• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.13-18
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• 2003

Heat pipes with binary mixture fabricated and tested for applications where condenser temperature is in a range of $10^{\circ}C$ to $130^{\circ}C$. The pipe materials 8.0 mm O.D. cupper tube and the working fluids are ethanol-water mixtures. The total length of test of the heat pipe was 1710mm in which evaporator section was 1570mm, adiabatic section was 50mm and condenser section was 90mm. Mixing ratios of ethanol and water could be variable in mole fraction. Temperature of condenser section was $10^{\circ}C$, $80^{\circ}C$ and $130^{\circ}C$. Heat pipe performance experimental study was accomplished with change of mixing ratio in these temperatures. The fill charge ratio was 20% of the heat pipe volume. Wick structure was woven-wire and method of experimental work was that thermal load was increased 20W step until the heat pipe wall temperature reached at $150^{\circ}C$. Results were following: At coolant $10^{\circ}C$ and $130^{\circ}C$, mixing ratio that have beat thermal performance was 0.8M+ and at coolant $80^{\circ}C$, was 0.3 ${\sim}$ 0.5 M+.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.816-823
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• 2005

This paper deals with the heat exchange performance prediction of a counter flow type double-tube condenser for natural refrigerant mixtures composed of Propane/n-Butane or Propane/i-Butane in a smooth tube and a micro-fin tube. The local characteristics of heat transfer, mass transfer and pressure drop are calculated using a prediction method developed by the authors. The total pressure drop and the overall heat transfer coefficient are also evaluated on various heat exchange conditions. The calculated results of the natural refrigerant mixtures are compared with HCFC22. In conclusion, natural refrigerant mixtures composed of Propane/n-Butane or Propane/i-Butane are appropriate candidates for alternative refrigerant from the viewpoint of heat transfer characteristics.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.1294-1299
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• 2009

Since the operating pressure of $CO_2$ gascooler is so high compared with that of previous subcritical condenser, the optimization of gascooler is needed for improve heat exchanger performance. In this study, the performance characteristics of five kinds of heat exchangers were analyzed and compared with operating conditions. As a result, the 4-20 HX-tube shows the maximum gascooler capacity because the heat transfer is effective and pressure drop is small. Beside, the high performance of 4-20 HX-tube could be keep for wide operating condition.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2000.04b
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• pp.90-95
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• 2000

Condensation heat transfer experiments for R-22 and R-407C refrigerants mixed with mineral oil and POE oil respectively were performed in straight and U-bend sections of a microfin tube. Experimental parameters were an oil concentration from 0 to 5%, a mass flux from 100 to $400 kg/m^2s$ and an inlet quality from 0.5 to 0.9. The enhancement factors for R-22 and R-407C refrigerants at the first straight section decreased continuously as the oil concentration increased. They decreased rapidly as the mass flux decreased and inlet quality increased. The heat transfer coefficients in the U-bend were the maximum at the $90^{\circ}$ position. The heat transfer coefficients at the second straight section within the dimensionless length of 48 were larger by a maximum of 33% than the average heat transfer coefficients at the first straight section.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.748-755
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• 2004

Flow boiling heat transfer in small-diameter round tubes has been experimentally studied. The experimental apparatus consisted mainly of refrigerant pump, condenser, receiver, test section of a 1.67 mm inner-diameter round tube and pre-heater for control of refrigerant quality at the inlet of test section. To investigate the effect of bubble nucleation site characteristics of different tube materials, three different tubes of copper, aluminum and brass were used. The ranges of the major experimental parameters were 5∼30 ㎾/$m^2$ of the wall heat flux, 0.0∼0.9 of the inlet vapor quality and the refrigerant mass flux was fixed at 600 kg/$m^2$s. The experimental results showed that the flow boiling heat transfer coefficients in small tubes were affected only by heat flux, but independent of mass flux and vapor quality. The effect of tube material on flow boiling heat transfer was observed small.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.928-936
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• 1999

An experimental study was performed to investigate characteristics of an inverter driven water-to-water refrigeration system with a variation of compressor frequencies and expansion devices. The frequency of a compressor varied from 30Hz to 75Hz, and performance of the systems applying three different expansion devices such as capillary tube, thermostatic expansion valve(TXV), and electronic expansion valve(EEV) were measured. The load conditions were altered by varying the temperature of the secondary fluid entering condenser and evaporator with a constant flow rate. When the test conditions were deviated from the standard value(rated value), TXV and EEV showed better performance than capillary tube due to optimum control of mass flow rate and superheat. In the present study, it was observed that the variable area expansion device had better performance than constant area expansion device in an inverter refrigeration system due to active control of flow area with a change of compressor frequency and load conditions.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.75-78
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• 2003

These experiments is to determine design equations for heat transfer and for pressure drop in a new designed heat exchanger with the waved circular fin tube bundles under various experimental conditions. The results with waved circular fin tube bundles are compared with those with the flat circular fin tube bundles. Heat transfer coefficients in the waved circular fin tubes were enhanced to about 50％ in comparison with those in the flat circular fin tubes, This is expected to reduce the capacity of a heat exchanger up to 30％.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.22-32
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• 1998

Separate type thermosyphon has larger critical heat flux than non-loop type thermosyphon, because the flooding phenomenon of vapor and liquid occurring in non-loop one does not occur. The experimental study has been carried out separate type thermosyphon with single tube. An investigation of heat transfer characteristics in separate type thermosyphon is performed experimentally. Heat transfer coefficients in an evaporator and condenser were measured experimentally. The effects of liquid filling ratio, height difference, cooling temperature and heat flux on the heat transfer coefficients were examined. As a result, the reasonable range of the liquid filling ratio and the dependence of heat transfer on vapor temperature and heat flux are obtained.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.31-37
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• 2006

In this study, the ability for the function of double pipe inserted liquid pipe with small diameter in the gas pipe with large diameter for the circulating of liquid of high temperature and high pressure and low temperature and low pressure at the same time is presented. And in this double pipe, liquid pipe of high temperature and pressure is used to connect condenser and expansion valve and gas pipe of low temperature is used to connect evaporator and compressor. Also, when liquid refrigerant of high temperature and gas refrigerant of low temperature is circulated by reversed flow in the double pipe. The contribution of liquid gas heat exchange pipe is studied by comparison of the effect of heat transfer by temperature difference when liquid pipe and gas pipe is installed separately.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.50-56
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• 2008

Experimental results for forced convection condensation of Refrigerant-22 and ternary Refrigerant-407C(HFC-32/125/134a 23/25/52 wt%) which is being considered as a substitute R-22 inside a horizontal micro-fin tube are presented. The test section was horizontal double-tube counterflow condenser with a length 4,000 mm micro-fin tube, having 8.53 mm ID, 0.2 mm fin height and 60 fins. The range of parameters of mass velocity were varied from 102.1 to 301.0 kg/(m2.s) and inlet quality 1.0. At the given experimental conditions. the average heat transfer coefficients for R-407C were lower than that for R-22 at a micro-fin tube. Over the mass velocity range tested. the PF(penalty factor) for R-22, R-407C were lower than the increasing ratio of heat transfer area by fins, and the EF(enhancement factor) for R-22, R-407C were higher than the increasing ratio of heat transfer area by fins.