• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.117-136
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze changes in high-tech fashion along with the types and characteristics of high-tech fashion that have appeared recently providing diverse material for the fashion field. High-tech fashion requires such research to learn how much distance one has in one's life. It is also meaningful to predict what direction high-tech fashion research may be needed. For research methods, previous research and literary studies were considered and photographs in which high-tech techniques were used were collected using the keyword 'high-tech fashion'. High-tech fashion types can be organized into the four types of luminescent types, mutual interaction types, 3D printing fashion, and virtual fashion. The research results were as follows. First, luminescent fashion was an important expression method of high-tech fashion. Materials for luminescent fashion first started with LED electric wire connections and many methods have been attempted with the appearance of electrically conductive clothing material, such as luminescent lasers and beam projectors. Second, interactive high-tech fashion often appears as variable fashion. The work of Hussein Chalayan, which was combined with advanced technology, set up a base for variable type interactive high-tech fashion in the 2000s. As bioengineering technology has developed, fashion that interacts with the environment without an energy source has appeared and the interaction among fashion, people, and the environment can be seen. Third, diverse forms of expressiveness in virtual reality such as 3D CLO shows a great difference with past high-tech fashion. Simple and diverse attempts made through virtual fittings reduce the limitations of time and space, permit interaction, and add a sense of reality through speed and dynamic physical beauty. Fourth, 3D printed fashion expresses complex and detailed clothing material that is different from those before with the development of computer 3D modeling technology. Modeling that can imitate geometric and bio-engineered structures is possible and mysterious feelings are passed on to people through creative expressions.

• Composites Research
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.401-407
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• 2016

IPMC is composed of thin ion conductive polymer film sandwiched between metallic electrodes plated on both surfaces. Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite (IPMC) generates voltages when bent by mechanical stimuli. IPMC has a potential for the variety of energy harvesting applications due to its soft and hydrophilic characteristics. However, the large-scale implementation is necessary to increase the output power. In this paper, the scale-up of surface area effect on voltage generation characteristics of IPMC was investigated using IPMC samples with different surface areas. Also, a circuit model simulating both the output voltage and its offset variations was designed for estimating the voltages from IPMC samples. The proposed model simulated the output voltages with offsets well corresponding to various frequencies of input bending motion. However, some samples showed that the increase of error between real and simulated voltages with time due to the nonlinear characteristic of offset variations.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.411-415
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• 2020

In this article, the preparation of hydrogels containing conducting polymer@lignin hybrids and their application to sensing materials were demonstrated using diverse techniques. A conducting polymer, polypyrrole (PPy) was polymerized on the surface of lignin and successful formation was analyzed with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Subsequently, PPy@lignin hybrids were mixed with a hydrogel matrix to obtain a conductive hydrogel. The feasibility of using the hydrogel as a sensing material was shown by obtaining reasonable sensing signals using various electrical measurements when adding solvents and solutions to the sensor system. The significance of sensor signals was confirmed with complementary experiments. This study shows that the hydrogel containing the PPy@lignin could be used for sensor applications.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.2221-2224
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• 2014

Objective: To explore the relationship between expressions of cell adhesion molecules CD44 v6 and E-cadherin (E-cad) and lymphatic metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods: Eightyseven tissue samples obtained from patients with primary NSCLC were collected in our hospital from Dec., 2007 to Dec., 2012, and the expressions of CD44 v6 and E-cad gene proteins in these samples were detected by immunohistochemical method. Results: In the tissue without lymphatic metastasis, the positive expression rate of CD44 v6 was significantly lower, whereas the normal expression rate of E-cad was notably higher than that with lymphatic metastasis (55.6% vs. 78.4%, 47.2% vs. 21.6%), and both differences had statistical significance (P<0.05). Besides, CD44 v6 and E-cad expressions had a significant correlation in the NSCLC tissue with lymphatic metastasis (P<0.05). Conclusions: The positive expression of CD44 v6 and abnormal expression of E-cad may play a very important role in promoting lymphatic metastasis of NSCLC, with synergistic effect. Hence, detection of CD44 v6 and E-cad expressions is conductive to judging the lymphatic metastasis in NSCLC.

• Composites Research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.68-73
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• 2003

Interfacial properties and electrical sensing fer fiber fracture in carbon and SiC fibers/epoxy composites were investigated by the electrical resistance measurement and fragmentation test. As fiber-embedded angle increased, the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) of two-type fiber composites decreased, and the elapsed time takes long until the infinity in electrical resistivity. The initial slope of electrical resistivity increased rapidly to the infinity at higher angle, whereas electrical resistivity increased gradually at small angle. Furthermore, both fiber composites with small embedded angle showed a fully-developed stress whitening pattern, whereas both composites with higher embedded angle exhibited a less developed stress whitening pattern. As embedded angle decreased, the gap between the fragments increased and the debonded length was wider for both fiber composites. Electro-micromechanical technique could be a feasible nondestructive evaluation to measure interfacial sensing properties depending on the fiber-embedded angle in conductive fiber reinforced composites.

• Composites Research
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.39-46
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• 2000

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) cuts metal by discharging electric current across a thin gap between tool and workpiece. Electrical discharge wire cutting, a special form of EDM, uses a continuously moving conductive wire as an electrode, and is widely used for the manufacture of punches, dies and stripper plates. In the wire cutting process, the moving wire is usually supported by cantilever arm and wire guides. As the wire traveling speed has been increased in recent years to improve productivity, the vibration of the cantilever arm occurs, which reduces the positional accuracy of the machine. Therefore, the design and manufacture of the cantilever arm with high dynamic characteristics have become important as the machining speed increases. In this paper, the cantilever arm for guiding the moving wire was designed and manufactured using carbon fiber epoxy composite in order to improve the static and dynamic characteristics. Specimens for the composite cantilever arm were manufactured and tested to investigate the effect of the number of reinforcing plies and length fitted to steel flange on the load capacity. Also, the finite element analysis using layer and contact elements was performed to compare the calculated results with the experimental ones. From the results, the prototype of the composite cantilever arm for the electrical discharge wire cutting machine was manufactured and the static and dynamic characteristics were compared with those of the conventional steel cantilever arm.

• Composites Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2013

CNT-polypropylene (PP) composites were compounded by solvent dispersion method with uniform dispersion by using twin screw extruder. Damage sensing effects based on conductive carbon nanotubes (CNT) were evaluated to monitor the internal damage of CNT-PP composites using electrical resistance measurement. Mechanical and interfacial properties of CNT-PP composites were investigated and compared with neat PP. The mechanical properties of PP matrix were improved after adding CNT, because of the reinforcing effect of CNT fillers. In order to monitor the internal damage of CNT-PP composite, the change in electrical resistance of the composites was measured under fatigue loading and bending tests. CNT fillers exhibited good sensing under electrical resistance measurements. It is shown that CNT-PP composites with low CNT contents allow identifying critical cyclic loading, which are found to be accompanied with the internal failure.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.37 no.9
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• pp.873-877
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• 2013

The application of inkjet technology has been broadening from home printers to manufacturing tools. Recently, there have been demands for high-resolution printing, especially in the field of printed electronics applications. To improve upon the conventional inkjet printing patterning method, electrohydrodynamic (EHD) inkjet technology has recently attracted attention because droplets smaller than the nozzle diameter can be ejected and materials with wider viscosity range can be used for jetting. In this study, an EHD jet printing system for fine patterning is presented. To print various patterns based on drop on demand printing, vector and raster printing algorithm are implanted in the printing software. Fine conductive patterns with line width of less than $7{\mu}m$ can be easily achieved via EHD jet using a nozzle with inner diameter of $8{\mu}m$.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.85-92
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• 2015

The 50 mole% HCl doped polyaniline(PAni) was synthesized by polymerization of aniline in the presence of hydrochloric acid and ammonium persulfate(APS) as dopant and oxidant, respectively. Then, conducting biodegradable cellulose acetate composite films were also prepared with PAni in acetone to find their applicability to antistatic packaging materials. The tensile strength of PCA05 film with 5 wt% of PAni was decreased by 27% from $377.1kg_f/cm^2$ for CA film itself to $275.2kg_f/cm^2$. Elongation was also decreased from 7.65% to 4.35%. Surface registance of $7.0{\times}10^9{\Omega}/sq$ could be achieved for the PCA containing 5 wt% of PAni. Therefore, this PCA05 film can be applied to antistatic package film for electronic board. In addition, decomposition temperature of these PCA films obtained by thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) was decreased with the amount of PAni in PCA films, and the final weight of char was directly proportional to PAni contents. From this thermal result we can calculate the content of PAni in unknown PCA films.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.95-95
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• 2014

An OLED(Organic Light-Emitting Diode) device based on the emissive electroluminescent layer a film of organic materials. OLED is used for many electronic devices such as TV, mobile phones, handheld games consoles. ULVAC's mass production systems are indispensable to the manufacturing of OLED device. ULVAC is a manufacturer and worldwide supplier of equipment and vacuum systems for the OLED, LCD, Semiconductor, Electronics, Optical device and related high technology industries. The SMD Series are single-substrate sputtering systems for deposition of films such as metal films and TCO (Transparent Conductive Oxide) films. ULVAC has delivered a large number of these systems not only Organic Evaporating systems but also LTPS CVD systems. The most important technology of thin-film encapsulation (TFE) is preventing moisture($H_2O$) and oxygen permeation into flexible OLED devices. As a polymer substrate does not offer the same barrier performance as glass substrate, the TFE should be developed on both the bottom and top side of the device layers for sufficient lifetimes. This report provides a review of promising thin-film barrier technologies as well as the WVTR(Water Vapor Transmission Rate) properties. Multilayer thin-film deposition technology of organic and inorganic layer is very effective method for increasing barrier performance of OLED device. Gases and water in the organic evaporating system is having a strong influence as impurities to OLED device. CRYO pump is one of the very useful vacuum components to reduce above impurities. There for CRYO pump is faster than conventional TMP exhaust velocity of gases and water. So, we suggest new method to make a good vacuum condition which is CRYO Trap addition on OLED evaporator. Alignment accuracy is one of the key technologies to perform high resolution OLED device. In order to reduce vibration characteristic of CRYO pump, ULVAC has developed low vibration CRYO pumps to achieve high resolution alignment performance between Metal mask and substrate. This report also includes ULVAC's approach for these issues.