• 보존과학연구
• /
• s.25
• /
• pp.93-117
• /
• 2004

The stone cultural properties durability is the falling. So the conservation is easy relatively. But the conservation countermeasure of the stone cultural properties the environment pollution needed urgently as extreme. I will find out about the stone cultural properties Through the example of Restoration and conservation treatment about Bowonsabeobin-guksaboseungtap in the paper. Damage reasons of the stone cultural properties are a physical damage, a structural damage, a biology damage, a chemical damage and artificial damage. The moisture plays especially the role which damage is make the stone cultural properties. The stone cultural properties is damaged due to damage reasons. So we investigate the stone cultural properties and must remove damage reasons. Bowonsabeobin-guksaboseungtap is funerary stupa of buddhist monk with circleorientedoctagon in Geryeo Period. There is the open air. Parts of it were damaged by grave robbery in 2004. So restoration was begun in 2004.While restoring it, wrong arrangement on top of the monk-stupa was rearranged. After being arranged in right order, the middle of monk-stupa was fixed by setting up stainlesssteel shaft. A roof stone of stupa finial has cracks. So It was adhered with epoxy resin(L-30) and was washed with distilled water for pollution clearing. The stone cultural properties takes the influence of the environment pollution much because it stays at the fields. It is easy also to be robed. Therefore we must watch more with the concern.

• Conservation Science in Museum
• /
• v.14
• /
• pp.115-124
• /
• 2013

Disassembly and restoration work of Janghang-ri Stone Standing Buddha in the outdoor exhibition hall of Gyeongju National Museum were conducted for safe management of the collection due to problems like weathering of bonding materials by the outer environment, fixation of pollutants on the surface, and cracks by unidirectional load of rocks. A drawing was made through three-dimensional precise actual measurement, basic material research was conducted, and cement mortar and resin of the weathered part were removed. The restored part was bonded and restored by new stones using the same kind of rock. In addition, in order to prevent damages from microorganisms, fumigation treatment was made. It is under continuous observation.

• Conservation Science in Museum
• /
• v.9
• /
• pp.59-66
• /
• 2008

At platform-reinforcing side stone plate having been exhibited in outdoor exhibition space of Gyeongju National Museum, split and exfoliation were proceeding due to weathering at joined·restored parts. Accordingly we checked imbibitional minerals in the stone through observation and analysis with polarized microscope, and studied capillary water absorption rate using Schmidt Hammer rebound hardness measurement and Karsten Tube.

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2005.03a
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2005

No one can tell when, exactly, the conservation of potteries & ceramics began, however, according to the documents, it has a long history. Among the materials discovered up to the present, organic adhesives extracted from animals and plants such as bitumen were mainly used and resin, in 19th century, as well. As for inorganic adhesives, clay, lime and plaster were used as well as rivet, as one of mechanical methods. According to the conservation case studies in Korea, lacquer and gilding powdered gold were applied as treatment methods in some ceramics, but, in general, plaster and resins were used widely.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.65 no.7
• /
• pp.47-59
• /
• 2015

This paper studies the conservation treatment of Lady Shim's costume, which was excavated in Jecheon Province in 2012. There were the significant problems, which were encountered in the treatment of the costume ; First the Jeogoris were transformed during the excavation, Second fibers were seriously deteriorated, Third most of the fabrics such as Chusa were readily deformed. To overcome these problems and to secure stability in the conservation treatment, we decided to alternate between two different washing methods ; dry cleaning by n-hexane and wet cleaning by water. The costume shape was recovered by steaming and by swelling with Hanji(Korean traditional paper). The combined cleaning method proved to be relatively efficient and stable. In addition, the shape of Chusa was well preserved by dry cleaning.(using n-hexane also solved the problem of bad smell after washing with organic solvents.) The effects of the conservation treatment on the excavated costumes could be seen in the change of Lab color difference. Washing made the distribution of Lab color difference narrower, which may suggest that the impurities on the fiber was removed by washing. In addition, the value of L was greater than a-value and b-value after the treatment. This result indicates that the change of value represents the change of color difference by cleaning.

• Conservation Science in Museum
• /
• v.5
• /
• pp.5-15
• /
• 2004

The Fine Art Department has sent a list of ceramic ware to the Conservation Science Laboratory of the National Museum of Korea for conservation treatment. The listed ceramic ware will be newly displayed in the ceramic ware gallery of Yongsan Museum after it is opened. Based on the list, Conservation Science Laboratory has been taking special measures to conservation the ceramic ware since 2002. This paper attempts to introduce the process of restoring the Blue-and-white porcelain Jar with phoenix Design (Jubsoo 631) and Celadon peahen-shaped water dropper (Duksoo 5202).

• 보존과학연구
• /
• s.29
• /
• pp.239-254
• /
• 2008

In this division, regarding the establishment of operation system of Conservation Science Center, we have tried to find out research trends and advanced operation system of Italian conservation centers, which play an active part in the field of restoration of cultural properties internationally. And the results will be utilized for the establishment of Conservation Science Center. Italy is a country having a long history of restoring cultural properties. In this field, it is largely divided into research & development institutes. And restoration institute and they are operated under system in which research & development institute implement research projects for restoring cultural properties and restoration specialists take receive the results and utilize them. They have different business processing system compared to Conservation Science Center which will implement research-development and restoration(conservation treatment) concurrently. Each institute, carrying out differentiated and specialized research projects per region, maintains smooth cooperative relationship with national institutes, neighboring universities and even afflated schools through horizontal-mutual collaboration joint research, and sharing of equipments, in the field of cooperation between national institutes, cooperation with neighboring universities, and connection to belonging schools. There institutes show us a good example which can be utilized in the future organizational structure of Conservation Science Center. It is expected that their operation system and possessed technologies such as utilization of human resources pool and cooperation with relevant fields can be used usefully in the management and operation of Conservation Science Center.

• Conservation Science in Museum
• /
• v.7
• /
• pp.3-10
• /
• 2006

The bronze bowl with lid excavated from Eunnyeongchong Tumulus in Gyeongju had been united in the past and then damaged. We removed deteriorated adhesive and other impurities from it and reunited it. Some fragments of the artifact has been lost; in particular, only half of the whole main body remains. Therefore, it needed restoration treatment for exhibition and conservation. The lid, relatively much part of which remains, was treated with the method that could easily detach the restored part; the main body with much restored part was united using epoxy resin so that the restored part could well bear the weight of the artifact.

• Conservation Science in Museum
• /
• v.27
• /
• pp.147-164
• /
• 2022

Over 200,000 Korean cultural heritage items are currently located abroad. They have made their way to 22 countries under different circumstances and with unique backgrounds. While some of them continue to contribute to promoting Korean culture around the world, others cannot be exhibited due to damage or poor condition. In view of these circumstances, the Overseas Korean Cultural Heritage Foundation (OKCHF) has since 2013 provided museums and art galleries abroad with support for the conservation, restoration, and utilization of the Korean cultural heritage items that they house. As a part of these efforts and on the occasion of the 120th anniversary of the diplomatic relationship between the Republic of Korea and the Kingdom of Belgium in 2021, a gilt-bronze case for acupuncture needles dating to the Goryeo period (918-1392) from the collection of the Royal Museums of Art and History (RMAH), Belgium was brought to Korea for conservation treatment. The primary purpose of this conservation treatment was to restore the original form of the relic and slow to the degree possible the progress of corrosion. The conservation treatment of the gilt-bronze case followed the fundamental order of conservation treatment: removal of corrosive substances, stabilization, and reinforcement. Since this was the first case of restoring metallic cultural properties under the abovementioned support program by the OKCHF, special methodologies distinct from those available in overseas institutions were required. Diverse scientific methods (e.g., X-ray inspection, CT scanning, 3D microscopy) were applied to identify the metalcraft techniques used in the Goryeo period. The analysis found that several designs, including lotus and scrollwork, were exquisitely engraved on the surface of the case by making dots using a round-edged chisel. A bronze plate engraved with designs was rolled into a cylindrical form. The ends were overlapped by 2 to 3 centimeters and then attached to each other by silver soldering. The overlapping ends were welded flat with nearly no gaps. As the final process in the production, the case was lavishly gilt with gold powder using amalgam gilding. The conservation treatment of the gilt-bronze case for acupunctural needles in the RMAH collection restored the original form of the relic and arrested further corrosion. Above all, it revived the historic and academic value of the overseas Korean cultural heritage through scientific analysis.

• Conservation Science in Museum
• /
• v.30
• /
• pp.23-46
• /
• 2023

The Jija Chongtong Gun, owned by Seokdang Museum of Dong-A University, is a tubedstyle heavy weapon of the battlefield in the mid-Joseon Dynasty and is the second largest firearm after Cheonja Chongtong. The original surface color of the Jija Chongtong Gun was obscured by foreign substances and therefore it was judged that its condition requires the conservation treatment. For stable conservation treatment, gamma ray and X-ray non-destructive transmission surveys was conducted to determine the internal structure and conservation condition. And the component analysis on the material components and surface contaminants of Jija Chongtong Gun was conducted by utilizing the p-XRF component analysis, SEM-EDS component analysis, and XRD analysis. As a result of the gamma-ray and X-ray non-destructive transmission investigation, a large amount of air bubbles was observed inside Jija Chongtong Gun, and the part that appeared to be a chaplet by visual observation was not identified. As a result of gamma-ray and p-XRF component analysis, it was confirmed that Jija Chongtong Gun was bronze made of copper (Cu), tin (Sn), and lead (Pb) alloy. As a result of surface analysis of foreign substances using SEM-EDS, it was confirmed that the main components of white foreign substances were calcium (Ca), sulfur (S), and titanium (Ti). Titanium was presumed to be titanium dioxide (TiO₂), the main component of white correction fluid. The red foreign substance was confirmed to contain barium (Ba) as its main ingredient, and was presumed to be barium sulfate (BaSO₄), an extender pigment in paint. White and red contaminants, mainly composed of titanium and barium, are presumed to have been deposited on the surface in recent years. The yellow foreign substances were confirmed to be aluminum (Al) and silicon (Si), and were presumed to have originated from soil components. As a result of SEM-EDS and XRD component analysis, the white foreign substance was confirmed to be gypsum (CaS). Based on the results of component analysis, surface impurities were removed, stabilization treatment, and strengthening treatment were performed. During the conservation process, unknown inscriptions Woo (右), Byeong (兵), Sang (上), and Yi (二) were discovered through a portable microscope and precise 3D scanning. In addition, the carving method, depth, and width of the inscription were measured. Woo Byeong Sang is located above Happo Fortress in Changwon, and Yi can be identified as the second hill.