• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.431-443
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• 1983

A hundred and fifty-one patients with congenital heart disease less than 24 months old underwent intracardiac repairs from January 1982 to July 1983, which consists 24.2% of all the patients with congenital heart diseases operated during the same period. There were 98 patients[64.9%] with acyanotic congenital heart disease and 53 patients[35.1%] with cyanotic congenital heart disease, and 55 patients[36.4%] were less than 1 year of age. Twenty-two patients died within 30 days after surgery and 3 patients died after postoperative 30th day: Ventricular septal defect, four of 90 patients; Tetralogy of Fallot, five of 23 patients; Transposition of great arteries, nine of 17 patients; Tricuspid atresia, four of 5 patients; Pulmonary atresia, all of 2 patients; Single ventricle, one of single patients. Over all mortality was 16.6% and mortality of acyanotic congenital heart disease, cyanotic congenital heart disease and patients less then 1 year of age was 4.1%, 39.6% and 20.0% respectively. Still the mortality of cyanotic congenital heart disease is high. Careful preoperative evaluation of the detailed intracardiac anatomy and hemodynamics of the patients and proper selection of surgical treatment yield better clinical results.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.55 no.8
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• pp.297-300
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• 2012

Symptomatic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in patients with isolated atrial septal defect (ASD) is rare during infancy. We report a case of isolated ASD with severe PAH in an infant who developed airway obstruction as cardiomegaly progressed. The patient presented with recurrent severe respiratory insufficiency and failure to thrive before the repair of the ASD. Echocardiography confirmed volume overload on the right side of heart and severe PAH (tricuspid regurgitation [TR] with a peak pressure gradient of 55 to 60 mmHg). The chest radiographs demonstrated severe collapse of both lung fields, and a computed tomography scan showed narrowing of the main bronchus because of an intrinsic cause, as well as a dilated pulmonary artery compressing the main bronchus on the left and the intermediate bronchus on the right. ASD patch closure was performed when the infant was 8 months old. After the repair of the ASD, echocardiography showed improvement of PAH (TR with a peak pressure gradient of 22 to 26 mmHg), and the patient has not developed recurrent respiratory infections while showing successful catch-up growth. In infants with symptomatic isolated ASD, especially in those with respiratory insufficiency associated with severe PAH, extrinsic airway compression should be considered. Correcting any congenital heart diseases in these patients may improve their symptoms.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.129-135
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• 1982

Congenital pericardial defect is a rare anomaly, which was first described by M. Columbus in 1559. Four hundred years later the first clinical diagnosis was reported by Ellis et al. The congenital pericardial defect Is usually asymptomatic and Is found Incidentally at thoracotomy and autopsy, but it appears that partial absence of pericardium Is not Innocuous because of sudden death due to herniation of a portion of heart. We experienced congenital left pericardial defect in 20 year old female who was diagnosed as left ventricular aneurysm before operation. This patient complained of dyspnea on exertion and anterior chest discomfortness. Physical examination revealed Grade II pansystolic murmur on the 3rd and 4th intercostal space left sternal border. There were specific abnormal findings on the chest plain film, EKG, ultrasonography, and left ventriculography. On 9th July 1981, an operation was performed and found the left partial pericardial defect through which a large portion of left ventricle was herniated Into left pleural space. The method of operation was removal of adhesion and widening of the pericardial defect to avoid Incarceration. After operation, we observed marked Improvement of symptoms and disappearance of cardiac murmur.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.230-240
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• 1977

Atrial septal defect is one of the most frequently encountered congenital heart disease. Up to December 31, 1976, 1682 cardiac patients received cardiac catheterization in the cardiac department of Yonsei university medical college. Out of the 1682 cardiac patients 723 cases had congenital heart disease and only 116 cases had congetial atrial septal defect. This amounted to 16.04% of all those with congenital heart disease. 58 cases of congenital atrial septal defect operated in the chest surgery department were presented. Of these 58 cases of atrial septal defect, 27 cases were male and 31 cases were female. Their ages ranged from 5 years to 54 years. The systolic pressure of the main pulmonary artery of 40 out of the 58 cases of atrial septal defect was below 40% of that of the systemic blood pressure: in 6 cases, the range of the systolic pressure of the main pulmonary artery was 50-90mmHg; in 12 cases, the range of the systolic pressure of the main pulmonary artery was 40-50mmHg. Average age of these was 30. 1 years. This study tends to show that Korean patients with atrial septal defect even though younger have a slight higher systolic pressure of the main pulmonary artery than Western patients have. The pulmonary blood is 1.5-2.5 times of systemic blood flow in 52 cases out of 58 cases of atrial septal defect.In only one of the 58 cases of atrial septal defect, the Rp was found to be as high as 45% of Rs. All other cases were below this level.51 cases had ostium secundum defect, 4 out of these cases had ostium secundum defect combined with mitral incompetence and 6 out of them had double ostium secundum defect. The remaining 7 cases had ostium primum defect. Their atrial defects were repaired under direct vision utilizing extracorporeal circulation, by hemodilution technic combined with moderate hypothermia. 44 cases [2nd atrial septal defect] were repaired by direct sutures while 14 cases, including the 7 cases ostium primum defects needed patches [1 pericardium and 13 teflon patch]. In 4 cases there were single defects while showed two defects. However the associated septal defect was so small that it could be closed by direct sutures. The size of the defect ranged between 6.0cm2and 10.0cm2 in 19 cases[33.7%]: the smallest being 0. 5cm2 and the largest 24cm2. The surgical mortality was 2 cases [3.4%]. These one case with ostium primum defect, could not be resuscitated on operation table. The cause of death in this case was myocardial failure and MI. The other, a case of ostium primum defect had a second operation on the first operative day due to massive bleeding from LV vent-line insertion site.The patient died on 26th post-operative day due to sepsis.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.193-195
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• 2016

The purpose of this report is to introduce persistent left cranial vena cava (PLCVC) with persistent right aortic arch (PRAA) and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Case 1 was a Cocker Spaniel with PRAA and case 2 was a Maltese with PDA. PLCVC was enclosed at the sites of PRAA and PDA surgery; therefore, it was lifted dorsally during PDA and PRAA surgery. Surgery to repair congenital heart defects including PRAA and PDA is recommended for dogs that do not die of PLCVC at a young age.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.56-59
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• 2013

Cardiac surgery in neonates with congenital heart disease has progressed dramatically in the past three decades. However, low-birth-weight neonates with congenital heart disease continue to challenge the intellectual and technical skills of healthcare professionals. We present a case of a low-birth-weight neonate with pulmonary atresia and a ventricular septal defect, in whom palliation was achieved with a right ventricular outflow tract stent using a hybrid procedure.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.5.1-5.6
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• 2024

A 6-month-old male Ragdoll cat presented with exercise intolerance. On physical examination, there was a grade 2/6 systolic murmur at the right apex. Diagnostic tests, including SpO₂ measurement, blood tests, radiography, echocardiography, contrast echocardiography, and electrocardiography, were performed. Severe right atrial dilation, tricuspid valve leaflets and orifice displacement, right ventricular atrialization, septal leaflet adherence, anterior leaflet tethering, and right atrioventricular junction dilation were noted on echocardiography, alongside a right-to-left atrial septal defect. Cor triatriatum dexter and left ventricular aneurysm were observed. We diagnosed this case as having Ebstein anomaly with rare congenital heart deformities; which is rare in cats.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.234-235
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• 1993

We have experienced a case of congenital heart disease who developed pulmonaryaspergilloma and then had open heart surgery associated with pulmonary resection. A 53 year old female patient was admitted of fever and chill without cyanosis and hemoptysis. Chest CT showed cavitary lesion with enhanced wall in right midle lung and huge pulmonary artery. Secundum atrial septal defect was identified by echocardiography and catheterization, preoperatively. The patient was identified finally as atrial septal defect associated with pulmonary aspergilloma, in operation and pathology.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.741-750
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• 1991

Between April, 1986 and July, 1991, 477 patients underwent open heart surgery with hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. There were 242 patients [50.7%] of acyanotic congenital anomalies, 34 patients [7.1%] of cyanotic congenital anomalies, and 187 patients [39.2%] of acquired heart diseases, 8 patients [1.7%] of coronary artery diseases, and 6 patients [1.3%] of mixed anomalies. Among the 276 congenital cardiac anomalies, 147 patients [53.3%] were male and 129 patients [46.7%] were female, ranged in age from 2 years to 58 years. Among the 187 acquired heart diseases, 72 patients [38.5%] were male and 115 patients [61.5%] were female, ranged in age from 10 years to 68 years. The common congenital defect were VSD and ASD in acyanotic cardiac patients, and TOF in cyanotic cardiac patients. Among the 187 acquired heart diseases, 180 patients underwent operation for cardiac valvular diseases, 4 patients were resected left atrial myxoma, and 3 patients underwent operation for aortic regurgitation with ascending aortic aneurysm. The operative mortality rate was 1.2% in acyanotic cardiac patients, 11.8% in cyanotic cardiac patients, and 6.9% in acquired cardiac patients, with overall mortality rate 4.2%.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 1980

In 1979 during the period of about 10 months 320 cases of open heart surgery were done in Seoul National University Hospital. There were 220 Congenital anomaly cases consisting of 113 acyanotic and 107 cyanotic varieties, and 1 O0 acquired cardiac lesions. Out of 100 acquired lesions 96 were valvular cues. Among 97 valve replacement cases 3 were Ebstein anomaly treated with plication and tricuspid valve replacement. Operative mortality rate for congenital anomaly was 10.6%, with 2.7% for acyanotic and 22.4% for cyanotic group. For acquired lesions over all operative mortality was 7%. Tetralogy of Fallot, ventricular septal defect, and atrial septal defect were the 3 main congenital anomalies, with 88 cues, 69 cases, and 27 cues respectively. In 61 simple ventricular septal defect without other anomalies operative mortality rate was 1.6%, in 27 atrial septal defect no death and, in tetralogy of Fallot 12.2%. Among 69 ventricular septal defect cases 19[27.5%] type I VSDs, after Kirklin-Becu classification, were found, rather high relative incidence of type I compared with Caucasian patients. Among 97 valve replacement cases 20 double valves were replaced-11 mitral with aortic and 9 mitral with tricuspid valves. Over all operative mortality rate for valve replacement was 8.2% with 3.3% in 61 mitral valve replace-merit. The over all operative mortality rate for 320 open heart surgery cases was 10.6%. Bubble type oxygenator and xenograft bioprosthetic valves were utilized In almost all cases.