• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.1187-1193
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 웨이블릿 변환 기반의 스케일러블 비디오 부호화의 핵심 요소인 움직임 보상 시간적 필터링 (motion compensated temporal filtering; MCTF)의 성능향상을 위한 효과적인 움직임 예측 기법을 제안한다. MCTF의 성능향상과 밀접한 관련이 있는 픽셀 연결성을 개선하기 위하여 변형 중간값 연산 및 주변 블록의 움직임 벡터를 이용한 움직임 예측 방법으로 움직임 벡터 필드를 평탄화한다. 또한 영상의 복잡도 등의 특성에 따라 가변 블록크기로 움직임 예측을 수행하여 움직임 벡터 필드의 상관도를 더욱 향상시킨다. 제안하는 방법은 시간적 필터링 과정에서 고주파 프레임으로 분해되는 에너지를 줄여 MCTF 및 전체 스케일러블 부호기의 성능을 향상시킨다. 실험결과 기존의 고정 블록크기 전역탐색 방법과 비교하여 제안하는 방법이 시간적 고주파 부대역 프레임에 포함된 에너지를 최대 30.33%까지 감소시키는 것을 확인하였다.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.18-25
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• 2020

In the fifth generation (5G) and beyond 5G (B5G) mobile communication, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has attracted great attention due to higher spectral efficiency and massive connectivity. We investigate the impacts of the channel estimation errors on the bit-error rate (BER) of NOMA, especially with the single-user decoding (SUD) receiver, which does not perform successive interference cancellation (SIC), in contrast to the conventional SIC NOMA scheme. First, an analytical expression of the BER for SUD NOMA with channel estimation errors is derived. Then, it is demonstrated that the BER performance degrades severely up to the power allocation less than about 20%. Additionally, we show that for the fixed power allocation of 10% in such power allocation range, the signal-to-noise (SNR) loss owing to channel estimation errors is about 5 dB. As a consequence, the channel estimation error should be considered for the design of the SUD NOMA scheme.

• 전자공학회논문지S
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• 제34S권7호
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• pp.78-88
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• 1997

A three dimensional-two spatical dimensions plus time-image segmentation is widely used in a very low bit rate image sequence coding because it can solve the region correspondence problem. Mathematical morphology is a very efficient tool for the segmentation because it deals well with geometric features such as size, shape, contrast and connectivity. But if the motion in the image sequence is large in time axis, the conventional 3D morphological segmentation algorithm have difficulty in solving region correspondence problem. To alleviate this problem, we propose the hierarchical image sequence segmentation algorithm that uses the region motion information. Since the motion of a region in previous level affects that in current level uses the previous motion information to increase region correspondence. Simulation result shows improved performance for sequence frames with large motion.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 1999년도 추계종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1089-1092
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• 1999

Applications using 3D models are increasing recently. Since 3D polygonal models are structured by a triangular mesh, the coding of polygonal models in strips of triangles is an efficient way of representing the data. These strips may be very long, and may take a long time to render or transmit. If the triangle strips are partitioned, it may be possible to perform more efficient data transmission in an error-prone environment and to display the 3D model progressively. In this paper, we devised the Component Based Data Partitioning (CODAP) which is based on Topological Surgery (TS). In order to support the error resilience and the progressively build-up rendering, we partition the connectivity, geometry, and properties of a 3D polygonal model. Each partitioned component is independently encoded and resynchronization between partitioned components is done.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.69-81
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• 2021

While the fifth generation (5G) and beyond 5G (B5G) mobile communication networks are being rolled over the globe, several world-wide companies have already started to prepare the sixth generation (6G). Such 6G mobile networks targets ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC). In this paper, we challenge to reduce the inherent latency of existing non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) in 5G networks of massive connectivity. First, we propose the novel unipodal binary pulse amplitude modulation (2PAM) NOMA, especially without SIC, which greatly reduce the latency in existing NOMA. Then, the achievable data rates for the unipodal 2PAM NOMA are derived. It is shown that for unequal gain channels, the sum rate of the unipodal 2PAM NOMA is comparable to that of the standard 2PAM NOMA, whereas for equal gain channels, the sum rate of the unipodal 2PAM NOMA is superior to that of the standard 2PAM NOMA. In result, the unipodal 2PAM could be a promising modulation scheme for NOMA systems toward 6G.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제12권10호
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• pp.4662-4677
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• 2018

The dynamic opportunistic device-to-device (DO-D2D) network will frequently emerge in the fifth generation (5G) wireless communication due to high-density and fast-moving mobile devices. In order to improve the Quality of Experience (QoE) of users with different computing capacity devices in the DO-D2D network, in this paper, we focus on the study of how to reduce the packets retransmission delay and satisfy heterogeneous devices. To select as many devices as possible to transmit simultaneously without interference, the concurrent transmitters-selecting algorithm is firstly put forward. It jointly considers the number of packets successfully received by each device and the device's connectivity. Then, to satisfy different devices' demands while primarily ensuring the base-layer packets successfully received by all the devices, the layer-cooperation instantly decodable network coding is presented, which is used to select transmission packets combination for each transmitter. Simulation results illustrate that there is an appreciable retransmission delay gain especially in the poor channel quality network compared to the traditional base-station (BS) retransmission algorithm. In addition, our proposed algorithms perform well to satisfy the different demands of users with heterogeneous devices.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2024

가시광을 이용하여 정보를 전송하는 가시광통신은 초고속, 초지연, 초연결등의 장점이 있어 6G 통신을 보완하기 위한 하나의 방안으로 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 가시광통신에서 RGB 혼합비율에 의하여 발생하는 성능 열화를 극복하기 위한 연구를 진행하였다. LED 조명을 이용한 가시광통신 시스템은 조명의 역할이 중요한 기능으로 통신을 위해 사용할 경우 RGB 혼합 비율에 따른 성능 차이는 필연적으로 발생한다. 특히, 일정 기준 이하의 빛의 강도를 갖는 경우 시스템 전체의 성능을 열화시키는 문제가 발생한다. 이 연구에서는 RGB 3개의 채널 중 혼합 비율의 차이로 발생하는 통신 시스템에서 일정 성능 이하가 발생할 때, 최고의 성능을 보이는 LED를 제외하고 나머지 2개의 신호를 STBC(Space-Time Block Coding)으로 전송하여 통신의 품질을 보장하는 하이브리드 시스템에 대해서 연구를 진행하였다. 제안 시스템의 성능을 검증하기 위하여 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 수행하였고, 제안 시스템의 성능이 기존 시스템과 비교하여 향상된 것을 볼 수 있다.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 1993년도 Proceedings of International Conference for Agricultural Machinery and Process Engineering
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• pp.1230-1242
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• 1993

In a case of mushroom (Lentinus Edodes L.) , visual features are crucial for grading and the quantitative evaluation of the growth state. The extracted quantitative visual features can be used as a performance index for the drying process control or used for the automatic sorting and grading task. First, primary external features of the front and back sides of mushroom were analyzed. And computer vision based algorithm were developed for the extraction and measurement of those features. An automatic thresholding algorithm , which is the combined type of the window extension and maximum depth finding was developed. Freeman's chain coding was modified by gradually expanding the mask size from 3X3 to 9X9 to preserve the boundary connectivity. According to the side of mushroom determined from the automatic recognition algorithm size thickness, overall shape, and skin texture such as pattern, color (lightness) ,membrane state, and crack were quantified and measured. A portion of t e stalk was also identified and automatically removed , while reconstructing a new boundary using the Overhauser curve formulation . Algorithms applied and developed were coded using MS_C language Ver, 6.0, PC VISION Plus library functions, and VGA graphic function as a menu driven way.

• International Journal of Railway
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.36-40
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• 2016

TETRA communication system is very versatile system which can transmit voice + data and packet data optimized. Direct mode operation permits to connect between mobiles when mobile stain is out of coverage of networks. It can be more secure communication channel for railway signaling systems. Railway signaling systems use many of wayside signal equipment, which require many maintenance efforts and budget. Many railway authorities want to reduce and replace the wayside equipment. Radio based signaling systems are one of candidate for replacing the conventional signaling systems. The radio based signaling systems can replace track circuit and wayside signal. The radio systems permit to connect between control centers and trains. The radio systems have to ensure high quality of the connectivity more or equal to the existed track circuits. We studied the application of TETRA systems for railway radio systems for bridging between train control centers and trains. We provide an operation scenario for radio based train control system to ensure the safety require to the existed trains control system and satisfied the existed operational availability. We showed the data transmission speed, maximum bit error rate, and data coding for the radio-based signal system using TETRA systems.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2021

As the number of connected smart devices and applications increases explosively, the existing orthogonal multiple access (OMA) techniques have become insufficient to accommodate mobile traffic, such as artificial intelligence (AI) and the internet of things (IoT). Fortunately, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) in the fifth generation (5G) mobile networks has been regarded as a promising solution, owing to increased spectral efficiency and massive connectivity. In this paper, we investigate the achievable data rate for non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) with negatively-correlated information sources (CIS). For this, based on the linear transformation of independent random variables (RV), we derive the closed-form expressions for the achievable data rates of NOMA with negatively-CIS. Then it is shown that the achievable data rate of the negatively-CIS NOMA increases for the stronger channel user, whereas the achievable data rate of the negatively-CIS NOMA decreases for the weaker channel user, compared to that of the positively-CIS NOMA for the stronger or weaker channel users, respectively. We also show that the sum rate of the negatively-CIS NOMA is larger than that of the positively-CIS NOMA. As a result, the negatively-CIS could be more efficient than the positively-CIS, when we transmit CIS over 5G NOMA networks.