• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.251-259
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• 2022

This study investigates the impact of ownership structures and audit quality on carbon emission disclosure. It also examines how audit quality affects the relationship between ownership structures and carbon emission disclosure. This research includes 106 standalone sustainability reports from non-financial companies that were listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) between 2015 and 2018. Our findings show that family and concentrated ownerships convey less information about carbon emissions. Our results fail to demonstrate that disclosure of carbon emissions could be a corporation's approach to respond to stakeholder pressure and public visibility and to provide legitimacy for its existence. We also find a positive and significant association between high-quality (Big4) auditors and carbon emission performance. Our further result suggests that Big4 auditors seem to compromise their high standard quality on auditing family and concentrated ownership firms. They fail to influence their family and concentrated ownership clients to be socially responsible. Policymakers should support the existence of Big4 auditors as a driver of carbon emission performance. Top management should be proactive to tackle carbon emission issues by adopting stakeholder-driven mechanisms and establishing legitimacy with society. Nevertheless, the involvement of family and highly concentrated shareholders in decision-making processes and information disclosure should not be encouraged.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권11호
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• pp.107-115
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• 2020

This study is concerned with the relationship between firm's ownership structure and the co-movement of the stock return with the market return. Four different types of firm ownership, including managerial ownership, state ownership, foreign ownership, and concentrated ownership, are among the main features of the company's governance mechanism and have been separately documemented in the previous research to understand their impact on stock price synchronicity. We constructed the regression model, using stock price synchronicity as the dependent variable and the above four components of ownership structure as explanantory variables. The pooled OLS, the fixed effects model, and the random effects are employed to investigate the outcome of the study. Data used in the reserch are of public firms listed on the Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange (HOSE) during the five-year period term from 2015 to 2019. The data sample contains 235 companies from 10 industries with 1135 observations. The results revealed by the fixed effects model, the large ownership and the managerial ownership are found to have adverse effect on the stock price synchronicity, whereas the foreign ownership model is revealed to have positive influence on the stock return co-movement. The effect of the state ownership on the stock price synchronicity is not confirmed.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권9호
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• pp.159-168
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• 2020

This is a quantitative research, underpinned by the philosophy of natural science and deduction approach that examines the impact of the various aspects of corporate governance mechanism on the choice of capital structure of Vietnamese listed firms. We focus on the effect of factors such as the board size, the board independence, and especially different ownership structures, which include the managerial ownership, the state ownership, the concentrated ownership, and the foreign ownership. They are the main scopes of corporate governance and are supposed to be relevant to determine the corporate financing choice. To explain the causal relationship between factors, we construct the regression model and then test it by using different statistical method approaches, including the pooled OLS, the fixed effects model, and the random effects model. Data are collected from 336 firms with shares listed in the Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange in Vietnam, totaling 1583 observations. Overall, the results reveal that the board size, state ownership, and concentrated ownership have positive impact on the firm's capital structure, whereas foreign ownership appears to have negative influence on the capital structure. The research does not find evidence of a the correlation between board independence, managerial ownership and corporate capital struture.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.35-44
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• 2022

Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to find out the impact of ownership structure on firm performance in the pharmaceutical and chemical industry of Bangladesh. Research design, data and methodology: The study has been conducted on 28 listed pharmaceutical and chemical companies from 2012 to 2020. Return on Assets (ROA) and Tobin's Q are selected as indicators of internal and market performance of the firms respectively whereas institutional ownership, directors' ownership and foreign ownership are selected as proxies of ownership structure. Panel analysis using random effects, lag method and time dummy method is used to analyse the relationship. Results: The study has found the existence of highly concentrated directors' ownership, a low percentage of institutional ownership and a very insignificant proportion of foreign ownership in the industry. The regression results show that directors' ownership has a positive and significant impact on firm performance, supporting the concept of agency theory. The study has also found a positive and significant impact of foreign ownership on firm performance. Unfortunately, the impact of institutional ownership is found to be insignificant. Conclusions: Directors' ownership and foreign ownership decreases agency cost that ultimately increases firm performance. However, the role of institutional investors is not significant enough to improve firm performance. It is suggested that institutional investors should be more active and involved in monitoring the activities of the organisations to improve performance.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권10호
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• pp.675-685
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• 2020

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the potential effect of ownership concentration on the relationship between board composition and bank performance. The study employs a sample of Saudi banks listed on Saudi stock exchange (TADAUWL) over the period from 2011 to 2018. To test the study hypotheses and control for endogeneity issues, the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and the Two-Stage Least Squares (2SLS) techniques are used. The empirical results reveal a significant negative moderating effect of ownership concentration on the association between board composition and bank performance, which confirms the study argument and supports hypotheses. The results indicate that board composition in terms of independent board members, executive board members, and non-executive board members in banks with higher ownership concentration have a weaker positive influence on bank performance. For control variables, the results are almost consistent with theoretical perspectives and previous empirical evidence. The results of this study have important implications for regulatory authorities, companies, and market participants in Saudi Arabia and countries with high concentrated ownership to understand how ownership concentration could affect corporate governance and firm performance and to identify appropriate actions to protect board composition from the influence of ownership concentration.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권9호
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• pp.61-73
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• 2022

The article examines the ownership structure and dividend payout behavior of India-listed firms using a panel regression approach. It focuses on family ownership and examines why dividend payouts of family firms differ from non-family firms. The study finds that family firms dominate and have concentrated ownership using data from the NSE-listed regular dividend-paying firms. Although family ownership concentration is high among Indian firms, these firms are not concerned about distributing cash as dividends. Instead, these firms focus on retaining and passing on control from one generation to the next. The evidence shows that family firms pay low dividends and have higher leverage than non-family counterparts. The results support the entrenchment of minority shareholders and the proposition that a high payout signals a reduction in the information asymmetry and level of risk. The study further illustrates that cash dividends tend to reduce the level of risk perceived; however, (cash dividend) leads to the deterioration firm's liquidity and aid in the shrinking of cash among emerging market firms. The originality of the paper lies in factoring ownership concentration while explaining the dividend behaviour from an emerging markets perspective, characterized by high private benefits and weak protection for external minority shareholders.

• 산학경영연구
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.19-41
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• 2005

회계정보의 유용성은 기본적으로 정보이용자들의 의사결정에 어느 정도 도움을 줄 수 있는가에 의하여 평가될 수 있는데, 회계정보의 유용성에 대한 하나의 측정치로서 투자자에 대한 회계이익의 정보효과를 이용할 수 있을 것이다. 기업의 소유구조는 기업이 회계이익을 결정하는 과정과 외부 투자자들이 기업관련 정보를 이용하는 문제와 밀접한 관련이 있다. 실제로 기업의 소유구조가 어떠한 형태를 갖고 있느냐에 따라 기업에서 적용하는 회계정책이 달라지고 투자자들이 회계정보 외의 기업관련 정보를 이용함에 있어서도 그 내용이나 접근가능성에 차이가 있다. 따라서 기업의 소유구조는 궁극적으로 회계이익의 정보효과에 영향을 주는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 기업의 소유구조를 경영자 또는 내부 지분율이 높은 기업, 기관투자자와 비지배대주주의 지분율이 높은 기업 및 지분분산이 광범위하게 잘 이루어진 기업 등 크게 3 가지로 분류하여 각각의 소유구조가 회계이익과 주가이익률과의 관계에 미치는 영향을 이론적으로 고찰하였다. 이익조작가설은 소유와 경영이 분리된 기업들이 일반적으로 이익을 조작하려는 경향이 있다고 주장한다. 한편 차별적정보가설은 회계정보에 대한 대체적인 정보의 양 및 적시성과 관련이 있다. 소유구조가 주가와 이익과의 관계에 미치는 영향을 분석함에 있어 이익조작가설에 바탕을 둔 기존 연구들은 소유구조와 정보환경과의 관계를 고려하지 않았지만 본 연구는 차별적 정보가설을 함께 고려하여 추가적인 검토를 하였다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 학술대회 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.198-200
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• 2005

Recently, intellectual property problem caused by illegal copy or circulation of digital contents with computer and advance of network. it will lose producer's desire and cause economic losses. so we need to demand ownership protection technology for prevent illegal copy without an owner consent and protect ownership with effect. in this paper, we change digital image at frequency domain and choose a factor choosing frequency area with human perceptibility. we inserted repetitive and adaptive watermark on the whole image by Labview Machine Vision. watermark inserted into the high frequency concentrated textual area with Wavelet Transform and then reduced damage of image by human visual feature after inserted watermark

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.378-398
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• 2016

이 논문은 베트남 중부고원지역의 닥락성(省)을 사례로 커피재배지역의 확대와 토지소유관행의 제도화 과정을 고찰하였다. 베트남은 세계 2위의 커피 수출국이며, 닥락 지역은 베트남 최대 커피 생산지이다. 이처럼 닥락이 커피생산의 중심지역으로 성장하면서 커피재배지를 확보하려는 경쟁도 심화되었다. 특히 국가권력이 새로운 토지소유권 제도를 도입하고 이를 실천하는 과정에서 토지를 둘러싼 경쟁은 격렬하게 전개되었다. 새로운 토지소유권 제도의 도입은 닥락지역 소수민족에게 직접적인 영향을 미쳤다. 국가권력이 이 제도를 도입하기 이전, 소수민족에게 있어서 토지는 마을 공동체에 귀속되는 공유자원이었으며 배타적 권리의 대상이 아니었다. 그러나 새로운 토지제도가 도입되면서 토지는 배타적 권리를 보장받는 사적 자산으로 그 성격이 변화되었다. 따라서 소수민족이 가졌던 토지에 대한 관습적 권리는 새로운 토지제도의 틀 속에 재편될 수 밖에 없었다. 그러나 이러한 관습적 토지소유의 제도화는 닥락 지역 전체에서 동일하게 전개된 것이 아니라, 통치체계의 중심지로부터의 거리와 토지자원의 가치에 따라 상이하게 나타났다. 이 논문에서는 입지 그리고 자연 조건이 상이한 세 지역을 선정하여 변경에서의 통치체계의 확립과 관습적 토지소유의 제도화 과정이 소수민족의 일상적 저항(everyday resistance)에 따라 불완전한 양태로 전개되었음을 조명하였다.

• 무역학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.65-79
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• 2021

This paper investigates how corporate governance characteristics are related to long-term corporate survival in an emerging economy. We used the data of 311 companies listed on the Korean Stock Exchange (KSE) in 1979 and examined the survival chances of those companies through the IMF crisis in 1998, upon governance characteristics that are expected to increase long-term strategic orientations. We utilized Cox regression model for the analysis. The results indicate that firms with particular governance characteristics that may be tied to CEO's long-term orientations show higher long-term survivability. Specifically, the probability of a firm's long-term survival is increased when founding family ownership is sustained, the company ownership is concentrated, and the CEO is the largest shareholder. This study has significance in that it is one of initial tries to examine the impact of corporate governance on long-term corporate survival with large scale statistical analysis. Also, the study findings provide some clues as to why the portion of family firms in emerging economies is continuously increased, thus providing meaningful insights to corporate governance literature.