• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.107-110
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• 2001

Variations in protein and nucleic acid concentrations were observed in 24 hrs old eggs and hatched larvae of Nistari strain, Bombyx mori, exposed to starvation. Three starvation treatments of 24,48 and 60 hrs were given separately from 0 hr old fifth instar larvae. Biochemical variations were studied in the resultant hatched larvae of one time starved parent, while the eggs obtained from parents receiving starvation in two successive generations were considered for the study. In hatched larvae, protein levers in 24 hrs starvation groups remained significantly higher over control (never starved) while the same was found to be lower in 48 and 60 hrs starvation individuals. The RNA concentration remained significantly higher in all the treated lots. However, DNA content was not found to be significantly altered in hatched larvae after exposure to feeding stress. Protein, RNA and DNA concentration of 24 hrs old eggs produced by all the starved groups of Nistari, which had deceived two consecutive starvation during parental generations, showed higher concentrations of these biomolecules over control. Hence, starvation induced alterations in protein and nucleic acids in eggs and hatched Iarvae are indicative of a preparatory phase adopted by the insect to acclimatise itself and its progeny to stress situations.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.69-74
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• 2012

Tropical tasar silkworm Antheraea mylitta Drury experiences extreme temperature stress conditions during its life cycle particularly during diapauses and first crop. The present study witnessed the impact of high temperature on some biochemical profiles and egg production (fecundity) of semi-domesticated Daba and Shorea robusta (Sal) based wild ecorace Laria during seed cocoon (pupa) preservation. Cocoons of Daba and Laria were treated with high temperature at $40^{\circ}C$ for 10 days in a BOD incubator. The protein profile and carbohydrate content in the hemolymph and fat body and total haemocyte count (THC) in the hemolymph of pupa were investigated. Further, the fecundity and fertility of egg was assessed. Significant increase in the protein concentration was observed in the hemolymph with reduction in the fat body (p<0.05). The difference in protein concentration was highly significant between the semidomesticated Daba and wild ecorace Laria (p<0.05). High pupal mortality (20%) and reduced fecundity (10-15%) in Daba was noticed compared to wild Laria. Also an increased THC (>28000) was recorded in Laria. The study infers the potentials of wild ecoraces in sustaining the extreme temperature conditions and need of adopting suitable package of practices for the preservation of diapause seed cocoons during extreme summer conditions. There is possibility to introgression thermal stress resistant traits in the semi-domesticated races of tasar silkworm by resorting to conventional breeding plans with wild races and keeping the thermal stress induced response as markers.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.51-56
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• 2001

Field experiments were conducted to find out the effec- tive control measures with some bases alone and in combination with Dichlorvos and Dimethoate for the whitefly Aleuroclava sp. Singh in the mulberry garden. Four common bases marketed in India Soda, Sunlight, Nirma and Surf at 1% concentration and their synergists with 0.02% Dichlorvos and 0.03% Dimethoate applied to mulberry plants reduced the whitefly by 46-95% (adults) 50-90% (nymphs) upto 15 days of application. Amongst the bases 1% Soda is more effective but, the mixing of 0.02% Dichlorvos with 1% Surf found more effective than 0.02% Dichlorvos With 1% Soda solution. As Surf and Dichlorvos mixture is costly for the control of whitely, Soda was found better (in combination with Dichlorvos) as it is cheaper and easily available to the farmers.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.388-393
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• 2023

지도 학습 기반의 신경 망을 활용한 공학적 자료의 분석은 화학공학 공정 최적화, 미세 먼지 농도 추정, 열역학적 상평형 예측, 이동 현상 계의 물성 예측 등 다양한 분야에서 활용되고 있다. 신경 망의 지도 학습은 학습 자료를 요구하며, 주어진 학습 자료의 구성에 따라 학습 성능이 영향을 받는다. 빈번히 관찰되는 공학적 자료 중에는 DNA의 길이, 분석 물질의 농도 등과 같이 로그 간격으로 주어지는 자료들이 존재한다. 본 연구에서는 넓은 범위에 분포된 로그 간격의 학습 자료를 기계 학습으로 처리하는 경우, 사용 가능한 손실 함수들의 학습 성능을 정량적으로 평가하였으며, 적합한 학습 자료 구성 방식을 연구하였다. 이를 수행하고자, 100×100의 가상 이미지를 활용하여 기계 학습의 회귀 과업을 구성하였다. 4개의 손실 함수들에 대하여 (i) 오차 행렬, (ii) 최대 상대 오차, (iii) 평균 상대 오차로 정량적 평가하여, mape 혹은 msle가 본 연구에서 다룬 과업에 대해 최적의 손실 함수가 됨을 알아내었다. 또한, 학습 자료의 값이 넓은 범위에 걸쳐 분포하는 경우, 학습 자료의 구성을 로그 간격 등을 고려하여 균등 선별하는 방식이 높은 학습 성능을 보임을 밝혀내었다. 본 연구에서 다룬 회귀 과업은 DNA의 길이 예측, 생체 유래 분자 분석, 콜로이드 용액의 농도 추정 등의 공학적 과업에 적용 가능하며, 본 결과를 활용하여 기계 학습의 성능과 학습 효율의 증대를 기대할 수 있을 것이다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.282-288
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• 2013

In nature, the population of Nosema bombycis (Microsporidia) causing pebrine disease is small and their development is extremely slow and only few ultimately producing spores. Pebrine infected silkworm, Bombyx mori larvae collected from sericulture field were alive till $3^{rd}$ generation though the concentration of N.bombycis spore was very high ($2.4-3.0{\times}10^8$ spores. $mL^{-1}$). All larvae were died during $4^{th}$ generation with extremely high concentration of pebrine spores ($3.0-4.0{\times}10^9$ spores. $mL^{-1}$) and mostly contain long polar tube (LT). Alternately, all larvae were died immediately (at $3^{rd}$ stage of $1^{st}$ generation) when it was artificially inoculated with same concentration of N.bombycis spores harvested from field ($2.4-3.0{\times}10^8$ spores. $mL^{-1}$) though concentration of spores harvest was very less ($3.0-4.0{\times}10^6$ spores. $mL^{-1}$) and mostly contain short polar tube (ST). Artificially pebrine infected male moth when mated with healthy female moth took six generations to develop pebrine disease and all larvae were died at the $2^{nd}$ stage with very less spore harvest ($3.0-10.0{\times}10^6$ spores. $mL^{-1}$). Survival percentage was increased in all generations (~92.0% at $4^{th}$ generation) when silkworm rearing was conducted under new integrated disease management system.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.79-95
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• 2013

Purpose : This study aims to investigate the effect of the Snoezelen and Rehacom programs on improvement of attention and memory, and the effect of the Snoezelen program on stress reduction. Method : This study was targeted at 11 subjects in the Snoezelen experimental group, 11 subjects in the Rehacom group and 11 subjects in the non-experimental group. As the initial evaluation, all the subjects took electroencephalography. Then, the Snoezelen group and Rehacom group did Snoezelen training and Rehacom training, respectively total 12 times(for 20 minutes twice per week for six weeks), but no training was applied to the control group. Three weeks after the training, the interim was carried out, and four weeks after the training, the final evaluation was carried out. Results : Subjects' attention increased to $58.15{\pm}4.96$ from $43.75{\pm}4.69$ during the Snoezelen training, and increased to $49.85{\pm}1.91$ from $43.28{\pm}2.71$ during the Rehacom training, which means the Snoezelen training was more effective in improving attention(P<0.05). Subjects' memory increased to $56.14{\pm}1.26$ from $43.19{\pm}3.46$ during the Snoezelen training, and increased to $50.94{\pm}4.0$ from $43.07{\pm}2.58$ during the Rehacom training. This also implies that the Snoezelen training was more effective in improving memory(P<0.05). Conclusion : Though both of the Snoezelen training and Rehacom training improved attention and memory, the Snoezelen program was more effective, and it also influenced stress resistance and physical arousal.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.200-206
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• 2012

The changes in physiologic parameters by swim exercise duration were examined in five female well-trained Jeju crossbred riding horses that had riding experience of more than three years without swim training experience. The horses were performed with swim exercise for 10 min (60.0 m/min) once a day for 14 days. Physiologic characteristics and haematic parameters were measured before swimming, immediately after swimming, and after a 10 min rest at first day ($D_0$), 7 days ($D_7$), and 14 days ($D_{14}$) of training. After 14 days of swim training, heart rate (p<0.05), blood glucose (p<0.05), lactate concentration (p<0.001), packed cell volume (p<0.01), and hemoglobin (p<0.01) measured immediately after swim and after 10 min rest showed significant lower values than those of $D_0$. The results illustrate the benefits of swim training for riding horses and the need for the establishment of swimming routines of appropriate duration and intensity to maximize the advantages of swim training.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.159-166
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• 2023

Due to the aging workforce in the construction industry in South Korea, the accident rate has been increasing. The cognitive abilities of older workers are closely related to both safety incidents and labor productivity. Therefore, there is a need to improve cognitive abilities through personalized training based on cognitive assessment results, using cognitive training content, in order to enable safe performance in labor-intensive environments. The provided cognitive training content includes concentration, memory, oreintation, attention, and executive functions. Difficulty levels were applied to each content to enhance user engagement and interest. To stimulate interest and encourage active participation of the participants, the difficulty level was automatically adjusted based on feedback from the MMSE-DS results and content measurement data. Based on the accumulated data, individual training scenarios have been set differently to intensively improve insufficient cognitive skills, and cognitive training programs will be developed to reduce safety accidents at construction sites through measured data and research. Through such simple cognitive training, it is expected that the reduction of accidents in the aging construction workforce can lead to a decrease in the social costs associated with prolonged construction periods caused by accidents.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.232-236
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• 2005

Background: A physically active lifestyle and regular exercise training incurs many health benefits. One recently recognized benefit of regular moderate exercise is stress reduction and immune enhancement. Thus, a physical stress such as exercise may act at any number of points in the complex sequence of events collectively termed the immune response. Although exercise causes many propound changes in parameters of immune function, the nature and magnitude of such changes rely on several factors including the immune parameters of interest; type, intensity, and duration of exercise; fitness level or exercise history of the subject; environmental factors such as ambient temperature and humidity. Methods: This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of different type of exercise on superoxide dismutase (SOD), neutrophils, and T lymphocytes of Sprague-Dawley rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups; a non-Trained group (NTG, n=6), a swim-Trained group (STG), and a treadmill-Trained group (TTG). The exercise regimen was designed in a treadmill (5 times/5 days/week) during 8-weeks for TTG, and swim training (5 times/5 days/week) during 8-weeks for STG, and the volume of exercise training was the same in both groups. Results: 8 weeks of regular swim and treadmill training significantly increased liver SOD concentration however, muscle SOD concentration was not statistically significant. In the level of neutrophils, TTG and STG showed significant difference, compared to NTG. TTG was the highest level of neutrophils. In the level of immune cell counts, there was significant difference among TTG, STG, and NTG both in the spleen and thymus. Conculsion: In conclusion, it can be stated that eight weeks swim and treadmill exercise training has beneficial effect in improving immune response and antioxidant defence capacity by augmenting immune cells and SOD activities of SD rats.

• 운동영양학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of endurance training and prolonged L-arginine supplementation on blood glucose, blood insulin, muscle glycogen, muscle glycogen synthase (GS), muscle nitric oxide (NO), muscle nitric oxide synthase (NOS), endurance performance. We equally divided 36 Sprague-Dawley mice to be distributed into control group, L-NMMA treated group and L-arginine treated group. The L-arginine treated group and L-NMMA treated group consumed 10 mg/kg/day of L-arginine and 5 mg/kg/day of L-NMMA for 6 weeks period. Mice of control group, L-arginine treated group, and L-NMMA treated groups performed swimming exercise training for 60 min once a day, 5 days per week for 6 weeks. Blood glucose had tendency to increase in L-arginine treated group than the control group, and insulin significantly increased in L-arginine treated group than the control group. L-arginine treated group showed significant increase in glycogen, GS, NO and NOS in the gastrocnemius muscle and soleus muscle compared to the control group. Whereas L-NMMA treated group showed the lowest glycogen, GS, NO and NOS in the gastrocnemius muscle and soleus muscle compared to control group and L-arginine treated group. Exhaustive swimming time had tendency to increase in L-arginine treated group compared to the value for control group. These reults indicate that endurance training and prolonged L-arginine supplementation appear to be effective in exhancing nitric oxide production, glycogen concentration and endurance performance.