• 공업화학
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.75-79
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• 2023

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) Marine Environmental Protection Committee (MEPC) may adopt actions after completing impact assessments and reviewing results in accordance with the original strategy and impact assessment procedure (MEPC.1/Circ.885). The assessment of the impact of greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction measures is an important step in determining whether to implement GHG regulations. This study identifies and proposes improvements in the impact assessment procedure for future mid- and long-term measures. Improvements for future measures should start with a review of "the procedure for assessing impacts on states of candidate measures" and "the actual process of the comprehensive impact assessment for short-term measures in 2021." The procedural improvements were largely derived from the order and period of task performance, the clear definition of terms, and the review of task results through lessons learned, analysis, and expert workshops. The impact assessment of future mid- and long-term measures should be procedurally improved to ensure uniformity and consistency, which will provide objective results for Member States and industries to help smooth the adoption of measures.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2011

Purpose: The aim of this study was to validate the Korean version of World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (KWHODAS 2.0) in 12 item-self administered version (12-self). Methods: The KWHODAS 2.0 and Korean Functional Rating index (KFRI) were tested for internal consistency, ceiling and floor effects, and concurrent validity in 111 patients with low back pain and/or neck pain. Results: A very high level of internal consistency was shown for both instruments; ${\alpha}$=0.96 with KWHODAS 2.0; 12-self and ${\alpha}$=0.97 for KFRI. No ceiling and/or floor effects were found in both the instruments. The KWHODAS 2.0 and KFRI were highly correlated (r=0.77), and the relationship of each item between KWHODAS 2.0 and KFRI was ranging from r=0.09 to 0.72. Conclusion: We conclude that the KWHODAS 2.0: 12-self and KFRI are reliable and are valid instruments for the measurement of disability in Korean speaking patients with low back and/or neck pain. Both instruments, the KWHODAS 2.0; 12-Self and KFRI are now suitable for use in clinical practice and research applications.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.375-388
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to assess the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Coping and Adaptation Processing Scale-Short- Form in patients with cancer. Methods: The original scale was translated into Korean using Brislin's translation model. The Korean Short-Form and the Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy-General were administered to 164 Korean patients with cancer using convenience sampling method. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0. Construct validity, criterion validity, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency reliability of the Korean Coping and Adaptation Processing Scale-Short-Form were evaluated. Results: Exploratory factor analysis supported the construct validity with a four-factor solution that explained 60.6% of the total variance. Factor loadings of the 15 items on the four subscales ranged .52~.86. The four-subscale model was validated by confirmatory factor analysis (Normed ${\chi}^2=1.38$ (p=.013), GFI=.92, SRMR=.02, RMSEA=.05, TLI=.94, and CFI=.95), and criterion validity was demonstrated with the Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy-General. Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency of the total scale was .83 and ranged .68~.81 for all subscales, demonstrating sufficient test-retest reliability. Conclusion: The Korean version showed satisfactory construct and criterion validity, as well as internal consistency and test-retest reliability.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.143-160
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• 2015

Objectives: The study purpose was to test the validity and reliability of the core emotional assessment questionnaire based on the seven emotions. Methods: Survey data were from 651 individuals and contained 141 items determined from a previous pilot study. Among the participants, 241 were retested. First, following analysis of the internal consistency reliability of the 141 items, we deleted items with Cronbach-$\alpha$ coefficient below 0.5. We then selected 100 final items after the first factor analysis. Second, the final 100 items were evaluated by internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, factor analysis, and correlational analysis. Results: Cronbach-$\alpha$ coefficient for the final 100 items were 0.866~0.956 and the test-retest reliability were above 0.70. The 100 items categorized into 7 factors explained 53.8% of the total variance. Analyzing the correlation of each chiljeong, we had a high positive correlation above 0.70 between sa and bi, bi and u, gong and kyeong. Conclusions: The final 100 items used for the core emotional assessment questionnaire based on the seven emotions showed satisfactory reliability and validity. Thus, it may be an appropriate instrument for measuring Chiljeong in the general population.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.487-503
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• 2008

In this paper, descriptive assessment method for middle school mathematics was evaluated by developing a framework for designing and grading problems for descriptive assessment and analyzing the effectiveness of the problems. The new descriptive assessment problems were developed by reviewing the current 7th National Mathematics Curriculum of Korea and aligned mathematics textbooks to define a set of problem design principles and evaluation framework for the assessment strategy. The developed problems were first pilot tested and then revised based on the feedback from the test. The final version was field tested by 100 students in 7th grade middle school. After the field test, the problems were graded by two middle school math teachers and one math education researcher to determine the overall correlation between graders and also to analyze effectiveness of the evaluation framework of the test. This result of this study is expected to assist in the further development of descriptive problems and grading framework by providing a reference work for teachers to better understand the process and the limitations of executing the new assessment strategy.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.135-144
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• 2004

K-평균 군집화(K-means clustering)는 고객 세분화(customer segmentation) 등 데이터 마이닝에서 중요한 한 몫을 하는 비지도 학습방법 (unsupervised learning method)이다. K-평균 군집화가 재현성(reproducibility)이 있는가를 보기 위하여, 다수의 기존 연구에서는 관측 자료를 2개 셋으로 나눈 자료 분할(data partitioning) 방법이 활용되고 있다. 본 교신에서 우리는 이보다 개념적으로 명확한 새로운 자료 분할 방법을 제안한다. 이 방법은 관측 자료를 3개 셋으로 나누어 그 중 2개 자료 셋을 독립적인 군집화 규칙을 생성하는 데 사용하고 나머지 1개의 자료 셋을 규칙간 일치성을 테스트하는데 사용한다. 또한 2개의 군집화 규칙간 일치성 평가를 위한 지표로서 엔트로피 기준의 환용 방법을 제시한다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.4241-4254
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• 2019

The efficiency and accuracy of handwriting measurement could be improved by adopting digital image processing. This study developed a computer-based Korean Handwriting Assessment tool. Second graders participated in this study by performing writing tasks of consonants, vowels, words, and sentences. We extracted boundary parameters for each letter using digital image processing and calculated the variables of size, size coefficient of variation (CV), misalignment, inter-letter space, inter-word space, and ratio of inter-letter space to inter-word space. Children were also administered traditional handwriting and visuomotor tests. Digital variables from image processing were correlated with these previous tests. Using these correlations, we established a three-point scoring system that computed test scores for each variable. We analyzed inter-rater reliability between the computer rater and human rater and test-retest reliability between the first and second performances. The validity was examined by analyzing the relationship between the Korean Handwriting Assessment and previous handwriting and visuomotor tests. We suggested the Korean Handwriting Assessment to measure size, size consistency, misalignment, inter-letter space, inter-word space, and space ratio using digital image processing. This Korean Handwriting Assessment tool proved to have reliability and validity. It is expected to be useful for assessing children's handwriting.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.246-252
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• 2015

This paper compared the consistency of the Environment Stress(ES) model and the Potential Risk Assessment Model (PARK model, which was developed based on a Korean mariner risk perception) for the Busan adjacent waterway. Evaluation of accuracy and comparison of these two models have been made by Vessel Traffic Service (VTS) officers in the Busan VTS Centre. The assessment results of Busan waterway show that the PARK model is more consistent than the ES model as follows. (1) The difference between assessment results applying ES model and PARK model with risk degree of VTSOs were 34% and 5% respectively in six typical traffic situations. (2) The assessment using PARK model is more suitable and identical with the VTSOs opinion in his or her duty time.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.131-146
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• 2014

This study examines whether there is discrepancy between elementary and middle school mathematics teachers' beliefs and practices in constructed-response assessment and how their beliefs and practices are interrelated. Analyzing the responses of 212 elementary teachers and 189 middle school mathematics teachers to the questionnaire, we found that there is lack of consistency among elementary and middle school teachers' beliefs, practices, and expected benefits regarding constructed-response assessment. In addition, there was a weak correlation between each group of teachers' beliefs and expected benefits about constructed-response assessment. The results from this study imply that such inconsistency in elementary and middle school teachers' beliefs and practices regarding assessments may determine the effects of constructed-response assessment.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권10호
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• pp.981-988
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• 2020

This study presents meteorological data integrity to improve environmental quality assessment in Yongdam catchment. The study examines both extreme ranges of meteorological data measurements and data reliability which include maximum and minimum temperature, relative humidity, dew point temperature, radiation, heat flux. There were some outliers and missing data from the measurements. In addition, the latent heat flux and sensible heat flux data were not reasonable and evapotranspiration data did not match at some points. The accuracy and consistency of data stored in a database for the study were secured from the data integrity. Users need to take caution when using meteorological data from the Yongdam catchment in the preparation of water resources planning, environmental impact assessment, and natural hazards analysis.