• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 2018

This research is to analyze the change of pupil size in gender through the eye-tracking experiment in large complex cultural space. It is meaningful that figured out the common characteristics and differences from gender observation characteristics. Through this research, the analyzed results of the observation time measurement that appeared from the fixation and saccades pupil indicator able to define as follows. Firstly, it was suggested that there were differences between each gender and participants through extract pupil size that can be the standard examples for the case from male and female and the process of extracting the relative pupil size change on the hourly range. From the specific time range, it was possible to indicate bending characteristics and reversal phenomena of Fixation and Saccades. Second, the result was found equally from both male and female group that the rapid increment of pupil size at initial time range immediately after the eye-tracking experiment has been initiated. This can be considered to actively accepting the stress given by the subject through the extended pupil after 10 seconds that compare to indicated very low pupil size between 0 to 10 seconds after starting the experiment. Third, meanwhile 0 to 10 seconds after initial observation are the time of sudden change in the pupil size, therefore these time range data cannot be regarded as observed in the appropriate condition. Thus, it able to define the highest times of emotional processing for male as 10 to 80 seconds, and for female as 10 to 70 seconds. There was no definition of the time range data for observation experiment from previous research, this data can be considered to stable time to observation through the pupil extension. Therefore, it is possible to set suitable time of observation experiment to be around 70 to 80 seconds exclude initial experiment time.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.136-144
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• 2018

The Ministry of the Environment conducts a water environment management plan and TMDL(Total Maximum Daily Load) for integrated watershed management, and determines whether the target water quality is achieved using water quality monitoring data. The concentration of monitoring points located in the downstream of the watershed is the outcome of complicated mechanisms such as influx of pollutants from the tributaries of the watershed and self-purification of river water. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of main stream and tributary water quality on the target water quality point using the water pollution source tracking and exceedance rate of watershed. In this study, FDC and exceedance rate analysis were performed on six water quality items including BOD and T-P, which are the targets of TMDL. Water quality items and points affecting the target water quality point were derived from flow rate. In this study, the pollution source tracking through FDC analysis and exceedance rate analysis will be able to establish more efficiently the water quality management strategy for each branch to achieve the target water quality.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.218-219
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• 2007

Silicon feed stock shortage have acted as major restraints for growth of photovoltaic industry. Concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) system will reduce the use of silicon PV materials. This paper presents the application possibility of mono-crystalline silicon solar cell, which has increased in market share, for PV concentrator. We measured the power of solar cell using sun simulator and I-V curve tracer and compared the results. The comparison of results showed that the concentrated solar cell generated the power more approximately 7 times than without concentration in spite of non-heat sink. If CPV technology included heat sink combines already developed PV tracking system, it will have a merit economically.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.155-164
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• 2022

Considerable interest has been directed toward utilizing virtual environment-based simulations for teacher education which provide authentic experience of classroom environment and repetitive training. Emotional Interaction should be considered for more advanced simulation learning performance. Since emotion is important factors in creative thinking, inspiration, concentration, and learning motivation, identifying learners' emotional interactions and applying these results to teaching simulation is essential activities. In this context, this study aims to identify the objective data for the empathetic response through the movement of the learner's EEG (Electroencephalogram) and eye-tracking, and to provide clues for designing emotional teaching simulation. The results of this study indicated that intended empathetic response was provided and in terms of valence (positive and negative) states and situational interest played an important role in determining areas of interest. The results of this study are expected to provide guidelines for the design of emotional interactions in simulations for teacher education as follow; (a) the development of avatars capable of expressing sophisticated emotions and (b) the development of scenarios suitable for situations that cause emotional reactions.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.54-62
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• 2018

This paper is aimed at source tracking of soil heavy metal contamination at a site established by reusing construction wastes. The soil heavy metal concentration at the study site peaked at a depth range of 5-10 m. Column studies were conducted to investigate the possibility of the contamination scenario of infiltration of stormwater carrying heavy metals of ground origin followed by selective heavy metal accumulation at the 5-10 m depth range. Almost all amount of lead, zinc, cadmium, and nickel introduced to the columns each packed with 0-5 m or 5-10 m field soil were accumulated in the column. The very poor heavy metal mobility in spite of the weak association of the heavy metals with the soil (characterized by a sequential extraction procedure) can be attributed to the high pH (10-11) of the construction wastes. From the results, the heavy metal contamination of the subsurface soil by an external heavy metal source was determined to be very unlikely at the study site. The column study applied in the current study is expected to be a useful methodology to present direct evidence of the contaminant source tracking at soil contamination sites.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.335-343
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• 2016

The spatio-temporal distribution of jellyfish in Masan Bay was investigated in this study using a numerical model. First, a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model (POM) was constructed,taking into account residual flows, tides, temperature, salinity, and wind effects. A particle tracking model based on residual flow was then used to investigate the jellyfish present in Masan Port, referred to as the Heavy Industry and Gapo New Port in Masan. Jellyfish distribution was concentrated with maximum (2,533 individual) in the North Sea near Machang Bridge. Itcan be concluded that this concentration was due to multi-directional residual flows and topography effects. Residual flow currents are a dominant factor in understanding the aggregation of jellyfish, and this study used a numerical simulation of tide-induced residual currents, wind-driven currents and density currents in distinct cases to thoroughly address the topic. As a result, wind-driven currents (effect of the wind) was found to be superior to other components as an influence on the distribution of jellyfish near Machang Bridge and Modo in Masan Bay.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.70-75
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• 2022

With the spread of various digital devices, devices have become commonplace in modern society. Moreover, due to the increase in device usage and online learning while staying indoors during the COVID-19 pandemic, symptoms such as an increase in myopia in children due to eye fatigue, an increase in young presbyopia, and dry eye syndrome are increasing, and now people are paying attention to eye health. This is different from before. There are various prescriptions for eye health, but in this paper, we would like to propose a training method for enhancing visual function using VR contents. The analog methods of the existing teaching aids for visual function reinforcement training were planned and produced as digital contents, and VR-based training contents were selected from among the various methods carried out with teaching aids at the visual function training center, which can be made into contents. was developed with In the training process for each content, it was proposed to apply eye tracking to the VR device in order to give the user feedback on their participation in the training so that the management and concentration of the training process could be analyzed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.1016-1017
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• 2023

이 연구는 ADHD 환자를 대상으로 디지털 치료 게임을 개발하였으며, 환자의 주의력과 기억력을 향상시키도록 구성되었다. 게임은 눈 움직임과 ADHD 의 연관성을 고려하여 아이트래킹 기술을 활용하여 개발되었다. 이를 통해 ADHD 환자를 위한 맞춤형 디지털 치료 게임의 중요성을 강조한다.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.39 no.5_1
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• pp.589-597
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• 2023

Floating debris in large quantities from land during heavy rainfall has adverse social, economic, and environmental impacts, but the monitoring system for the concentration area and amount is insufficient. In this study, we proposed an efficient monitoring method for floating debris entering the river during heavy rainfall in Daecheong Lake, the largest water supply source in the central region, and applied remote sensing techniques to estimate the standing-stock of floating debris. To investigate the status of floating debris in the upper of Daecheong Lake, we used a tracking buoy equipped with a low-orbit satellite communication terminal to identify the movement route and behavior characteristics, and used a drone to estimate the potential concentration area and standing-stock of floating debris. The location tracking buoys moved rapidly during the period when the cumulative rainfall for 3 days increased by more than 200 to 300 mm. In the case of Hotan Bridge, which showed the longest distance, it moved about 72.8 km for one day, and the maximum moving speed at this time was 5.71 km/h. As a result of calculating the standing-stock of floating debris using a drone after heavy rainfall, it was found to be 658.8 to 9,165.4 tons, with the largest amount occurring in the Seokhori area. In this study, we were able to identify the main concentrations of floating debris by using location-tracking buoys and drones. It is believed that remote sensing-based monitoring methods, which are more mobile and quicker than traditional monitoring methods, can contribute to reducing the cost of collecting and processing large amounts of floating debris that flows in during heavy rain periods in the future.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.257-268
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• 2023

Sea ice plays an important role in Earth's climate by regulating the amount of solar energy absorbed and controlling the exchange of heat and material across the air-sea interface. Its growth, drift, and melting are monitored on a regular basis by satellite observations. However, low-resolution products with passive microwave radiometer have reduced accuracy during summer to autumn when the ice surface changes rapidly. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) observations are emerging as a powerful complementary, but previous researches have mainly focused on winter ice. In this study, sea ice drift tracking was evaluated and analyzed using SAR images and tracker with global positioning system (GPS) during late summer-early autumn period when ice surface condition changes a lot. The results showed that observational uncertainty increases compared to winter period, however, the correlation coefficient with GPS measurements was excellent at 0.98, and the performance of the ice tracking algorithm was proportional to the sea ice concentration with a correlation coefficient of 0.59 for ice concentrations above 50%.