• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.47-58
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• 1995

This study was performed to test the validity and reliability of the Health Self-Determinism Index for Children(HSDI-C), an instrument designed to measure dimensions and strength of motivation in health behavior, to improve the applicability of the tool through application to the various samples. The convenient sample of 148 (boys=75, girls=72 third grade=42, fourth grade=22, fifth grade=32, sixth grade=52 : Caucasian=72, Asian=30, African=19) comprised the children at a chatholic elementary school in Chicago. The children completed English version of HSDI-C from December 5th, 1994 to January l0th, 1995. The findings were as follows : 1. Four factors of HSDI-C were isolated through the principal component analysis and oblique rotation, and explained 48% of the variance in total score. Low correlations among four factors were anticipated because each factor contributed uniquely, All items of the tool loaded above .30 on one of 4 factors. But items loaded on each factor in this study were very different from those in the previous studies. 2. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for internal consistency was .81 for the total items and .57∼ .81 for 4 subscales. 3. The differences of HSDI-c mean scores between boys and girls and that of among races were not statistically signifcant, but the mean score of girls and the Caucasian were relatively high. The total mean score of the scale was highest at the 3rd grade, decreased at the 4th or 5th grade, and reincreased at the 6th grade. The trend of mean score of four subscales was similar to that of total mean score. According to the results, suggested below : 1. The items loaded on each factor in this study were very different from those in the previous studies. To clear away the problem of the conceptual confusion, HSDI-C needs to be performed to various and large samples. 2. Unexpectedly, the HSDI-C mean score decreased at middle school age. A longitudinal study will be helpful to search for the change trend of the intrinsic motivation. 3. To improve the applicabilty of the HSDI-C, various reliability and validity test methods besides factor analysis or internal consistency are recommended.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.570-583
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• 2020

The fashion industry is accountable for labor and environment-related issues. With such issues raised, consumers' social responsibility for environmental and labor issues has become an important factor that shapes the perception of companies. This study investigates the relationship between consumer values, concerns regarding social issues, and willingness to pay a premium for ethical fashion products. This study included two exogenous variables of altruistic value and egocentric value. In the conceptual model, consumers' social responsibility was conceptualized as two constructs of environmental consciousness and labor-issue consciousness. It was then analyzed as mediating variables. Willingness to pay a premium for ethical fashion products was the endogenous variable. Data was collected and analyzed with PLS-SEM from 600 consumers. The assessment of discriminant validity and construct validity using CFA were conducted before analyzing the model. Structural equation modeling results revealed that altruistic value directly influenced environmental consciousness and labor-issue consciousness. However, egocentric value was directly and significantly influenced only by labor-issue consciousness. Both environmental and labor issue consciousness directly influenced customers' willingness to pay a premium, but did not significantly change their willingness to pay a premium. Two-stage serial mediation analysis results indicated that the constructs did not have a significant mediation effect on the exogenous variables (altruistic value and egocentric value) and the endogenous variable (willingness to pay a premium) for ethical fashion products. This study found the influence of consumer's personal values on their willingness to pay a higher price for ethical fashion products.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.162-177
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• 2020

Background: Ecologists have achieved much progress in the study of mechanisms that maintain species coexistence and diversity. In this paper, we reviewed a wide range of past research related to these topics, focusing on five theoretical bodies: (1) coexistence by niche differentiation, (2) coexistence without niche differentiation, (3) coexistence along environmental stress gradients, (4) coexistence under non-equilibrium versus equilibrium conditions, and (5) modern perspectives. Results: From the review, we identified that there are few models that can be generally and confidently applicable to different ecological systems. This problem arises mainly because most theories have not been substantiated by enough empirical research based on field data to test various coexistence hypotheses at different spatial scales. We also found that little is still known about the mechanisms of species coexistence under harsh environmental conditions. This is because most previous models treat disturbance as a key factor shaping community structure, but they do not explicitly deal with stressful systems with non-lethal conditions. We evaluated the mainstream ideas of niche differentiation and stochasticity for the coexistence of plant species across salt marsh creeks in southwestern Denmark. The results showed that diversity indices, such as Shannon-Wiener diversity, richness, and evenness, decreased with increasing surface elevation and increased with increasing niche overlap and niche breadth. The two niche parameters linearly decreased with increasing elevation. These findings imply a substantial influence of an equalizing mechanism that reduces differences in relative fitness among species in the highly stressful environments of the marsh. We propose that species evenness increases under very harsh conditions if the associated stress is not lethal. Finally, we present a conceptual model of patterns related to the level of environmental stress and niche characteristics along a microhabitat gradient (i.e., surface elevation). Conclusions: The ecology of stressful systems with non-lethal conditions will be increasingly important as ongoing global-scale climate change extends the period of chronic stresses that are not necessarily fatal to inhabiting plants. We recommend that more ecologists continue this line of research.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제28권7호
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• pp.775-788
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• 2007

본 연구는 예비 중등교사들을 대상으로 지구 내부에서의 방사성 동위원소에 대한 예비 중등교사의 대안개념의 구조를 이해하는 것이다. 그들의 대안개념의 구조를 Lakatos의 방법론을 기준틀로 한 Niaz(1998)의 제안을 사용하여 분석하였다. 이 연구는 사범대학 과학교육과 $3{\sim}4$학년 17명을 대상으로 하였다. 연구 방법으로는 개방형 질문지법(open-ended written questionnaire)을 사용하였다. 연구 결과, 예비 중등교사들은 지구내부에서 방사성 동위원소의 붕괴의 설명은 지층의 높은 열과 압력이 그들의 대안개념에 가장 큰 영향을 주고 있었다. 또한 우리가 제안한 과학개념구성을 위한 과학 철학적 수업전략에 따른 그들의 개념변화를 조사하였다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.85-94
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• 2006

Due to multidisciplinary characteristic of the Interior Design field, it has developed into complex interdisciplinary field. Therefore Interior Design field has grown and established its major trends dependent upon other related field of study. With this perspective in mind, esthetics on Interior Design has to be treated in similar manner. In modem architects or artists have defined the terminology 'object' theoretical principle where by unable to distinguish between 'object's type' and 'objects', Presently, the term 'object' became a trend word. In order to confront misconception of the idea of 'Objectification', some people definition as reflection of this complex society. In this paper, it will establish a solid groundwork for a discussion on Objectification. The initial approach will deal with Le Corbusier and esthetics, which is the center of argument. By reviewing theoretical background of the related modern art, the paper discusses about the relationship between Le Corbusier and esthetics. Subsequently, the discussion about the criterions necessary to define object is provided. This paper only suggests a methodology of analyzing a trend in Interior Design. The condition to define Objectification in Interior Design, which is a result of the reviewing process on esthetics, can be concluded as 'modeling form(transformation of morphological meaning with change wrought by causing a visual reaction)', 'mixtures and modification of materials(transformation and spontaneity through mixing materials)' and 'elements greatly influence space' of the Interior Design.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2010

Patterns are symbolic expressions of life style or sentiment of people as a product of culture. Furthermore, it is a type of language that the shape or implication does not change much over time. Patterns shown on the Korean medical containers are related to human life and health that they are not very diverse and splendid but closed used in real life. The medical containers include the alcohol container or tea-ware in broad sense, but under this study, it would be handled only for the Korean medical containers directly used to protect human health and treatment of diseases. They would be the Medicine Mortar and Pestle that is used to grind the herbal medical ingredients, pots that hold the liquid decoction, containers to keep the medical ingredients in general conceptual use for medical purposes. The patterns inscribed are classified in animal pattern, plant pattern or alphabet pattern. Turtle, crane, ginseng, and life patterns have the contemplation to pray for long life without disease or good fortune, while plum pattern, dragon pattern and the like are used in the medical containers used mainly in royal families with the social status and dignity shown. As such, patterns have not only ornament elements but also the symbolic implication to represent long life without illness for human. It provides the basic data of medical wisdom contained in the pattern and willingness of human to protect life from illness. On the basis of such research, it would require ensuing studies to make comparison and analysis with the medical containers with the patterns in the adjacent countries in the days to come.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제46권7호
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• pp.583-591
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• 2018

본 논문에서는 하나의 큰 태양전지판 전개시험을 위해 새로운 전개시험장치를 제안하였다. 지상에서 전개시험을 수행하기 위해서는 궤도에서와 유사한 무중력 환경을 만들기 위해 중력 보상을 고려한 장치를 사용해야 한다. 기존에 주로 사용되는 전개시험장치를 시험하고자 하는 태양전지판 전개에 적용 가능한지 판단하기 위해 간단한 개념설계, 해석 그리고 시험 등을 통해 장단점을 분석하였다. 지상 시험의 문제점인 공기저항 문제를 해결하기 위해 더미 프레임을 제안하였으며 중력축과의 정렬 문제를 해결하기 위해 전개 장치에 자동조심 베어링 및 조절나사를 적용하였다. 그리고 테잎 스프링 힌지축의 변화를 보상하기 위해 반지름 방향 이동을 위한 수평 이동 베어링이 적용되었다. 이로부터 본 논문에서 전개하고자 하는 태양전지판에 특성화된 새로운 전개시험장치를 개발하고 검증함으로써 기존 전개시험장치의 문제점을 해결하였다.

• 과학교육연구지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.57-77
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• 2014

A longitudinal study traced changes in students' understanding of Nature Of science (NOS) through the public secondary science education in Ontario Canada. Although the concepts of NOS are complicated, and students' understandings are not easy to change, not many longitudinal studies have been done across the world. The current study tried to identify the changes of participating students' understandings of NOS for two and half years of public secondary science education in Ontario Canada. Pretest was administered using Views of Nature of Science (VNOS-C) when six participants graduated from a middle school of Toronto. Two and half years of secondary education, the posttest was carried out using the same instrument. After pre and posttest, probing interviews were performed. The analysis of the data was founded on the Standards and the conceptual framework for this study. The findings were that the initial views have little changed. Most examples and explanations the participants provided were from their science classes. Lab activities for confirming the existing laws and theories and observable photos in science textbooks made students regard the knowledge as a truth. Naturally, their knowledge has been expanded for 2 and 1/2 years, but this expansion of scientific knowledge led students toward Universalist views on science. On the other hand, when science was presented with a historical approach or was networked with other concepts, students acknowledged science and scientific knowledge had been induced from inferences as well as observations and experimental results. Based on the findings the authors of this research suggest that educating the knowledge of science should be historical and networked approaches rather than teaching the knowledge as concise and true statements of the nature.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.58-67
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• 1998

전시는 사회의 미래지향적인 변화와 기존 문화와의 상호영향에 관한 이해를 우선적으로 요구한다. 전시기획과 설계와 관련된 기초적이고 일반적인 연구에 대해서는 많은 문헌이 존재한다. 그러나 국제적 규모로 개최되는 박람회장의 전시에 대한 구체적인 연구사례는 극히 미미한 실정이다. 이와 관련하여 본연구에서는 특히 박람회장 내의 특수전시연출과 전시기획에 초점을 맞추었다. 전시연출기범에 혁신을 일으키며 환상적인 공간창출을 한 적절한 사례로 일본 국제 과학기술박람회(THE INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITION ' 85 TSUKUBA), 세계 디자인박람회(THE WORLD DESIGN EXPOSITION ' 89 NAGOYA), 국제 꽃 박람회(THE INTERNATIONAL GARDEN AND GREENERY EXPOSITION ' 90 OSAKA)등을 선정하여 개념적 특성을 검토하였다. 전시기획의 사례로 대전 엑스포 ' 93중 정부관을 선정하여 기본이념과 주제를 가장 효율적으로 표현할 수 있는 전시설계의 기본방향과 구성, 전시배치, 특수효과 시스템 개념에 대헤 총체적 연구를 수행하였다.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.231-236
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• 2007

The aspects of contemporary society change have been changed rapidly running for function value on the part of part industrialization and information-oriented. The transfer to the society focused on a human being emphasis and symbol value is in progress rising with natural desire of recurrence of human nature accordingly and desires of a human being inborn of sensitivity-oriented and pluralism-oriented are being expressed. Answering these social and cultural demands, concerns about an arbitrary mind world of a human being and pursuit dispositions about impractical and transcendental world are coincided with to the purpose and so various kinds of expressions except for art sphere are being experimented and applied. Here upon also in the field of the contemporary interior design, answering sensual desire of users, various arts and cultural tendency, the concept of surrealism is being applied in design introducing the concept of surrealism positive. And fantastical and unreasonable expression features of surrealism are being used as subjective essential elements to make new spaces. Especially amoung various kinds of the interiors designs, the features like surrealistic expressions in Food & Beverage Space which proper identity and strong symbolism will be expressed can be recognized as appropriate expression patterns to give still more sensitivity stimuli to customers. Thus this research disclosed conceptual and ideological background of surrealism and also analyzed and studied surrealistic expression features applied to the interiors designs of Contemporary Food & Beverage Space through expression disposition, study and classification of techniques. And standing on the result of analyzing surrealistic expression features of Contemporary Food & Beverage Space with a key word of expression features derived we groped for estatescape trend demanded in Food & Beverage Space and direction coming.