang-Dam was higher in male. 5. By relations between Sasang constitution and Hyungsang classification, the each ratio of Taeeumin and Soeumin was higher in Bangkwang-body. 6. By values on ENoG and NET, evaluations of HBGS's grade and Yanagihara's score, there were no significant difference. Conclusions : In idiopathic facial palsy inpatients, the proportion of Taeeum and Soyang among the Sasang constitution was higher, that of Dam among the Hyungsang classification was higher, that of Taeeum-Bangkwang among the Sasang combined with Hyungsang was the highest. It would seem that Bangkwang-body, female were closely related to Taeeumin, Soeumin. Also, Dam-body were closely related to male. But when comparing groups, there was no statistically significant difference in prognosis and improvement.

• 대한중풍순환신경학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.40-45
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• 2006

Objectives : This study was aimed to assess the distribution of Sasang constitution(SC) in acute stroke patients. Methods : We assessed the type of SC of acute stroke patients in the oriental medical hospitals of 3 universities located in metropolitan region from October 2005 to October 2006 by Questionnaire for the Sasang Constitution Clssification II(QSCCII). We investigated general characteristics, stroke type, blood test results, alcohol drinking, smoking and dietary preferences according to SC. Results : 236 subjects were included into the final analysis. 1. This study showed that the proportion of So-yang was highest of all constitutions(45.3%). And the body weight, body mass index, the waist circumference(WC), the hip circumference(HC), and the WC/HC ratio recorded the significantly high result in Tae-eum. 2. In the TOAST classification, SVO was the major type occupying 81.7% in the total subjects. 3. In Tae-eum, total cholesterol, triglyceride and 2 hours postprandial plasma glucose level were the highest and fasting glucose was significantly highest of all constitutions. Conclusion : From this study, we could roughly seize the distribution of Sasang constitution in acute stroke patients. For the further research, it seems to be necessary to construct fundamental databases for stroke by increasing the number of patients and by analyzing delicate characteristics of each constitution type.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.151-183
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• 1999

사상체질진단(四象體質診斷)에 있어 임상적(臨床的)으로 가장 많이 활용(活用)되며 또한 객관성(客觀性)이 인정(認定)되고 있는 방법(方法)으로는 설문지(設問紙)를 이용하는 방법(方法)이 있으며 그 중 대표적으로 사상변증내용(四象辨證內容) 설문조사지(設問調査紙)(I)과 사상체질분류조사지(四象體質分類調査紙)(QSCC II)가 있으나, 그 체질판정(體質判定)에 있어 각기 한쪽 체질(體質)로 치우치는 경향성(傾向性)을 보이므로 인(因)하여 임상가(臨床家)에서는 그 나름대로의 가치(價値)를 지니면서도 크게 일반화(一般化)되지 못하는 것이 현실(現實)이다. 본(本) 연구(硏究)는 사상체질진단(四象體質診斷)의 객관화(客觀化)를 위한 설문지(設問紙)의 연구(硏究)로써 동의대학교(東義大學校) 한의과대학(韓醫科大學) 부속한방병원(附屬韓方病院)에 내원(來院)한 자(者) 692명(名)(종합건강진단센터 대상자(對象者) 575명(名)과 환자(患者) 117명(名) 중 설문지(設問紙)(I)과 설문지(設問紙)(II)의 설문조사(設問調査) 결과(結果)와 사상체질전공의(四象體質專攻醫)의 체질판별(體質判別) 결과(結果)가 모두 치(致)하는 250명(名) 중(中)에서 설문지(設問紙) 내용(內容)이 비교적(比較的) 충실(充實)한 200명(名)을 대상(對象)으로 설문조사(設問調査) 내용(內容)을 통계분석(統計分析)하고 이를 토대(土臺)로 새로운 설문(設問)의 구성(構成)을 시도(試圖)하여 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻게 되었다. 1. 설문지(設問紙)(I), 설문지(設問紙)(II)의 총(總) 192문항(問項)((설문지(設問紙)(I) 71문항(問項), 설문지(設問紙)(II) 121문항(問項))중에서 유의성(有意性)을 가지는 문항(問項)(P값이 최소(最小) 0.04 이상(以下))은 84문항(問項)(설문지(設問紙)(I)이 39문항(問項), 설문지(設問紙)(II)가 45문항(問項))이었다. 이중에서 서로 중복되는 항목(項目)이 22항목(項目)을 감안하연 설문지(設問紙)(I)과 설문지(設問紙)(II)의 총(總) 192문항(問項) 중(中) 체질(體質)에 따른 유의도(有意度) 검사(檢査)에 있어서 실질적(實質的)으로 유의(有意)있게 나타나는 문항(問項)은 총(總) 73문항(問項)이었다. P값이 0.001이하(以下)의 값을 보인 문항(問項)은 설문지(設問紙)(I)이 33문항(問項)이었으며, 설문지(設問紙)(II)의는 40문항(問項)으로 나타나 대체로 유의성(有意性)이 매우 높음을 알 수 있었다. 2. "설문지(設問紙)를 통한 사상체질(四象體質)의 임상적(臨床的) 분류방안(分類方案) 연구(硏究)"와 "체질진단분류(體質診斷分類)에 따른 질병(疾病) 및 증상유형(症狀類型)에 관한 임상적(臨床的) 연구(硏究)II"에서 유의성(有意性)이 입증(立證)된 설문문항(設問問項)을 몇 가지 추가(追加)하여 총(總) 851문항(問項)의 설문지(設問紙)를 구성(構成)하였다. 각(各) 문항(問項)들을 항목별(項目別)로 나누어 살펴보면, <체격(體格)과 체형(體型)>을 묻는 문항(問項)이 7개(個) 문항(問項)이었고, <외모(外貌)(안색(顔色))와 태도(態度)>를 묻는 문항(問項)이 7개(個) 문항(問項)이었고, <습관(習慣)과 성격(性格)>을 묻는 문항(問項)이 3개(個) 문항(問項)이었고, <생리(生理)-병리상태(病理狀態)>를 묻는 문항(問項)이 3개(個) 문항(問項)이었고, <평소(平素) 건강(健康)할 때 자주 느끼는 증상(症狀)>을 묻는 문항(問項)이 4개(個) 문항(問項)이었고, <식사습관(食事習慣)>을 묻는 문항(問項)이 3개(個) 문항(問項)이었으며, <평소(平素) 잘 나타나는 증세(症勢)>를 묻는 문항(問項)이 14개(個) 문항(問項)이었고, <일처리와 장단점(長短點)>을 묻는 문항(問項)이 6개(個) 문항(問項)이었고, <대인관계(對人關係)>에 대하여 묻는 문항(問項)이 7개(個) 문항(問項)이었고, <평소(平素)의 마음>에 대하여 묻는 문항(問項)이 5개(個) 문항(問項)이었고, <감정특성(感情特性)>에 대하여 묻는 문항(問項)이 1개(個) 문항(問項)이었고, <행동특성(行動特性)>에 대하여 묻는 문항(問項)이 10개(個) 문항(問項)이었고, <성격(性格)>에 대하여 묻는 문항(問項)이 15개(個) 문항(問項)이었다. 3. 문제지(設問紙)에서 소양인(少陽人)에 해당되는 항목(項目)은 84항목(項目)이었으며, 소음인(少陰人)에 해당되는 항목(項目)은 87항목(項目)이었으며, 태음인(太陰人)에 해당되는 항목(項目)은 70항목(項目)이었다. 또한 각(各) 설문항목(設問項目)의 유의성(有意性) 검사(檢査)에서 나타난 응답율(應答率)을 점수화(點數化)하여 가산점(加算點)을 부가(附加)한 후(後) 합산(合算)한 결과(結果) 소양인(少陽人) 항목(項目)의 점수(點數) 합계(合計)는 7785.04점(點)이었고, 소음인(少陰人) 항목(項目)의 점수(點數) 합계(合計)는 7742.80점(點)이었으며, 태음인(太陰人) 항목(項目)의 점수(點數) 합계(合計)는 7746.60점(點)이었다. 4. 새로운 설문지(設間紙)(III)의 유의성(有意性)은 임상환자(臨床患者) 75명(名)의 체질진단(體質診斷)에 있어 73.33%의 진단(診斷) 정확율(正確率)을 보이고 있으 나, 소음인(少陰人)과 태음인(太陰人)에 비하여 소양인(少陽人)의 판별율(判別率)이 다소 떨어지게 나타나고 있으며 태양인(太陽人)은 설문(設問)에서 제외(除外) 되었다.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제13권2호통권20호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2007

The need for the study of the revealing Sasang constitution at scientific term is increasing as the application of this discipline to the patient produces more accurate result. To obtain scientific evidence of Sasang constitution, it is crucial to analyze accumulated clinical information and associate them to the biological indices that may classify Sasang constitution. Thus, the analysis of clinical information is the most important stepping stone to go toward to the stage of developing model and decision support system (DSS) for classifying Sasang constitution. This study is a preliminary analysis of 1,109 samples collected with 171 clinical indices. To find meaningful clinical indices for classifying Sasang constitutional medicine, we applied decision tree model for them. The skin of 66.5% within whole Taeeumin is thick and non feeble. In the case of 69.8% within whole Soyangin, the skin is non feeble and slippery. In the case of 64.4% within whole Soeumin. they have feeble skin. Therefore, the property of skin can be suggested to be more important than any other index for the classification of Sasang constitution.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.733-740
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• 2007

Objective : This study investigated the relationship between warning signs and Sasang constitution (SC) in acute stroke patients. Methods : From October in 2005 to March in 2007, 629 acute stroke patients were studied. Patients were hospitalized within 14 days after the onset ofstroke at one of 3 oriental medical hospitals in Seoul and Kyong-gi province. We assessed the type of SC of acute stroke patients by Questionnaire for Sasang Constitution Classification II (QSCC II). We investigated warning signs (motor weakness, blindness, dysarthria, sensory disturbance, finger dullness, facial & eyelid spasm, neck stiffness), general characteristics, etc. Results : This study showed a higher proportion of Tae-eum & So-eum experience upper extremity sensory disturbance but So-yangexperience lower extremity sensory disturbance. Smoker So-eumexperience 1st & 2nd finger dullness more than non-smoker So-eum. So-eum women experience motor weakness more than So-eum men. Conclusion : Besides these results, we could observe almost no relationship between warning signs and Sasang constitution (SC) in acute stroke patients. More data from prospective cohort studies will help people better understand the relationship between warning signs and Sasang constitution (SC) in acute stroke patients.