• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2001

The most effective methods for utilizing solar energy are to use the sunlight and solar thermal energy such as hybrid panel simultaneously and to use concentrator. From such a view point systems using various kinds of photovoltaic panels are constructed in the world. However, there has not been a hybrid panel with a concentrator. If the sunlight is concentrated on solar cell, cell conversion efficiency increases and the temperature of the solar cell s increases. As the temperature of the solar cells increases, the cell conversion efficiency gradually decreases. For maintaining the cell conversion efficiency constant, it is necessary to keep solar cell at low temperature. In this paper, after designing a concentration rate for concentrating, we propose a model for cooling the cell and for using wasted heat. And, we compare it with conventional panels after calculating the electrical and thermal efficiency, using the energy balance equation.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2012

Knowledge of the solar radiation components and classified wavelength data are essential for modeling many solar photovoltaic systems. This is particularly the case for applications that concentrate the incident energy to attain high photo-dynamic efficiency achievable only at the higher intensities. In order to estimate the performance of concentrating PV systems, it is necessary to know the intensity of the beam radiation, as only this components can be concentrated, and The new PV cell can generate electricity from ultraviolet and infrared light as well as visible light. The Korea Institute of Energy Research(KIER) has began collecting solar radiation components data since January, 1988, and solar radiation classified wavelength data since November, 2008. KIER's solar radiation components and classified wavelength data will be extensively used by concentrating PV system users or designers as well as by research institutes. It is essential to utilize the solar radiation data as application and development of solar energy system increase. Consider able efforts have been made constructing a standard data base system from measure data.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 전기기기 및 에너지변환시스템부문
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• pp.463-466
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• 2001

The most effective methods of utilizing solar energy are to use the sunlight and solar thermal energy such as hybrid panel simultaneously and to use concentrator. From such a view point, systems using various kinds of photovoltaic panels were constructed in the world. However there have not been a type of panel using concentrator and hybrid simultaneously. If the sunlight are concentrated on the solar cell, cell conversion efficiency increase and the temperature of the solar cells increases. As the temperature of the solar cells increases, so cell conversion efficiency decreases. Therefore, for maintaining cell conversion efficiency at these conditions, it is necessary to keep the cell at low temperature. In this paper, after designing a concentrate rate for concentrating, we proposed model for cooling cell and using waste heat, and we compared with conventional panels after calculating the electrical and thermal efficiency using energy balance equation.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.77-83
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• 2005

The verified thermal efficiency, thermal capacity confirmed the effects of the cooling system. Therefore, it is useful for preventing the PV cell temperature rising when solar radiation accumulates in summer. When adopting a hybrid panel for the BIPV system, the affected areas include the vertical outside walls facing the south, southeast, and southwest on the curtain walls excluding windows. The standards on replace aluminum panel which were the popular exterior material were investigated, Designing practice made sure that it could be manufactured in various sizes, and confirmed the most proper method to install a hybrid panel in the BIPV system.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.828-834
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 태양광 집광 효율 향상을 위한 많은 연구 방법 중 하나로서 태양광을 효율적으로 집광할 수 있는 TMC(Tracker Motion Controller) 시스템 구성하여 발전효율의 향상성을 갖춘 집광형 태양광 발전시스템(CPV)과 실리콘을 이용한 PV 시스템으로 실험하였다. 태양추적 발전시스템에 사용되는 마이크로프로세서는 실시간으로 태양광의 고도와 위도 각을 계산한다. 또 한 센서로부터 값을 받아들이고, 태양의 현재 위치 값을 계산하여 모터를 제어하며 중앙제어 시스템과의 통신을 하기 때문에 적용 가능성에 대한 부담이 커지고 있다. 따라서 집광형 태양광 발전시스템에 적합한 프로그램 방식과 센서방식을 혼합한 하이브리드 방식의 알고리즘 통하여 ARM코어를 내장한 TMC에 구현하였으며, 구현된 TMC를 통하여 기존 PV시스템, CPV 시스템 대비하여 국내에서의 발전효율을 비교 분석하였다. 실험결과 기존의 센서방식을 이용한 집광형 태양광 발전 시스템에 GPS통신 값을 통해 프로그램 방식의 천문학 계산에 의하여 지평좌표계에서의 태양의 방위각과 고도각을 계산하는 하이브리드 태양위치추적 방식을 실험한 결과를 보면 맑고 일사량이 높은 날에는 큰 차이를 보이진 않았다. 그러나 흐리고 맑은 날 등 일사량이 없어 센서가 태양의 위치를 추적하지 못하고 멈춘 상태에서 일정 시간이 지난 후 태양이 센서의 사각지대에서 나타나면 센서의 오류가 생길 수 있는 기후변화에서는 오히려 센서방식보다 더 우수함을 확인할 수 있었다. 태양전지의 발전효율이 높아지고 생산발전 단가가 줄이는 부분에 대한 지속적인 연구, 더불어 기후의 변화에 따른 최적의 발전 능력을 가진 TMC를 적용한 고효율 집광형 시스템에 대한 연구가 지속적으로 필요할 것으로 기대된다.

• 공업화학
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.504-508
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• 2019

GaInP/AlGaInP 이종접합 구조를 제안하고 집광 조건에서 가장 높은 효율을 달성한 III-V 화합물 반도체 다중접합 태양전지의 맨 위 subcell에 주로 사용되는 GaInP 동종접합 구조를 대체해 이종접합 구조가 응용될 가능성에 대하여 조사하였다. $2^{\circ}$ off 된 웨이퍼와 $10^{\circ}$ off 된 서로 다른 off-cut 방향을 갖는 두 종류의 GaAs 기판 위에 성장된 태양전지의 특성을 집광 조건에서 측정하고 비교하였다. $10^{\circ}$ off 된 태양전지에서 더 높은 단락전류와 변환효율을 얻었다. 1 sun 조건에서 $10^{\circ}$ off 된 기판 위에 제작된 $2{\times}2mm^2$ 면적의 태양전지에서 $9.21mA/cm^2$의 단락전류밀도와 1.38 V의 개방 전압이 측정되었다. $10^{\circ}$ off 기판 위에 제작된 $5{\times}5mm^2$ 태양전지에서 집광도 증가에 따라 곡선인자(fiill factor)가 감소하여 변환효율은 6.03% (1 sun)에서 5.28% (20 sun)로 측정되었다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제59권12호
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• pp.2212-2217
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• 2010

Previous studies have been focused on the voltage of Bypass diode and Isc(Short Circuit Current) of the influenced solar cell. The Bypass diode starts working when it gets the reverse applied voltage. Previous studies have only concentrated on Isc of the influenced solar cell and Imp of PV module to explain the bypassing performance. PV module is usually working together with inverter having MPPT(Maximum Power Point Tracking) function for best performance. bypassing point is regulated by MPPT function of inverter. In this paper, simulation results of Bypass diode in PV module have been analyzed to represent the relationship of the bypassing point with the composition of PV module. From the results, the more cells are connected with each string, the earlier bypassing performance happens under the fixed number of strings. As diode groups increase or irradiation decreases, the bypassing performance starts fast.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.785-791
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• 2023

Copper sulfide (Cu_xS) has been extensively utilized as a counter electrode (CE) material for quantum dot solar cells (QDSCs) due to its exceptional catalytic activity for polysulfide electrolytes. The typical fabrication method of Cu₂S CEs based on brass substrate is dangerous, involving the use of a highly concentrated hydrochloric acid solution in a relatively high temperature. In contrast, electroplating presents a safer alternative by employing a less acidic solution at a room temperature. In addition, the electroplating method increases the probability of obtaining CEs of consistent quality compared to the brass method. In this study, the optimized electroplating cycle for CuS CEs in QDSCs has been studied for the highly efficient photovoltaic performances. The QDSCs, featuring electroplated CuS CEs, achieved an impressive efficiency of 7.18%, surpassing the conventional method employing brass CEs, which yielded an efficiency of 6.62%.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.493-493
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• 2014

The manufacturing cost of thin-film photovoltics can potentially be lowered by minimizing the amount of a semiconductor material used to fabricate devices. Thin-film solar cells are typically only a few micrometers thick, whereas crystalline silicon (c-Si) wafer solar cells are $180{\sim}300\mu}m$ thick. As such, thin-film layers do not fully absorb incident light and their energy conversion efficiency is lower compared with that of c-Si wafer solar cells. Therefore, effective light trapping is required to realize commercially viable thin-film cells, particularly for indirect-band-gap semiconductors such as c-Si. An emerging method for light trapping in thin film solar cells is the use of metallic nanostructures that support surface plasmons. Plasmon-enhanced light absorption is shown to increase the cell photocurrent in many types of solar cells, specifically, in c-Si thin-film solar cells and in poly-Si thin film solar cell. By proper engineering of these structures, light can be concentrated and coupled into a thin semiconductor layer to increase light absorption. In many cases, silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NP) are formed either on the front surface or on the rear surface on the cells. In case of poly-Si thin film solar cells, Ag NPs are formed on the rear surface of the cells due to longer wavelengths are not perfectly absorbed in the active layer on the first path. In our cells, shorter wavelengths typically 300~500 nm are also not effectively absorbed. For this reason, a new concept of plasmonic nanostructure which is NPs formed both the front - and the rear - surface is worth testing. In this simulation Al NPs were located onto glass because Al has much lower parasitic absorption than other metal NPs. In case of Ag NP, it features parasitic absorption in the optical frequency range. On the other hand, Al NP, which is non-resonant metal NP, is characterized with a higher density of conduction electrons, resulting in highly negative dielectric permittivity. It makes them more suitable for the forward scattering configuration. In addition to this, Ag NP is located on the rear surface of the cell. Ag NPs showed good performance enhancement when they are located on the rear surface of our cells. In this simulation, Al NPs are located on glass and Ag NP is located on the rear Si surface. The structure for the simulation is shown in figure 1. Figure 2 shows FDTD-simulated absorption graphs of the proposed and reference structures. In the simulation, the front of the cell has Al NPs with 70 nm radius and 12.5% coverage; and the rear of the cell has Ag NPs with 157 nm in radius and 41.5% coverage. Such a structure shows better light absorption in 300~550 nm than that of the reference cell without any NPs and the structure with Ag NP on rear only. Therefore, it can be expected that enhanced light absorption of the structure with Al NP on front at 300~550 nm can contribute to the photocurrent enhancement.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.213-216
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 25배 태양광 집광장치에 적용될 선형 프레넬 렌즈의 최적화에 대해 서술한다. 이 선형 프레넬 렌즈는 각기 다른 패턴을 가진 $10{\times}10$ mm 크기의 선형 프레넬 렌즈가 $5{\times}5$의 형태로 결합된 렌즈이다. 각 프레넬 렌즈는 같은 크기의 태양전지로 태양광이 입사할 수 있도록 최적화되어 있다. 최적화된 프레넬 렌즈의 설계치는 패턴높이 35 ${\mu}m$, 구배각 $4^{\circ}$, 모서리 라운드 1 ${\mu}m$로 각각의 선형 프레넬 렌즈에 모두 같은 값이 부여되었지만 사면경사각은 $14.1^{\circ}{\sim}31.2^{\circ}$로 각기 다르다. 이렇게 설계된 선형 프레넬 렌즈의 태양광 집광효율은 80%이상이며 기존의 25배 집광용 단일 프레넬 렌즈보다 오정렬 및 제작공차 측면에서 강력한 성능을 가진다. 설계된 선형 프레넬 렌즈의 민감도 분석을 통해 모서리 라운드가 1 ${\mu}m$씩 증가할수록 집광효율이 ~5%씩 저하되는 것을 파악하였고 이에 모서리 라운드가 최소한의 수치로 유지되어야 함을 확인하였다.