• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.793-801
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• 1998

In this study, the Dilution Method is used to measure river discharge through the hydraulic model test. the dilution method is divided into Constant-Rate-Infection Method and Slug-Injection Method in the river discharge measurement techniques. When the dilution method is applied in the hydraulic model flume, it is analyzed that the estimated error of constant-rate-injection method is less than that of the slug-in-jection method, and the result shows that floodflow analysis is more efficient than lowflow analysis as compared observed discharge with calculated discharge. The result of statistical error analysis shows that the constant-rate-injection method is appropriate technique for the measurement of the river discharge. Therefore, the dilution method among the river discharge measurement techniques can be applied for the river basin which can't be measured with current meter or unsteady-flow regime in the urban-small drainage or hydraulic structure equipment area and can be obtained more exact results than any other discharge measurement techniques.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2020

Recurrent event data frequently occur in clinical studies, demography, engineering reliability and so on (Cook and Lawless, The Statistical Analysis of Recurrent Events, Springer, 2007). Sometimes, two or more different but related type of recurrent events may occur simultaneously. In this study, our interest is to estimate the covariate effect on bivariate recurrent event times with zero inflations. Such zero inflation can be related with susceptibility. In the context of bivariate recurrent event data, furthermore, such susceptibilities may be different according to the type of event. We propose a joint model including both two intensity functions and two cure rate functions. Bivariate frailty effects are adopted to model the correlation between recurrent events. Parameter estimates are obtained by maximizing the likelihood derived under a piecewise constant hazard assumption. According to simulation results, the proposed method brings unbiased estimates while the model ignoring cure rate models gives underestimated covariate effects and overestimated variance estimates. We apply the proposed method to a set of bivariate recurrent infection data in a study of child patients with leukemia.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.330-334
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• 1999

Applying the method of quantitative analysis of pycnidiospore from the detached warts produced by the infection of Botryosphaeria dothidea on apple stems, repeated productivity of spores within the detached warts, variations in the amount of spores within the detached warts, variations in the amount of spores by the length of induction time for sporulation, and the effects of temperature and moisture on the sporulation were investigated. In addition to these experiment, the changes in the state of spores within the pycnidia contained in the warts accompanied by the induction of sporulation and dispersal of spores were also investigated. When detached warts were kept in moist conditions, the sporulation and discharge of spores were also investigated. When detached warts were kept in moist conditions, the sporulation and discharge of spores could be repeated several times, and the amount of spores were almost constant after each repeat of sporulation induction and dispersal of spores in a given period. The fact that the pycnidia filled with spores were observed at considerable rates within the warts which were subjected to the shaking in the water to release spores indicated that the spores might never be released until the pycnidia were fully matured. From the high rate of empty pycnidia even in the warts which were kept in moist conditions for induction of sporulation, the pycnidiospores might be produced through the development of new pycnidia. A considerable amount of pycnidiospores were produced at $5^{\circ}$, and the sporulation was accelerated with the rise of temperature until $35^{\circ}$. When the warts were supplied with sufficient moisture, sporulation was further accelerated. The results obtained in these experiment will be applied in developing the method for assessing the inhibitory efficacies of fungicides on the sporulation of this fungus, with which a new control measure would be developed.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.136.1-136
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• 2003

Bacterial grain rot by Burkholderia gluae cause severe damage in seedling and grain of rice after heading season. This seed-borne pathogen play a role as first infection agent that could be cause disease following cropping season. Until now the direct isolation of the bacteria has some trouble by interference of other bacteria existed inside seed. This study established convenient identification method as simple isolation with KB medium from seed showing symptom and using PCR identification. By this isolation method, B. glumae was isolated from 40 to 50％ in brown rice and inner hull, however, there were saprophytic bacteria and fungi outer hull. In PCR identification with Ogf4 and Ogr3 primer to these 25 isolates, the amplified products were presented in all of the collections but not in 10 saprophytic germs. The isolation rate was constant to 3 months stored seeds. This result provide a rapid and convenient isolation and identification of B. glumae.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.118-123
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• 2001

Introduction : We report advantages of distally based superficial sural artery flap in the soft tissue defect in lower leg, ankle and foot. They are easier and less complicated technique than others. Material & Method : Total 26 patients were operated and their soft tissue defect site were 10 cases of anterior tibial surface, 6 cases of Achilles tendon area, 3 cases of lateral and medial surface of tibia, 3 cases of foot dorsum surface, 3 cases of sole, 1 case of medial aspect of ankle. Average pedicle distance was 12.8 cm(range $8{\sim}21cm$) and follow up period was mean 18 months. Result : We obtained 24 cases of excellent and good results. The two cases were reported low complication rate, which were one case of skin necrosis covered full thickness skin graft, and the other case of infection. Conclusion : The advantage of distally based superficial sural artery flap in soft tissue defect are long distant pedicle, short operation time, easy elevation of pedicle, constant and reliable blood supply and good cosmetic result with thin-thickness flap.